The Interaction between Physical Illness and Neurotic Morbidity in the Community

1981 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Vazquez Barquero ◽  
P. E. Muñoz ◽  
V. Madoz Jaúregui
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sociological Factors ◽  
The North ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
North Of Spain

SummaryAs part of an epidemiological survey of a rural community in the North of Spain we analysed the interaction between physical illness and neurotic morbidity using a two-phase cross-sectional analysis of a representative sample of the population over 15 years old. There was a very high prevalence of neurosis in the somatically ill (males—15.6 per cent, females—33.1 per cent) and much physical pathology in the group of neurotics (males—42.4 per cent, females—39 per cent). The personal characteristics of the sample, as well as some sociological factors like rural-urban way of life, educational level and social class, appear to influence the relationship between both types of illness. The neurotic morbidity of the somatic group comprised depressive, anxiety and hypochondriac types.

scholarly journals Prevalence of falls in elderly in Brazil: a countrywide analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1819-1826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Vinholes Siqueira ◽  
Luiz Augusto Facchini ◽  
Denise Silva da Silveira ◽  
Roberto Xavier Piccini ◽  
Elaine Tomasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
The North ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Falls In Elderly

We conducted a cross-sectional study of a sample of 6,616 elderly living in urban areas of 100 municipalities in 23 Brazilian states, who responded to questions on the occurrence of falls in the 12 months prior to the interview, and occurrence of fractures due to the falls. The prevalence of falls among the elderly was 27.6% (95%CI: 26.5-28.7). Among those reporting falls, 11% had suffered fractures as a result. Of the elderly, 36% had received guidance about the precautions necessary to prevent falls, and about 1% had required surgery. Falls were associated with female gender, older age, low socioeconomic status, obesity and sedentary lifestyles. The prevalence of falls differed significantly between the North and other regions of Brazil. The study shows a high prevalence of falls, and underlines the need for preventive strategies targeting modifiable risk factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence of syphilis, neurosyphilis and associated factors in a cross-sectional analysis of HIV infected patients attending Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeodatus Haule ◽  
Betrand Msemwa ◽  
Evarista Mgaya ◽  
Peter Masikini ◽  
Samuel Kalluvya
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background HIV-syphilis co-infection can enhance the rapid progression of early or late latent syphilis to neurosyphilis and can cause catastrophic neurological complications. In studies in Mwanza, syphilis affects ~ 8% of healthy outpatients and studies done in the 1990s have suggested that up to 23.5% of HIV-syphilis co-infected patients also have neurosyphilis. Methodology This was a cross sectional study in which adult HIV infected patients who were hospitalized or attending the outpatient Care and Treatment Clinic (CTC) were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and screened for syphilis using serum Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination Assay (TPHA). Blood was also taken for CD4+ T cells and viral load. Those who were found to have syphilis underwent neurological examination for any neurologic deficit and were offered a lumbar puncture. Results The prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients was found to be 9.6%. The majority of patients were female (72.5%) and median age was 42 years [interquartile range, 32–50]. Most patients were on ART (99.4%). In the study population of 1748 participants, 9.6% were TPHA positive; the majority (89.2%) reported not knowing their syphilis status and not previously been treated. One hundred and forty-one participants with syphilis had neurological examinations performed. Four of these had abnormal findings that necessitated a lumbar puncture. Neurosyphilis was confirmed in one patient (0.7%). Conclusion The high prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients indicates that there is a need to increase efforts in targeting this population to reduce sexually transmitted infections. Screening for syphilis should be done for all HIV patients given the high prevalence of the infection and the risk that aggressive forms of neurosyphilis can occur despite recovery of CD4+ T cell counts in untreated syphilis.

High prevalence of asymptomatic carriers of Tropheryma whipplei in different populations from the North of Spain

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 340-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara García-Álvarez ◽  
Patricia Pérez-Matute ◽  
José Ramón Blanco ◽  
Valvanera Ibarra ◽  
José Antonio Oteo
Keyword(s):  
Tropheryma Whipplei ◽  
Asymptomatic Carriers ◽  
The North ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
North Of Spain

scholarly journals ATTITUDES IN FRONT OF DEATH: NURSES’ VIEWS IN THE HOSPITAL ENVIRONMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Filomena Passos Texeira Cardoso ◽  
Maria Manuela Ferreira Pereira da Silva Martins ◽  
Letícia de Lima Trindade
Keyword(s):  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The North ◽  
Professional Characteristics ◽  
Occupational Characteristics ◽  
The Face ◽  
Attitudes Towards Death ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the relationship between personal characteristics and the profile of attitudes towards death among nurses in a Portuguese hospital. Method: a cross-sectional, quantitative, exploratory and descriptive study, carried out in a hospital in the North of Portugal, with 981 nurses, who answered a questionnaire composed by the scale of evaluation of the Profile of Attitudes about Death. Data collection was carried out in February and March 2018 in the services, and the findings went through descriptive and analytical statistical analysis with the aid of the SPSS software. Results: the nurses revealed to have the attitudes of approach (36.29 points), fear (27.82 points), neutrality (27.25 points), avoidance (17.48 points) and escape (15.52 points) in the face of death, and these were associated with the different socio-occupational characteristics of these professionals, including gender, marital status, age, having children, type of employment relationship, professional category, specialty, time of service, and the practice or belief of some religion. Conclusion: the profile of the nurses' attitudes towards death is influenced by their socio-professional characteristics, which points to the importance of rethinking training strategies in the academic environment, in health organizations and in services, favoring the better reception of patients and family members, but also in relieving the suffering of the professionals in the face of finitude.

Factors associated with wide variation in clinical litigation rates across acute NHS trusts in England: a cross-sectional analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverley Griggs ◽  
Tristan Childs ◽  
Jamie Birkinshaw ◽  
Padmanabhan Badrinath
Keyword(s):  
Routine Data ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Hospital Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Indicator ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
The North ◽  
Bed Days ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Objective Identify organizational factors associated with high clinical litigation rates among acute National Health Service (NHS) trusts in England. Design Cross-sectional analysis using routine data. Setting NHS trusts in England. Participants A total of 235 NHS trusts used the NHS Clinical Negligence Scheme in 2016–17. Ninety-seven trusts (41.3%) with no maternity services, 2 (0.9%) providing specialized services and 3 (1.2%) without clinical negligence claims were excluded. Hence, the remaining 133 trusts (56.6%) were included. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measures Rate of clinical litigation by trust per 100 000 occupied bed days. Results The mean rate of clinical litigation was 25.4 per 100 000 occupied bed days. In univariable analyses, higher values of summary hospital-level mortality indictor, staff sickness, written complaints, patient safety incidents and being in the North of England led to increased clinical litigation rates. Conversely, higher patient admissions, NHS Staff Survey overall engagement score and occupied bed days led to decreased clinical litigation rates. In the multivariable model, factors associated with increased clinical litigation rates were as follows: summary mortality hospital-level indicator (SHMI) (0.9 increase in litigation rate per 0.05 increase in SHMI; P = 0.012); new written complaints (0.62 increase per 50 complaints higher; P < 0.001); located in the North of England compared to London (5.22 higher; P < 0.001). Conversely, a higher number of occupied bed days (−0.64 change per 50 000 days higher; P = 0.007) was associated with lower clinical litigation rates. Conclusions This study identified organizational factors associated with clinical litigation, which will be of interest to clinicians and the NHS. This research also highlights areas for further investigation.

scholarly journals Depressive disorders in Europe: prevalence figures from the ODIN study

2001 ◽  
Vol 179 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Ayuso-Mateos ◽  
Jose Luis Vázquez-Barquero ◽  
Christopher Dowrick ◽  
Ville Lehtinen ◽  
Odd Steffen Dalgard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Community Study ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Low Prevalence

BackgroundThis is the first report on the epidemiology of depressive disorders from the European Outcome of Depression International Network (ODIN) study.AimsTo assess the prevalence of depressive disorders in randomly selected samples of the general population in five European countries.MethodThe study was designed as a cross-sectional two-phase community study using the Beck Depression Inventory during Phase 1, and the Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry during Phase 2.ResultsAn analysis of the combined sample (n=8.764) gave an overall prevalence of depressive disorders of 8.56% (95% Cl 7.05–10.37). The figures were 10.05% (95% Cl 7.80–12.85) for women and 6.61% (95% Cl 4.92–8.83) for men. The centres fall into three categories: high prevalence (urban Ireland and urban UK), low prevalence (urban Spain) and medium prevalence (the remaining sites).ConclusionsDepressive disorder is a highly prevalent condition in Europe. The major finding is the wide difference in the prevalence of depressive disorders found across the study sites.

scholarly journals Prevalence Of Syphilis, Neurosyphilis And Associated Factors In a Cross-Sectional Analysis Of HIV Infected Patients Attending Bugando Medical Centre Mwanza Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeodatus Richard Haule ◽  
Betrand Msemwa ◽  
Evarista Mgaya ◽  
Peter Masikini ◽  
Samuel Kalluvya
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rapid Progression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Abstract Background: HIV-syphilis co-infection can enhance the rapid progression of early or late latent syphilis to neurosyphilis and can cause catastrophic neurological complications. In studies in Mwanza, syphilis affects ~8% of healthy outpatients and studies done in the 1990s have suggested that up to 23.5% of HIV-syphilis co-infected patients also have neurosyphilis.Methodology: This was a cross sectional study in which adult HIV infected patients who were hospitalized or attending the outpatient Care and Treatment Clinic (CTC) were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and screened for syphilis using serum Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination Assay (TPHA). Blood was also taken for CD4+ T cells and viral load. Those who were found to have syphilis underwent neurological examination for any neurologic deficit and were offered a lumbar puncture. Results: The prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients was found to be 9.6%. The majority of patients were female (72.5%) and median age was 42 years [interquartile range, 32-50]. Most patients were on ART (99.4%). In the study population of 1748 participants, 9.6% were TPHA positive; the majority (89.2%) reported not knowing their syphilis status and not previously been treated. One hundred and forty-one participants with syphilis had neurological examinations performed. Four of these had abnormal findings that necessitated a lumbar puncture. Neurosyphilis was confirmed in one patient (0.7%).Conclusion: The high prevalence of syphilis in HIV infected patients indicates that there is a need to increase efforts in targeting this population to reduce sexually transmitted infections. Screening for syphilis should be done for all HIV patients given the high prevalence of the infection and the risk that aggressive forms of neurosyphilis can occur despite recovery of CD4+ T cell counts in untreated syphilis.

Cross‐sectional analysis of food demand in the North Central, Nigeria

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abiodun Elijah Obayelu ◽  
V.O. Okoruwa ◽  
O.I.Y. Ajani
Keyword(s):  
Food Demand ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North Central ◽  
Cross Sectional Analysis ◽  
The North ◽  
Sectional Analysis
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