Medium-Term Course of Disaster Victims

1995 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Duggan ◽  
J. Gunn
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
One Year

BackgroundOur aim was to describe the medium-term course (2–3 years) in a series of victims who had experienced severe trauma.MethodWe selected a consecutive series of 31 trauma victims and applied a structured clinical schedule (CAPS-2) to their psychiatric evaluations prepared for the court on two separate occasions approximately one year apart.ResultsPost-traumatic stress disorder and depression were the commonest diagnoses, occurring in 39% and 16% of the victims respectively when they were first assessed. Most had improved between the assessments and this was especially the case for the re-experiencing of the trauma and over-arousal, but less so for avoidance; 20% of subjects showed no improvement, often being handicapped by secondary psychiatric illness.ConclusionTraumatised victims generally showed recovery in the 2–3 years after the trauma, but this was slow and was not universal.

scholarly journals Group Play Therapy for Preadolescents: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder of Natural Disaster Victims in Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-222
Author(s):  
Nandang Rusmana ◽  
Anne Hafina ◽  
Dodi Suryana
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Play Therapy ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Group Play Therapy ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Group Play

Background: This study was motivated by the failure of coping and adaptation to traumatic experiences that cause a wide, deep, and long-term snowball effect that may not be reversible. Objective: This study aims to test the effectiveness of the implementation of group play therapy in dealing with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) victims of natural disasters in three provinces in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: The study employed an explanatory mixed methods design. The procedures and steps taken in this study refer to the research and development cycle. The subjects and objects of the study were 106 male and 92 female preadolescent students of junior high school in three provinces in Indonesia. Results: Traumatic counselling through group play therapy techniques has the effect of reducing post-traumatic stress disorder on victims of the tsunami disaster in three provinces in Indonesia. The first study conducted in Lombok West Nusa Tenggara province obtained the results of the calculation of the value μ2 = 0.021 for the value of μ1> 0.05. The second study in Palu, Central Sulawesi Province obtained the results of the calculation of the value of μ2 = 0.018 for the value of μ1> 0.05, and the third study in Anyer, Banten province obtained the results of the calculation of the value of µ2 = 0.011 for the value of µ1 > 0.05. Conclusion: Teaching and practising the skills of traumatic counselling using using Group Play Therapy can handle PTSD victims of natural disasters that significantly change victims.

scholarly journals One-year clinical outcomes following theta burst stimulation for post-traumatic stress disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 940-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Petrosino ◽  
Mascha van ’t Wout-Frank ◽  
Emily Aiken ◽  
Hannah R. Swearingen ◽  
Jennifer Barredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
One Year ◽  
Theta Burst

AbstractTheta burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (TBS) is a potential new treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We previously reported active intermittent TBS (iTBS) was associated with superior clinical outcomes for up to 1-month, in a sample of fifty veterans with PTSD, using a crossover design. In that study, participants randomized to the active group received a total of 4-weeks of active iTBS, or 2-weeks if randomized to sham. Results were superior with greater exposure to active iTBS, which raised the question of whether observed effects persisted over the longer-term. This study reviewed naturalistic outcomes up to 1-year from study endpoint, to test the hypothesis that greater exposure to active iTBS would be associated with superior outcomes. The primary outcome measure was clinical relapse, defined as any serious adverse event (e.g., suicide, psychiatric hospitalization, etc.,) or need for retreatment with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Forty-six (92%) of the initial study’s intent-to-treat participants were included. Mean age was 51.0 ± 12.3 years and seven (15.2%) were female. The group originally randomized to active iTBS (4-weeks active iTBS) demonstrated superior outcomes at one year compared to those originally randomized to sham (2-weeks active iTBS); log-rank ChiSq = 5.871, df = 1, p = 0.015; OR = 3.50, 95% CI = 1.04–11.79. Mean days to relapse were 296.0 ± 22.1 in the 4-week group, and 182.0 ± 31.9 in the 2-week group. When used, rTMS retreatment was generally effective. Exploratory neuroimaging revealed default mode network connectivity was predictive of 1-year outcomes (corrected p < 0.05). In summary, greater accumulated exposure to active iTBS demonstrated clinically meaningful improvements in the year following stimulation, and default mode connectivity could be used to predict longer-term outcomes.

scholarly journals KEGAWATDARURATAN PSIKOLOGIS BERUPA TINGKAT STRES, KECEMASAN DAN DEPRESI KORBAN GEMPA, TSUNAMI DAN LIKUIFAKSI DI WILAYAH PANTOLOAN KABUPATEN DONGGALA PALU SULAWESI TENGAH

Masker Medika ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
Miranti Florencia Iswari
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Psychological Reaction ◽  
Post Traumatic

Pendahuluan: Korban bencana tidak hanya mengalami masalah darurat seperti pembangunan, makanan, kondisi fisik akibat gempa namun juga masalah kesehatan mental. Setelah peristiwa bencana, sebagian besar populasi korban bencana tetap memiliki reaksi psikologis yang normal, akan tetapi 15-20% akan mengalami gangguan mental ringan atau sedang yang merujuk pada kondisi PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), sementara 3-4% akan mengalami gangguan berat seperti psikosis, depresi berat dan kecemasan yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian: untuk menjelaskan tentang kegawatdaruratan psikologis berupatingkat stress, kecemasan dan depresi yang terjadi pada korban bencana gempa, tsunami dan likuifaksi wilayah pantoloan Kabupaten Donggala Palu Sulawesi Tengah. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah para pengungsi di tenda-tenda pengungsian di wilayah Pantoloan Kabupaten Donggala dan sampel berjumlah 33 responden ditentukan dengan teknik total sampling. Metode: yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif dengan rancangan penelitian deskriptif. Pengumpulan data menggunakan Instrumen penelitian questioner DASS 42 dengan teknik wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian: didapatkan tingkat stress terbanyak pada kategori berat yaitu 17 orang (51.5%), tingkat kecemasan terbanyak kategori berat yaitu 30 orang (90.9%), dan tingkat depresi terbanyak kategori ringan yaitu 22orang 66.7%).   Introduction: Disaster victims not only experience emergency problems such as construction, food, physical condition due to the earthquake but also mental health problems. After a catastrophic event, the majority of the disaster victims population still has a normal psychological reaction, but 15-20% will experience mild or moderate mental disorders that refer to the condition of PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder), while 3-4% will experience severe disorders like psychosis, major depression and high anxiety. The purpose of the study: to explain the psychological emergencies in the form of stress, anxiety and depression that occur in victims of the earthquake, tsunami and liquefaction of the Pantoloan area, Donggala Palu, Central Sulawesi. The population in this study wererefugees in refugee tents in the Pantoloan area of Donggala Regency and a sample of 33 respondents was determined by total sampling technique. Method: used is quantitative with descriptive research design. Data collection using the DASS 42 questioner research instrument with interview and observation techniques. Results: the highest levels of stress were found in the severe category of 17 people (51.5%), the most severe level of anxiety was 30 people (90.9%), and the mildest level of depression was 22 people 66.7%).

Post traumatic stress disorder symptoms in prisoners following a cell mate's hanging

1992 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aideen Freyne ◽  
Art O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Severe Trauma ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Forensic Psychiatric

AbstractPost traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a well recognised condition which occurs in people who have been exposed to severe trauma as victims, potential victims or witnesses. A review of case notes of all prisoners transferred since 1988 to a national forensic psychiatric hospital following traumatic hanging events in prison revealed that all patients had psychological symptoms and four had symptoms probably fulfilling PTSD according to DSM III R criteria. Our findings are discussed with reference to the literature on PTSD, the nature of the prison environment, the premorbid personality of prisoners, and the implications for dealing with the effect of suicide within a prison setting.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY PADA KORBAN BENCANA DENGAN PTSD (POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Del Fatma Wati ◽  
Winda Ratna Wulan
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavior Therapy ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavior ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

<p><em>Disasters can cause trauma to individuals who experience direct events or as witnesses, which is one of the psychological impacts that are often encountered in disaster victims is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD. Pharmacological therapy in disaster victims with PTSD can be more effective if combined with psychotherapy interventions. One of the psychotherapy therapies that can be done using the CBT method. The goal of CBT is to improve psychosocial function, restore thinking ability, reduce the impact of traumatic events. The aim of this literature review is to determine the effectiveness of the application of CBT to disaster victims with PTSD, by using a database that is used as a search source related to research, namely "ncbi," google scholar ","msjonline.org"," national library ", and "Researchgate". Research data on databases using the keywords "disaster", "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)", "Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT)", and "the influence of CBT". The results show that the CBT method used in disaster victims with PTSD is effective in reducing levels of anxiety, discomfort, depression, helplessness, and behavioral problems of various types of measuring instruments and different patient populations. This literature study reports that the positive influence of the CBT method used on disaster victims with PTSD can maintain adaptive coping, improve socialization and train courage of independence.</em></p><p><em>Keywords: Disaster, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Effect of CBT</em></p>

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