scholarly journals Common mental disorders in a young urban population in Colombia

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trudy Harpham ◽  
Simon Snoxell ◽  
Emma Grant ◽  
Carlos Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
The City

BackgroundThere are few studies of mental ill health among young people in developing countries.AimsTo measure the prevalence of common mental disorders among low-income young people in the city of Cali, Colombia and to examine associations with violence and social capital.MethodThe Self-Reporting Questionnaire was administered to 1057 young people aged 15–25 years. Social capital, violence, alcoholism and socio-demographic variables were also measured.ResultsWe found 255 young people (24%) with common mental disorders. Being a woman, having limited education and experiencing high levels of violence were the main risk factors for common mental disorders. Social capital did not emerge as a risk factor.ConclusionsA large burden of mental ill health among young people was found; this requires urgent interventions and more research on the mechanisms which link mental health and violence.

scholarly journals Common Mental Disorders and Its Socio-Demographic Correlates Among Women Of Reproductive Age In Urban And Rural Area Of Meerut

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-364
Author(s):  
Vertika Agarwal ◽  
Seema Jain ◽  
Sunil Kumar Garg ◽  
Ganesh Singh ◽  
Chhaya Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Background: Common Mental disorders are distress states manifesting with anxiety, depressive and unexplained somatic symptoms categorized as ‘neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders’ in ICD-10. These are 2-3 times more common in women than in men and also more in urban area than rural. Women of reproductive age are at higher risk especially those with social disadvantage, low income and low education. Aims & Objectives: To assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated socio-demographic factors among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) residing in urban and rural area of Meerut. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study done in urban and rural area of Meerut from June 2018 to October 2019. 267 women in reproductive age (15-49years) were interviewed in urban as well as rural area using a predesigned pretested questionnaire regarding socio-demographic profile. Self- Reporting Questionnaire-20 was used to determine presence of common mental disorders. Results: Overall prevalence of common mental disorders among women of reproductive age group was 19.8%(106) with 24.2%(65) in urban and 15.4%(41) in rural area. Statistical analysis revealed that various socio-demographic variables like belonging to urban area (24.2%),being widowed/separated (urban-85.7%;rural-75.0%), belonging to broken family(urban-54.5%%; rural-58.3%), being employed(urban-39.6%;rural-33.3%) and lower socio-economic status(urban-54.5%;rural-40.0%) were significantly associated with presence of common mental disorders. In urban women increasing age was also associated with common mental disorders. Conclusion: The study revealed a high prevalence of common mental disorders in both urban and rural area and a significant association with various socio-demographic variables.

scholarly journals Common mental disorders and chronic non-communicable diseases in adults: a population-based study

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Monteiro da Cunha Coelho ◽  
Ricardo Tavares Pinheiro ◽  
Bernardo Lessa Horta ◽  
Pedro Vieira da Silva Magalhães ◽  
Carla Maria Maia Garcias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Self ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted to identify the prevalence of common mental disorders and verify the association with chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and the self-reported number of chronic diseases. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was applied in a multi-stage random sample of 1,276 adults aged 40 and older. Socio-demographic, behavioral, and health-related variables were also obtained using a structured questionnaire. Prevalence of common mental disorders was 30.2%. Lower schooling and social class and the 46-55-year age bracket were associated with psychiatric morbidity. Each chronic illness was independently associated with common mental disorders. However, a stronger association was found between common mental disorders and the total number of self-reported chronic conditions, with a prevalence ratio of 4.67 (95%CI: 3.19-6.83) for five or more self-reported NCDs. The current study emphasizes the importance of common mental disorders in chronically ill patients, particularly in those with more total chronic conditions.

scholarly journals Internal consistency of the self-reporting questionnaire-20 in occupational groups

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kionna Oliveira Bernardes Santos ◽  
Fernando Martins Carvalho ◽  
Tânia Maria de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
The Self ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Occupational Groups ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha ◽  
Homogeneity Assessment ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To assess the internal consistency of the measurements of the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) in different occupational groups. METHODS A validation study was conducted with data from four surveys with groups of workers, using similar methods. A total of 9,959 workers were studied. In all surveys, the common mental disorders were assessed via SRQ-20. The internal consistency considered the items belonging to dimensions extracted by tetrachoric factor analysis for each study. Item homogeneity assessment compared estimates of Cronbach’s alpha (KD-20), the alpha applied to a tetrachoric correlation matrix and stratified Cronbach’s alpha. RESULTS The SRQ-20 dimensions showed adequate values, considering the reference parameters. The internal consistency of the instrument items, assessed by stratified Cronbach’s alpha, was high (> 0.80) in the four studies. CONCLUSIONS The SRQ-20 showed good internal consistency in the professional categories evaluated. However, there is still a need for studies using alternative methods and additional information able to refine the accuracy of latent variable measurement instruments, as in the case of common mental disorders.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Stigma of Postpartum Common Mental Disorders in the Gurage Region of Ethiopia: A Mixed-Methods Observational Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Monaghan ◽  
Meseret Ayalew Akale ◽  
Bete Demeke ◽  
Gary L. Darmstadt
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Income Countries ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Healthcare Staff ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Objectives: Mental disorders are vastly underdiagnosed in low-income countries that disproportionately affect women. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of common mental disorders in newly postpartum women, and stigma associated with mental health reporting in an Ethiopian community using a validated World Health Organization survey.Methods: The Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) for psychological distress was administered in Amharic by nurses to 118 women aged 18–37 years who had given birth in the prior 3 months in the Glenn C. Olsen Memorial Primary Hospital in Yetebon. Mental health stigma among the four nursing staff was assessed using Link and Phelan's Components of Stigma.Results: Among 118 women surveyed, 18% had a probable common mental disorder using the SRQ 4/5 cutoff and 2% admitted to suicidal thoughts. Presence of stigma in the healthcare staff was verified, including labeling, stereotyping, separating, and status loss and discrimination.Conclusion: Postpartum mental health disorders as well as stigma against such diagnoses are common in the Yetebon community. There is an urgent need for increased availability of properly trained and supervised healthcare staff in the identification and referral of postpartum women with common mental disorders.

scholarly journals Common Mental Disorders and Contemporary Factors: 1982 Birth Cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenice de Castro Muniz de Quadros ◽  
Luciana de Avila Quevedo ◽  
Helen Denise Gonçalves ◽  
Bernardo Lessa Horta ◽  
Janaína Vieira dos Santos Motta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
And Control ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the association between common mental disorders and socio-demographic variables, smoking habits and stressful events among the 30-year-old members of a 1982 cohort. Method: Mental disorder was analyzed by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). Poisson regression was used to analyze the unadjusted and adjusted associations. Results: Low level of education and stressful events increased the prevalence of mental disorders for both genders. Lower income for women and unemployment for men also remained associated with CMD. Conclusion: It was possible to describe the association between contemporary factors and mental disorders in a young population, to which prevention and control measures, through public policies proposed to the areas of Primary Care, Mental Health and Education, can represent a better quality of life and health.

scholarly journals Impact of perinatal and repeated maternal common mental disorders on educational outcomes of primary school children in rural Ethiopia: population-based cohort study

BJPsych Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Habtamu Mekonnen ◽  
Girmay Medhin ◽  
Mark Tomlinson ◽  
Atalay Alem ◽  
Martin Prince ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Preschool Period ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Academic Year

Background There have been no studies from low- or middle-income countries to investigate the long-term impact of perinatal common mental disorders (CMD) on child educational outcomes. Aims To test the hypothesis that exposure to antenatal and postnatal maternal CMD would be associated independently with adverse child educational outcomes in a rural Ethiopian. Method A population-based birth cohort was established in 2005/2006. Inclusion criteria were: age between 15 and 49 years, ability to speak Amharic, in the third trimester of pregnancy and resident of the health demographic surveillance site. One antenatal and nine postnatal maternal CMD assessments were conducted using a self-reporting questionnaire, validated for the local use. Child educational outcomes were obtained from the mother at T1 (2013/2014 academic year; mean age 8.5 years) and from school records at T2 (2014/2015 academic year; mean age 9.3 years). Results Antenatal CMD (risk ratio (RR) = 1.06, 95% CI 1.05–1.07) and postnatal CMD (RR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.06–1.09) were significantly associated with child absenteeism at T2. Exposure to repeatedly high maternal CMD scores in the preschool period was not associated with absenteeism after adjusting for antenatal and postnatal CMD. Non-enrolment at T1 (odds ratio 0.75, 95% CI 0.62–0.92) was significantly but inversely associated with postnatal maternal CMD. There was no association between maternal CMD and child academic achievement or drop-out. Conclusions Our findings support the hypothesis of a critical period for exposure to maternal CMD for adverse child outcomes and indicate that programmes to enhance regular school attendance in low-income countries need to address perinatal maternal CMD. Declaration of interest None.

scholarly journals Detecting common mental disorders in primary care in India: a comparison of five screening questionnaires

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Patel ◽  
R. Araya ◽  
N. Chowdhary ◽  
M. King ◽  
B. Kirkwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Primary Care Settings ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Distress Scale

BackgroundScreening of patients for common mental disorders (CMDs) is needed in primary-care management programmes. This study aimed to compare the screening properties of five widely used questionnaires.MethodAdult attenders in five primary-care settings in India were recruited through systematic sampling. Four questionnaires were administered, in pairs, in random order to participants: the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ, 12 items); the Primary Health Questionnaire (PHQ, nine items); the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10, 10 items), and from which we could extract the score of the shorter 6-item K6; and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ, 20 items). All participants were interviewed with a structured lay diagnostic interview, the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R).ResultsComplete data were available for 598 participants (participation rate 99.3%). All five questionnaires showed moderate to high discriminating ability; the GHQ and SRQ showed the best results. All five showed moderate to high degrees of correlation with one another, the poorest being between the two shortest questionnaires, K6 and PHQ. All five had relatively good internal consistency. However, the positive predictive value (PPV) of the questionnaires compared with the diagnostic interview ranged from 51% to 77% at the optimal cut-off scores.ConclusionsThere is little difference in the ability of these questionnaires to identify cases accurately, but none showed high PPVs without a considerable compromise on sensitivity. Hence, the choice of an optimum cut-off score that yields the best balance between sensitivity and PPV may need to be tailored to individual settings, with a higher cut-off being recommended in resource-limited primary-care settings.

Prevalence and determinants of Common Mental Disorder among pregnant women In Debre Berhan town: Highland in Central Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kefyalew Dagne Gizachew ◽  
Gashaw Andargie Biks ◽  
Abate Dargie Wubetu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Debre Berhan ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Abstract Introduction: The high prevalence of antenatal mental disorders in Sub-Saharan African countries is poorly understood. Pregnancy and childbirth are gaining recognition as significant risk factors for the development and exacerbation of mental health problems. In low- and lower-middle income countries about one in six pregnant women are experiencing antenatal common mental disorders (CMD). Objective: To assess prevalence and associated factors of common mental disorders (CMD) among pregnant women in Debre Berhan town, North Showa Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2016. Methods: Community based cross-sectional study was employed among 569 participants. Data was collected using face-to-face interviews with Amharic version of Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) from seven selected kebeles. Kebeles were selected by simple random sampling and individuals were selected using cluster sampling. Crude and adjusted OR was analyzed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis and the level of significance for association was determined with 95% CI and at P- value < 0.05. Result: A total 557 study participants were completed the interview and the prevalence of antenatal common mental disorder was found to be 45.2%. Loss of loved one (AOR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.19–3.27), history of chronic medical illness (AOR = 6.57; 95% CI: 2.17–19.94), unwanted pregnancy (AOR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.15–3.95), nulliparity (AOR = 8.71; 95% CI: 1.58–47.94), one or less ANC consultations (AOR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.08–0.64), two-three ANC consultations (AOR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.11–0.83) and current obstetric complications (AOR = 4.45; 95% CI: 2.21–8.99) were important factors significantly associated with antenatal common mental disorder. Conclusion: The prevalence of antenatal common mental disorder (CMD) was high in this study that shows antenatal CMD is significant public health issue that requires a great emphasis. So, early screening and intervention for antenatal CMD should be integrated in primary health care and antenatal care service settings.

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