Longitudinal evaluation of fine motor deficits in children with leukemia

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 8559-8559
Author(s):  
M. J. Hockenberry ◽  
K. Krull ◽  
I. M. Moore ◽  
A. Pasvogel ◽  
M. Gregurich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Visual Motor Integration ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Visual Motor

8559 Background: Fine motor assessments are important tools to use in screening children undergoing treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) that may provide decisive data that can reveal subtle changes in neurodevelopment over time. Methods: Fine motor and visual-motor skills were assessed longitudinally in a group of 83 children receiving treatment for ALL. Children in this study had the first fine motor assessment at an average of 8 weeks into treatment and had already received several doses of Vincristine. Fine motor and visual-motor skills assessments were repeated at years 1 and 2 into therapy. The mean age at time of first assessment was 7.2 years and 58% were female. Results: Fine motor speed deficits were evident at the first assessment, and for many, continued to be problematic at Years 1 and 2. In addition to fine motor speed deficits, a significant decline in visual motor integration skills was noted from the baseline level (p = 0.019). Visual motor integration skills observed at Years 1 and 2 were predicted by the baseline performance on the Purdue Pegboard test. Our results indicate that the factors underlying these declines in higher-level skills begin within six months of the onset of chemotherapy. Conclusions: Early reductions in fine motor speed, possibly due to Vincristine, steroids and/or acute Methotrexate toxicity, may lead to reduced visual motor integration and construction abilities. The reduced fine motor skills, which predict eventual declines in visual motor integration, may be part of the underlying process for reduced perceptual abilities and nonverbal intellect often reported in long-term follow-up studies. For children with ALL, motor and sensory-perceptual examinations during treatment may identify those most at risk for significant long-term effects interfering with integration of visual spatial construction. These basic processing skills are necessary elements to the development of higher-level cognitive abilities, including nonverbal intelligence and academic achievement, particularly in arithmetic and written language. Early identification of reduced processing skills can provide an opportunity to identify at risk patients and intervene prior to reduction in these higher-level skills. Supported by NIH/NICHD RO-1 Funding: Grant number HD 37816 No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Assessing the Share of Impaired Visual Function, Fine Motor Coordination and Visual-motor Integration in Dyslexic Children with the Eta/Mu Model

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Carlo Aleci ◽  
Francesca Vai
Keyword(s):  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Motor Domain ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
First Order ◽  
Visual Motor Integration ◽  
Visual Motor

Aims: A computational model aimed to estimate the proportion of visual/motor deficits (first-order defects) and visual-motor abnormal integration (second-order defect) in dyslexic children is described. Study Design: Single-masked case-control study. Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Service of Neuro-Ophthalmology, University of Turin, between December 2017 and November 2018. Methodology: Twenty subjects (age 8-10) were administered a set of tests that recruit the visual and motor domain in different proportions. The score obtained in each trial is weighed by the correspondent share of visuoperceptive and motor recruitment. This way two indexes are obtained: Eta (h) and Mu (m), that quantify the expected and estimated damage of the two functions across the range of average performance. The difference between the expected and estimated level of damage in the two domains represents the quota of selective visuoperceptive / motor impairment of the subject. In turn, no or negligible difference in the presence of abnormal z-score would reveal impaired visual-motor integration with no evident visual or motor damage. Results: The model detected a prevalent first-order defect in the visuo perceptive or motor domain in 58% of the cases (visuo perceptive alteration: 27%, motor alteration: 73%), and a prevalent second-order defect in the remaining 42% of the subjects. Internal consistency was adequate for research and screening purpose (Cronbach’s coefficient alpha: from 0.77 to 0.84). Conclusion: The Eta/Mu model seems a promising tool to detect cases of visual and motor alteration as well as the level of visual-motor integration in dyslexic children. Further effort is needed to improve test-retest reliability by examining larger samples, so as to make it suitable to customize the rehabilitation program of children suffering from learning disabilities.

scholarly journals PERCEPTIVE-MOTOR SKILLS IN CHILDREN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
Adelisa Salkić ◽  
Milena Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Disabilities ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Academic Skills ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Research Review ◽  
Visual Motor Integration ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Children With Developmental Disabilities

Perceptual-motor skills (PMS) are very important for the functioning of children in general, including children with developmental disabilities, and enable a person to, based on the stimulus through movement it acts on the space that is surrounded. This paper aims to review the research of enriched knowledge of PMS of children with disabilities, which emphasized the importance of performing activities of everyday life and the acquisition of academic skills. The papers collected a search of electronic databases using the keywords: PMS, children with disabilities, visual perception, gross and fine motor skills, visual-motor coordination, visual-motor integration. Criteria for the selection of papers have been published in full and in the last 10 years. A total of 12 works met the criteria. The results of the research review showed that children with disabilities have a limitation in PMS, and showed that PMS differ separately from the type and degree of difficulty, but differences also exist within the same category of children with disabilities. Implementation of education and rehabilitation programs improves PMS. The results showed that there is a correlation between PMS and activities of everyday life and a correlation between visual perceptions and the acquisition of reading skills. It is important to point out that PMS can be practiced and it is important to implement incentive programs for children with disabilities, but also children at risk for some difficulty, to prevent possible difficulties that children may have in performing daily life activities and in acquiring academic skills. The results of the presented research should be considered concerning the limitations of the presented research, but also to the limitations of this research. Keywords: visual-motor integration, fine and gross motor skills, developmental difficulties

scholarly journals Who Benefits from An Intervention Program on Foundational Skills for Handwriting Addressed to Kindergarten Children and First Graders?

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livia Taverna ◽  
Marta Tremolada ◽  
Liliana Dozza ◽  
Renata Zanin Scaratti ◽  
Domahs Ulrike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
First Graders ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Visual Motor Integration ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

This study examined the effectiveness of a 10-wk intervention program based on occupational therapy principles on visual-motor integration skills and fine motor abilities in kindergartners and first graders. We recruited 55 students tested three times with the Visual-Motor Integration Test (VMI) and Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2): before the intervention (T1), post-intervention (T2) and one month later (T3). Research findings: Significant improvements were found on VMI between T1 and T2, particularly for kindergartners. Neither group of children demonstrated changes on manual dexterity scores. The present study showed that the intervention program led to different changes in the at-risk of motor impairment group than in the not at-risk children. Results indicated that games and stimulation activities helped children below the 16th percentile over time in the manual dexterity domain. A gender effect was observed, with female children increasing their abilities over time more than male peers. Future research should concentrate on stimulating fine motor skills in hand manipulation and test how these abilities influence graphomotor skills and handwriting over time. Finally, more research is needed to determine the impact of activities and games carried out in educational settings.

scholarly journals Visual Motor Integration in Children Aged 6 to 10 Years / Vizualno-motorička integracija kod djece u dobi od 6 do 10 godina

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonči Bavčević ◽  
Damir Bavčević ◽  
Ivana Bavčević
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
First Graders ◽  
Developmental Period ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Visual Motor Integration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Significant Point

The paper presents results of research on development of visual motor integration in children aged 6 to 10 years. Micromotor efficiency of graphomotor type was assessed by the use of a test for evaluation of visual motor integration (VMI). The obtained result showed continues progression in the field of graphomotor skills in children. Statistically significant point of increase of visual motor integration has been found between students from first and second grade, in both male and female subjects. The results also showed statistically significant difference in graphomotor skills between first graders in favour of female students. The findings imply significance of developmental period between 6 and 7 years in the process of visual motor integration in the field of graphomotor skills as a integrative part of ontogenetic development.Keywords: fine motor skills, graphomotor skills, primary education, ontogenetic developmentU radu su prezentirani rezultati istraživanja razvoja vizualno motorike integracije kod djece u dobi od 6 do 10 godina. Mikromotorička efikasnost grafo-motoričkog tipa procjenjena je uporabom testa za procjenu vizualno-motorike integracije (VMI). Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju kontinuirani napredak u polju grafo-motoričkih vjetina kod djece. Statistički značajana točka napretka u vizualno-motoričkoj integraciji pronađena je između učenika prvog i drugog razred i to kod učenika i učenica. Rezultati pokazuju statistički značajnu razliku u grafo-motoričkim vjetinama između učenika prvog razreda u korist učenica. Nalazi impliciraju značajnost razvojnog perioda između 6. i 7. godine u procesu vizualno-motoričke integracije u području grafo-motoričkih sposopnosti kao integrativnog dijela ontogenetskog razvoja.Ključne riječi: fine motoričk vjetine, grafomotoričke vjetine, primarna edukacij, ontogenetski razvoj

scholarly journals Visual–motor integration and fine motor skills at 6½ years of age and associations with neonatal brain volumes in children born extremely preterm in Sweden: a population-based cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e020478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Bolk ◽  
Nelly Padilla ◽  
Lea Forsman ◽  
Lina Broström ◽  
Kerstin Hellgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Fine Motor Skills ◽  
Neonatal Brain ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Visual Motor Integration ◽  
Morphometric Analyses ◽  
Extremely Preterm ◽  
Visual Motor

ObjectivesThis exploratory study aimed to investigate associations between neonatal brain volumes and visual–motor integration (VMI) and fine motor skills in children born extremely preterm (EPT) when they reached 6½ years of age.SettingProspective population-based cohort study in Stockholm, Sweden, during 3 years.ParticipantsAll children born before gestational age, 27 weeks, during 2004–2007 in Stockholm, without major morbidities and impairments, and who underwent MRI at term-equivalent age.Main outcome measuresBrain volumes were calculated using morphometric analyses in regions known to be involved in VMI and fine motor functions. VMI was assessed with The Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual–Motor Integration—sixth edition and fine motor skills were assessed with the manual dexterity subtest from the Movement Assessment Battery for Children—second edition, at 6½ years. Associations between the brain volumes and VMI and fine motor skills were evaluated using partial correlation, adjusted for total cerebral parenchyma and sex.ResultsOut of 107 children born at gestational age <27 weeks, 83 were assessed at 6½ years and 66/83 were without major brain lesions or cerebral palsy and included in the analyses. A representative subsample underwent morphometric analyses: automatic segmentation (n=34) and atlas-based segmentation (n=26). The precentral gyrus was associated with both VMI (r=0.54, P=0.007) and fine motor skills (r=0.54, P=0.01). Associations were also seen between fine motor skills and the volume of the cerebellum (r=0.42, P=0.02), brainstem (r=0.47, P=0.008) and grey matter (r=−0.38, P=0.04).ConclusionsNeonatal brain volumes in areas known to be involved in VMI and fine motor skills were associated with scores for these two functions when children born EPT without major brain lesions or cerebral palsy were evaluated at 6½ years of age. Establishing clear associations between early brain volume alterations and later VMI and/or fine motor skills could make early interventions possible.

Experimental Evaluation of Shared Control for Rehabilitation of Fine Motor Skills

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Govindarajan Srimathveeravalli ◽  
Venkatraghavan Gourishankar ◽  
Amrish Kumar ◽  
Thenkurussi Kesavadas
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
Shared Control ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Fine Motor Skills ◽  
Virtual Fixtures ◽  
Control Goal ◽  
Integration Test ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Complex Trajectories

We present the experimental results contrasting virtual fixtures (VFs) with a new shared control (SC) technique for rehabilitation of fine motor skills. The SC assistance algorithm used haptic attributes as the control goal. VF provided assistance based on trajectory. Shapes were chosen from the Visual Motor Integration test book and were used to train candidate’s nondominant hand, using samples recorded from their dominant hand. The results were analyzed using time, trajectory, forces, shape of trajectory, and haptic profiles as metrics. The results indicate that performance of VF and SC were comparable for simple trajectories and SC performed better for complex trajectories.

scholarly journals Visuo-motor integration, vision perception and attention in mTBI patients. Preliminary findings

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250598
Author(s):  
Mariagrazia Benassi ◽  
Davide Frattini ◽  
Sara Garofalo ◽  
Roberto Bolzani ◽  
Tony Pansell
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Motor Ability ◽  
Critical Flicker Fusion ◽  
Visuomotor Coordination ◽  
Form Recognition ◽  
Flicker Fusion

Patients with mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) often report difficulties in motor coordination and visuo-spatial attention. However, the consequences of mTBI on fine motor and visuo-motor coordination are still not well understood. We aimed to evaluate whether mTBI had a concomitant effect on fine motor ability and visuo-motor integration and whether this is related to visual perception and visuo-spatial attention impairments, including patients at different symptoms stage. Eleven mTBI patients (mean age 22.8 years) and ten healthy controls participated in the study. Visuo-motor integration of fine motor abilities and form recognition were measured with the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration test, motion perception was evaluated with motion coherence test, critical flicker fusion was measured with Pocket CFF tester. Visuo-spatial was assessed with the Ruff 2 & 7 Selection Attention Test. mTBI patients showed reduced visuo-motor integration, form recognition, and motor deficits as well as visuo-spatial attention impairment, while motion perception and critical flicker fusion were not impaired. These preliminary findings suggest that the temporary brain insults deriving from mTBI compromise fine motor skills, visuomotor integration, form recognition, and visuo-spatial attention. The impairment in visuo-motor coordination was associated with speed in visuo-attention and correlated with symptoms severity while motor ability was correlated with time since concussion. Given the strong correlation between visuomotor coordination and symptom severity, further investigation with a larger sample seems warranted. Since there appeared to be differences in motor skills with respect to symptom stage, further research is needed to investigate symptom profiles associated with visuomotor coordination and fine motor deficits in mTBI patients.

A-170 Socioeconomic Status as a Predictor of Fine Motor and Graphomotor Outcomes in Patients with Pediatric Brain Tumor

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1225-1225
Author(s):  
Viannae Carmona ◽  
Dianne Kong ◽  
Ashley M Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Brain Tumor ◽  
Pediatric Brain Tumor ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Visual Motor Integration ◽  
Visual Motor ◽  
Motor Dexterity ◽  
Motor Outcomes ◽  
Pediatric Brain

Abstract Objective As the field of neuropsychology strives to provide equitable care among diverse and disadvantaged populations, disparities in treatment and long-term outcomes continue to disproportionately impact individuals of lower socioeconomic status (SES). Motor deficits are common following pediatric brain tumor (PBT) diagnoses. However, while the relationship between SES and cognitive outcomes in this population is well documented, the role of SES in predicting more basic motor outcomes is not yet understood. This retrospective cross-sectional study was designed to determine the impact of SES on fine motor and graphomotor outcomes in PBT patients to ensure appropriate interventions and accommodations for those at higher risk. Method 225 patients with PBT (52.9% male; $ \overset{-}{\textrm{x}} $ age = 12 yrs; SD = 5.3 yrs) underwent neuropsychological evaluation, including assessment of graphomotor speed/coordination, visual-motor integration, and fine motor dexterity. Estimated median household income was used as a proxy for SES ($ \overset{-}{\textrm{x}} $=$71,543; SD = $23,480). Linear regression analyses were used to explore the role of SES in predicting motor outcomes. Results Lower SES predicted poorer graphomotor speed, F(1,96) = 5.205, p = 0.013, graphomotor coordination, F(1,60) = 3.890, p = 0.027, visual-motor integration, F(1,88) = 8.116, p = 0.003, and fine motor dexterity, F(1,166) = 3.755, p = 0.027. All analyses were significant even after implementing false discovery rates. Conclusions Consistent with lower SES predicting poorer cognitive late effects, SES also plays a role in motor-related outcomes of PBT. Unfortunately, lower SES is also associated with barriers in accessing formal evaluations and services required to mitigate such deficits. Therefore, patients with lower SES should be considered higher risk and receive interventions and accommodations even in the absence of formal assessment to prevent delays in care.

Pretreatment Neuropsychological Status and Associated Factors in Children with Primary Brain Tumors

Neurosurgery ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 887-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonnie Brookshire ◽  
Donna R. Copeland ◽  
Bartlett D. Moore ◽  
Joann Ater
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Primary Brain Tumors ◽  
Normal Limits ◽  
Neuropsychological Status ◽  
Motor Tests ◽  
Visual Motor

Abstract We report on the neuropsychological status of 31 children with primary brain tumors who underwent assessment before receiving therapy. Overall, the children performed within normal limits in all test areas. The exception was the group with anterior hemispheric tumors who demonstrated deficits in executive cognitive functions. Also, when compared according to tumor type, children with midline tumors and hydrocephalus performed more poorly than others on measures of intelligence, executive abilities, visual-motor skills, and fine-motor functions. Although one-half to two-thirds of the children with supratentorial midline and infratentorial tumors had cranial nerve, oculomotor, or cerebellar deficits, only the latter were associated with specific neuropsychological deficits (poorer performance on fine-motor and visual-motor tests). Age did not appear to be a factor in these children's neuropsychological test performances.

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