Cancer incidence and mortality in the Caribbean

21110 Background: Nearly 10% of immigrants to the United States come from the Caribbean region. In this paper, we analyzed incidence and mortality rates of the major cancers in the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, and Trinidad and Tobago, and compared them with US patterns. Methods: We obtained age-standardized, sex-specific cancer incidence and mortality rates for cancers of the bladder, breast, cervix, esophagus, large bowel, liver, lung, pancreas, prostate, and stomach for eight Caribbean countries and the US from the GLOBOCAN program of the International Agency for Research in Cancer (IARC) and for the US population from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program of the NCI. Results: GLOBOCAN incidence and mortality rates for the overall US were lower than but correlated with overall SEER rates. Based on GLOBOCAN data, the incidence and mortality rates of cancers of the breast, prostate, large bowel, and lung, and, among males, bladder cancer were lower in the Caribbean countries than the US. Caribbean countries had higher rates of cancers of the cervix, esophagus, liver, and stomach. Haiti had the highest incidence and mortality rates of cervix and liver cancers. Jamaica and Haiti had the highest rates of stomach cancer. Conclusions: Cancer incidence and mortality in the Caribbean generally follow known patterns of association with economic development, infectious agents, and racial/ethnic origin. Studying these patterns and how immigration changes them may yield clues to cancer etiology. A better understanding of cancer incidence and mortality rates may help health policymakers to implement state-of-the-art treatment and preventive services for people of Caribbean descent both in their native countries and in immigrant communities in the US. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Barbados, West Indies

Prostate Cancer ◽

10.1155/2011/565230 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Anselm J. M. Hennis ◽

Ian R. Hambleton ◽

Suh-Yuh Wu ◽

Desiree H.-A. Skeete ◽

Barbara Nemesure ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

African American ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

West Indies ◽

African American Men ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Prostate Cancer Incidence ◽

White American ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The Us

We describe prostate cancer incidence and mortality in Barbados, West Indies. We ascertained all histologically confirmed cases of prostate cancer during the period July 2002 to December 2008 and reviewed each death registration citing prostate cancer over a 14-year period commencing January 1995. There were 1101 new cases for an incidence rate of 160.4 (95% Confidence Interval: 151.0–170.2) per 100,000 standardized to the US population. Comparable rates in African-American and White American men were 248.2 (95% CI: 246.0–250.5) and 158.0 (95% CI: 157.5–158.6) per 100,000, respectively. Prostate cancer mortality rates in Barbados ranged from 63.2 to 101.6 per 100,000, compared to 51.1 to 78.8 per 100,000 among African Americans. Prostate cancer risks are lower in Caribbean-origin populations than previously believed, while mortality rates appeared to be higher than reported in African-American men. Studies in Caribbean populations may assist understanding of disparities among African-origin populations with shared heredity.

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Age-Standardized Mortality Rates in the Caribbean: One Source, Three Different Interpretations

Journal of Global Oncology ◽

10.1200/jgo.18.19000 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 26s-26s

Author(s):

Nicholas G. Wolf ◽

Camille Morgan ◽

John S. Flanigan

Keyword(s):

Cancer Mortality ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Virgin Islands ◽

International Agency ◽

World Population ◽

Us Virgin Islands ◽

The Caribbean ◽

Mortality Estimates

Abstract 74 Purpose A recent publication in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) provided the opportunity to calculate differences in published cancer mortality estimates for Caribbean jurisdictions from three organizations, MMWR, the International Agency for Research on Cancer, and the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. This comparison study serves to educate end users of these data. Methods We downloaded the publicly available cancer mortality estimates for 15 jurisdictions and the United States from the three organizations. We compared reported age-standardized mortality rates for each jurisdiction, and calculated the range among the estimates for each jurisdiction. We repeated this analysis after applying the same world population standard to all estimates. Results For males, ranges of Caribbean estimates were between 49% (Grenada and Trinidad) and 201% (US Virgin Islands) of the MMWR value, with an average of 88%. For females, ranges were between 15% (Trinidad) and 171% (US Virgin Islands) of the MMWR value, with an average of 64%. After all estimates were compared using the same population standard, ranges of Caribbean estimates for males were between 6% (Grenada) and 111% (US Virgin Islands) of the MMWR value, with an average of 34%. For females, ranges were between 7% (Grenada) and 97% (US Virgin Islands), with an average of 28%. Conclusion The use of different standard populations complicates comparisons across organizations. Data modeling does not completely compensate for the quality of source data, as our analysis has demonstrated by the differences in mortality rates despite the good quality of the vital registration in the Caribbean. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST No COIs from the authors.

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Surveillance of the Incidence and Mortality of Oral and Pharyngeal, Esophageal, and Lung Cancer in Nevada: Potential Implications of the Nevada Indoor Clean Air Act

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18157966 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (15) ◽

pp. 7966

Author(s):

Kevin Foote ◽

David Foote ◽

Karl Kingsley

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Lung Cancer ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Lung Cancer Incidence ◽

Annual Percent Change ◽

Smoking Restrictions ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The Us

Reviews of national and state-specific cancer registries have revealed differences in rates of oral, esophageal, and lung cancer incidence and mortality that have implications for public health research and policy. Many significant associations between these types of cancers and major risk factors, such as cigarette usage, may be influenced by public health policy such as smoking restrictions and bans—including the Nevada Clean Indoor Air Act (NCIAA) of 2006 (and subsequent modification in 2011). Although evaluation of general and regional advances in public policy have been previously evaluated, no recent studies have focused specifically on the changes to the epidemiology of oral and pharyngeal, esophageal, and lung cancer incidence and mortality in Nevada. Methods: Cancer incidence and mortality rate data were obtained from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (DCCPS) Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program. Most recently available rate changes in cancer incidence and mortality for Nevada included the years 2012–2016 and are age-adjusted to the year 2000 standard US population. This analysis revealed that the overall rates of incidence and mortality from these types of cancer in Nevada differs from that observed in the overall US population. For example, although the incidence rate of oral cancer is decreasing in the US overall (0.9%), it is stable in Nevada (0.0%). However, the incidence and mortality rates from esophageal cancer are also decreasing in the US (−1.1%, −1.2%, respectively), and are declining more rapidly in Nevada (−1.5%, −1.9%, respectively). Similarly, the incidence and mortality rates from lung are cancer are declining in the US (−2.5%, −2.4%, respectively) and are also declining more rapidly in Nevada (−3.2%, −3.1%, respectively). Analysis of previous epidemiologic data from Nevada (1999–2003) revealed the highest annual percent change (APC) in oral cancer incidence in the US was observed in Nevada (+4.6%), which corresponded with the highest APC in oral cancer mortality (+4.6%). Subsequent studies regarding reduced rates of cigarette use due to smoking restrictions and bans have suggested that follow up studies may reveal changes in the incidence and mortality rates of oral and other related cancers. This study analysis revealed that oral cancer incidence rates are no longer increasing in Nevada and that mortality rates have started to decline, although not as rapidly as the overall national rates. However, rapid decreases in both the incidence and mortality from esophageal and lung cancer were observed in Nevada, which strongly suggest the corresponding changes in oral cancer may be part of a larger epidemiologic shift resulting from improved public health policies that include indoor smoking restrictions and bans.

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Higher incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer in African-American women in Louisiana.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e17522 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e17522-e17522

Author(s):

Genevieve Folse Maronge ◽

Xiao-cheng Wu ◽

Vivien Chen ◽

Xiangrong Li ◽

Brian C. Boulmay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

African American Women ◽

Hpv Vaccine ◽

White Women ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Hospital System ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The Us

e17522 Background: Cervical cancer [CC] incidence in the United States has decreased over the last thirty years in black and white Americans, however it is recognized that black women [BW] have higher incidence and mortality rates than white women [WW]. We evaluated race-specific incidence of CC, mortality rates of CC, and HPV vaccine usage rates in Louisiana [LA] during the last decade, the state with the second highest proportion of black Americans in the United States [US]. Methods: Data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries were analyzed for trends in incidence and mortality rate [MR] in BW and WW in LA and the US. SEER 13 and SEER 18 data were used and standardized to the 2000 US population to estimate annual age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates. Results: The incidence of CC in WW in LA was 8.2 per 100,000 from 2006 to 2009, and 7.9 per 100,000 in WW in US. The incidence in BW in LA was 13.3 per 100,000, as compared to the US at 9.7 per 100,000, a 36% higher incidence in BW. The MR in WW in LA and the US was 2.4 and 2.2 per 100,000. The MR for BW in LA was 5.8 per 100,000 and the US was 4.3 per 100,000, a 37% higher incidence in BW. WW in LA and the US showed a peak in incidence between the ages of 35 and 45 from 2006 to 2009. The incidence in BW in LA peaked at 37.1 per 100,000 at age 85 and the incidence in BW in the US peaked at 25.6 per 100,000 at age 85. HPV vaccination rates for LA females ages 13-15 in 2008 and 2009 were 16.1% and 35.4%. Conclusions: BW in LA were twice as likely to be diagnosed with CC than WW with a higher MR. Though the incidence rate of CC is decreasing in WW and BW in the US and in WW in LA, it is increasing in BW in LA and continues to trend up throughout life in BW compared to WW. The high incidence of CC in BW in LA highlights the need to improve utilization of the HPV vaccine. A screening and treatment program targeting CC was implemented within the last decade in the LA public hospital system with the goal of reducing CC incidence and mortality.

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Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates and Trends in the United States and Canada

Public Health Reports ◽

10.1177/003335490411900211 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 119 (2) ◽

pp. 174-186 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

Kathleen McDavid ◽

Judy Lee ◽

John P. Fulton ◽

Jon Tonita ◽

Trevor D. Thompson

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

United States ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Prostate Cancer Incidence ◽

Incidence And Mortality

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Trends in cancer incidence and mortality rates in the United States from 1975 to 2016

Annals of Translational Medicine ◽

10.21037/atm-20-7841 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (24) ◽

pp. 1671-1671

Author(s):

Rong Yang ◽

Yuwei Zhou ◽

Yanli Wang ◽

Chengli Du ◽

Yihe Wu

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Incidence And Mortality

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Epidemiology of Multiple Myeloma in Spain: An Analytic Review.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v106.11.5089.5089 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 106 (11) ◽

pp. 5089-5089

Author(s):

A. Alegre ◽

F. Lara ◽

R. Gabriel ◽

B. Aguado ◽

L.M. Sánchez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Data Base ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

International Agency ◽

Base Number ◽

Years Of Life Lost ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Analytic Review

Abstract Introduction: Justification and Objectives There are little epidemiologic data about Myeloma Multiple in Spain. The heterogeneity and complexity of this pathology, and the several sociodemographic factors, justify the interest of this type of studies. On the other hand, this disease needs a high assignement of welfare and therapeutic resources, and besides new strategies have arisen for its treatment. The Spanish Leukaemia and Lymphoma Foundation (FLL)has analyzed the actual situation of Myeloma Multiple in Spain, compiling several epidemiologic and welfare parameters about the disease in a Multiple Myeloma “White Book” for Spain. Patients and Methods The period of analysis was 10 years, from 1.991 to 2.001. The information was compiled from a Hospital Based Survey about MM and the following official sources: International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC): “Cancer incidence in Five continents” and “Incidence and Mortaliity for Cancer In Spain, Patterns and Tendences” Data Base of EUCAN and GLOBOCAN (Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence Worldwide) EUROCARE III study, (IARC Cancer Base Number 5, Lyon, IARCPress). “Natural Changes of Population and Demography. Spanish National Statistic Institute (INE) and National Spanish Center for Epidemiology (CNE.) Official Records for Mortality Rates by MM in Spain in Spanish Regions (CCAA) (death records Demograhy Records of INE). INE Hospital Case Rate Inquest. CMBD Data Base of Department of Health (Inmunoproliferative Neoplasm and Multiple Myeloma, CIE-9 Diagnosis Code: 203.0)The indicators used were: Deaths number, median of age, proportional mortality, mortality rates, mortality rates adjusted by age, gender and potential years of life lost due to multiple myeloma, (item 203 of ICD-10, OMS) during the last ten years in Spain. Results The incidence rates of MM, adjusted to the European population were: 3,54 cases by 100.000/year for men and 2,54 cases by 100.000/year for women. The global incidence rate were 4,44 cases by 100.000/year for men and 4,22 cases by 100.000/year for women. These rates were similar in all geographic regions. Performed predictions show a prevalence increase during the following five years, which means more than 2.400 cases in men and more than 2.100 in women MM cases per year. Regarding mortality, rates, myeloma is a very slightly frequent cause of death: 3.23 cases by 100.000/years of men and 2.3 cases of women. A whole an increase of mortality of 45.2 per cent was observed for the period of time between 1992 and 2001. Comments and Conclusions The MM incidence and mortality rates in Spain for this period were lower than expected in comparison with other European epidemiology studies. Nevertheless we observed that the MM mortality and prevalence rates present a continuous and uniform increment in the last years. Part of these increases can be due to the incorporation of new technologies, more sensitive for diagnosis, and to the increase of aging of the population. Furthermore certain occupational and chemical exposures and other environmental changes could explain these trends.

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Major changes in breast cancer incidence in the United States over the period 2002 to 2004

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.1533 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽

pp. 1533-1533

Author(s):

P. Ravdin ◽

K. A. Cronin ◽

N. Howlader ◽

C. D. Berg ◽

E. J. Feuer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

United States ◽

Estrogen Receptor ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Breast Cancer Incidence ◽

The United States ◽

Incidence Data ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

The Us ◽

The Impact

1533 Background: We have recently reported that a steep decrease in the incidence of breast cancer occurred in the United States in 2003 relative to 2002 (BCRT 100: S5, 2006). This decrease was most evident in patients older than 50, and largely occurred because of a decrease in the incidence of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. This decrease occurred after the report in 2002 of the results of first of the Women s Health Initiative trials of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT). This publication showed that use of a combined estrogen/progestin combination was associated with increased risk of breast cancer and heart disease and led to an immediate and substantial decrease in the use of HT in the US. Dramatic shifts in breast cancer incidence are unusual, and provide unique opportunities to test models that have been developed to explain trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality. We have been engaged in modeling trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality, in collaborative effects such as the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network (CISNET), to understand these and other processes (NEJM 353:1784–1792,2005). These models have practical implications for understanding the impact of changes in risk factors, use of prevention strategies, screening, and treatment of breast cancer. Methods: SEER public use incidence data from 1990 to the end of 2003 will be updated with information from the release in the spring of 2007 of incidence data for 2004. We will analyze the full data set through 2004 and report on the trends in incidence of breast cancer in the population as a whole and by subsets (such as age, estrogen receptor status, stage etc). We will also use the most recent and detailed data about HT use and screening mammography during this period as part of modeling. Results: We are awaiting SEER data from 2004 which will be released by April of 2007. Conclusions: Our first SEER based multi-year analysis of breast cancer incidence following the change in HT use in the US will be presented. Modeling of these trends in incidence will be discussed in the context of understanding the role of various contributors to the change in breast cancer incidence and what insights on the evolution of preclinical disease might be possible. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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