Factors and trends in cancer screening in the United States from 2004 to 2010.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1565-1565
Author(s):  
Thanyanan Reungwetwattana ◽  
Julian R. Molina ◽  
Jeanette Y. Ziegenfuss
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Screenings ◽  
The Us ◽  
Race Ethnicity

1565 Background: Understanding the prevalence of cancer screening in the US and the factors associated with its accessibility is important for public health promotion. Methods: The 2004 and 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Systems were used to ascertain cancer screening rates among populations indicated for each test by age, gender, and the American Cancer Society recommendation for cancer screenings [fecal occult blood test (FOBT) or endoscopy for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, digital rectal examination (DRE) or prostate specific antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer screening, clinical breast examination (CBE) or mammogram for breast cancer screening, and Papanicolaou (Pap) test for cervical cancer screening]. Results: Over this period, CRC and breast cancer screening rates significantly increased (15.9%, 13.9%) while prostate and cervical cancer screening rates significantly decreased (1.2%, 5.2%). Race/ethnicity might be an influence in CRC and cervical cancer screening accessibility. Prostate cancer screening accessibility might be influenced by education and income. The older-aged populations (70-79, >79) had high prevalence of CRC, prostate and breast cancer screenings even though there is insufficient evidence for the benefits and harms of screenings in the older-aged group. Conclusions: The disparities in age, race/ethnicity, health insurance, education, employment, and income for the accession to cancer screening of the US population have decreased since 2004. The trajectory of increasing rates of CRC and breast cancer screenings should be maintained. To reverse the trend, the causes of the decreased rate of cervical cancer screening and the high rates of screenings in older-aged populations should, however, be further explored. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Accuracy of Self-report for Cervical and Breast Cancer Screening: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Anderson ◽  
Donald S. Bourne ◽  
Kim A. Peterson ◽  
Katherine M. Mackey
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
System Level

Abstract Background: Guideline-based breast and cervical cancer screenings are fundamental components of high-quality preventive women’s health care services. Accurate measurement of screening rates is vital to ensure all women are adequately screened. Our systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide an updated synthesis of the evidence on the accuracy of self-reported measures of cervical and breast cancer screening compared to medical records. Methods: To identify studies, we searched MEDLINE®, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and other sources up to July 2019. Two reviewers sequentially selected studies, abstracted data, and assessed internal validity and strength of the evidence. Adjusted summary numbers for sensitivity and specificity were calculated using a bivariate random-effects meta-analysis. Results: Unscreened women tended to over-report screening among 39 included studies examining the accuracy of self-report for cervical and/or breast cancer screening. The specificity of self-report was 48% (95% CI 41 to 56) for cervical cancer screening and 61% (95% CI 53 to 69) for breast cancer screening while the sensitivity of self-report was much higher at 96% (95% CI 94 to 97) for cervical cancer screening and 96% (95% CI 95 to 98). We have moderate confidence in these findings, as they come from a large number of studies directly assessing the accuracy of self-report compared to medical records and are consistent with findings from a previous meta-analysis. Conclusions: Unscreened women tend to over-report cervical and breast cancer screening, while screened women more accurately report their screening. Future research should focus on assessing the impact of over-reporting on clinical and system-level outcomes.

Reduction from 2011 to 2017 in adherence to breast cancer screening and non-improvement in the uptake of cervical cancer screening among women living in Spain

Maturitas ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose J. Zamorano-Leon ◽  
Ana López-de-Andres ◽  
Ana Álvarez-González ◽  
Paloma Astasio-Arbiza ◽  
Antonio J. López-Farré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening

scholarly journals Factors associated with and socioeconomic inequalities in breast and cervical cancer screening among women aged 15–64 years in Botswana

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255581
Author(s):  
Mpho Keetile ◽  
Kagiso Ndlovu ◽  
Gobopamang Letamo ◽  
Mpho Disang ◽  
Sanni Yaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Breast And Cervical Cancer

Background The most commonly diagnosed cancers among women are breast and cervical cancers, with cervical cancer being a relatively bigger problem in low and middle income countries (LMICs) than breast cancer. Methods The main aim of this study was to asses factors associated with and socioeconomic inequalities in breast and cervical cancer screening among women aged 15–64 years in Botswana. This study is part of the broad study on Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases in Botswana conducted (NCD survey) in 2016. The NCD survey was conducted across 3 cities and towns, 15 urban villages and 15 rural areas of Botswana. The survey collected information on several NCDs and risk factors including cervical and breast cancer screening. The survey adopted a multistage sampling design and a sample of 1178 participants (males and females) aged 15 years and above was selected in both urban and rural areas of Botswana. For this study, a sub-sample of 813 women aged 15–64 years was selected and included in the analysis. The inequality analysis was conducted using decomposition analysis using ADePT software version 6. Logistic regression models were used to show the association between socioeconomic variables and cervical and breast cancer screening using SPSS version 25. All comparisons were considered statistically significant at 5%. Results Overall, 6% and 62% of women reported that they were screened for breast and cervical cancer, respectively. Women in the poorest (AOR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.06–0.45) and poorer (AOR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.14–0.96) wealth quintiles were less likely to report cervical cancer screening compared to women in the richest wealth quintile. Similarly, for breast cancer, the odds of screening were found to be low among women in the poorest (AOR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.06–0.68) and the poorer (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.13–0.81)) wealth quintiles. Concentration indices (CI) showed that cervical (CI = 0.2443) and breast cancer (CI = 0.3975) screening were more concentrated among women with high SES than women with low SES. Wealth status was observed to be the leading contributor to socioeconomic inequality observed for both cervical and breast cancer screening. Conclusions Findings in this study indicate the need for concerted efforts to address the health care needs of the poor in order to reduce cervical and breast cancer screening inequalities.

Physician initiated cancer screening discussions and patient intention to engage in screening behavior

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1528-1528
Author(s):  
S. W. Gray ◽  
N. Wong ◽  
B. Kelly ◽  
A. Romantan ◽  
S. Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Information Acquisition ◽  
Prostate Cancer Screening ◽  
The Past ◽  
Screening Intentions ◽  
Breast And Prostate Cancer ◽  
The Impact

1528 Background: Cancer screening for colon, breast, and prostate cancer remains underutilized. Physician (MD)-patient discussions of screening are common but the impact of these discussions is unknown. Methods: 2489 40–70 year old subjects completed a national survey of cancer prevention information acquisition and decision making (median age 53, 49% male, 77% white, 59% married, 61% some college). Subjects reported whether their MD initiated discussions (MDID) about colonoscopy, mammography, & PSA within the past year. Age eligible subjects were “non-routine screeners” (NRS: never screened or colonoscopy >10 yrs, mammography >2 yrs or PSA>2 yrs prior) or “routine screeners” (RS).The endpoint was intention to screen when next eligible. Results: 46%, 75% and 60% of subjects reported intentions to obtain colonoscopy, mammography and/or PSA. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between MDID and intentions to screen controlling for sociodemographics and recency of screening. For colonoscopy and mammography, MDID was significantly associated with intention to screen for NRS but not RS groups; the opposite was true for PSA. For the NRS group: comparing those saying no versus yes to MDID, intentions were 15% vs. 43% for colonoscopy, 29% to 61% for mammography (RS: 85% vs. 91% and 82% vs. 85%). For PSA, NRS: 46% vs.52% but RS group 65% vs. 85%. All interactions (screening by MDID) were significant, p<.001. Conclusions: Given high intentions to undergo colon and breast cancer screening among patients who have been screened routinely, physician discussion preferentially increases intentions for colon and breast cancer screening among patients who are not routinely undergoing the screening test. Conversely, physician discussion preferentially influences prostate cancer screening intentions among patients who have been screened in the past two years- perhaps because men who have not undergone screening are more resolved in their decision not to screen. These results define subgroups of patients where physician attention may have the greatest impact on screening adherence. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Breast and cervical cancer screening disparities among transgender patients.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7024-7024
Author(s):  
Oluwadamilola Temilade Oladeru ◽  
Sung Jun Ma ◽  
Joseph Miccio ◽  
Katy Wang ◽  
Kristopher Attwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Care Physician ◽  
Weighted Estimate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breast And Cervical Cancer

7024 Background: Over a million Americans identify themselves as transgender and this population is growing. Transgender status was a pre-existing condition prior to the Affordable Care Act (ACA), and transgender individuals faced unique disparities in gender-specific cancer screening in part due to discrimination in health insurance coverage. Modern literature for transgender adults’ adherence to cancer screening is limited. To fill this knowledge gap, we conducted a cross sectional study to investigate transgender individuals’ self-reported adherence to cancer screening and access to primary care compared to cisgender individuals. Methods: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System database was queried for transgender (either male-to-female [MTF] or female-to-male [FTM]) and cisgender adults from 2014-2016 and 2018. Primary endpoints were adherence to breast and cervical cancer screening guidelines and access to primary health care. Those with prior hysterectomy, breast and cervical cancer were excluded. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association of transgender status with cancer screening and healthcare access, after adjusting for demographic characteristics and survey weights. Results: A total of 219,665 and 206,446 participants were eligible for breast and cervical cancer screening, respectively. Of those, 614 (0.28%) and 587 (0.29%) transgender participants were eligible for each cancer screening type, respectively, representing a weighted estimate of nearly 200,000 transgender participants total. When compared to cisgender counterparts, transgender participants were less likely to adhere to breast cancer screening (FTM: OR 0.47, p < 0.001; MTF: OR 0.04, p < 0.001) and to have received any breast cancer screening (FTM: OR 0.32, p < 0.001; MTF: OR 0.02, p < 0.001). Similarly, FTM participants were less likely to adhere to cervical cancer screening (OR 0.42, p < 0.001) and to have received any cervical cancer screening (OR 0.26, p < 0.001). In addition, transgender participants were more likely to have no primary care physician (FTM: OR 0.79, p < 0.001; MTF: OR 0.58, p < 0.001) and to be unable to see a physician when needed within the past year due to medical cost (FTM: OR 1.44, p < 0.001; MTF: OR 1.36, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Despite the implementation of the ACA, limited primary care access and poor adherence to breast and cervical cancer screening are evident for transgender populations. Further research efforts to improve the utilization of preventive cancer services are needed for this underserved population.

Cancer Screening Among Current and Former U.S. Military Personnel Compared to Civilians: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Weygandt ◽  
Kristyn Robling ◽  
Liza-Ann Whitaker ◽  
Kristen McPherson ◽  
Micah Hartwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cancer Screenings ◽  
Military Service Members

ABSTRACT Introduction Approximately 3% of invasive U.S. cancer diagnoses are made among veterans in a Veterans Affairs (VA) clinic each year, while VA patients only comprise about 1.9% of the U.S. population. Although some research has shown that veterans have higher incidence rates of cancer compared to civilians, evidence is sparse regarding possible disparities in rates of cancer screening between these populations. Thus, the purpose of this study is to compare differences in rates of screening for colorectal, lung, breast, and cervical cancers between current and former U.S. Military service members and civilians. Methods Using the data extracted from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we assessed the rates of cancer screening among current and former U.S. Military service members compared to civilians from self-reported surveys assessing when individuals had been screened for colorectal or lung cancer among all participants and breast and cervical cancer among women participants. Persons greater than 25 years of age were included in the cervical cancer screening, 50 years of age for colon cancer screening, and 40 years of age for the breast cancer screening—the latter based on recommendations from the American Cancer Society. We used multivariate logistic regression models to determine the adjusted risk ratios (ARRs) of current and former U.S. Military service members receiving screening compared to civilians, adjusting for age, gender, race, education, and health care coverage. Results Current and former U.S. Military service members accounted for 2.6% of individuals included for the cervical cancer screening analysis, 2.2% for the breast cancer screening analyses, nearly 10% of the lung cancer screening, and 15% of the colorectal cancer (CRC) screening analyses. Prevalence of screening was higher for current and former U.S. Military service members among lung cancer and CRC. When controlling for age, race, education, and health care coverage, current and former U.S. Military service members were statistically more likely to be screened for CRC (ARR: 1.05; 95% confidence interval: 1.04–1.07) and lung cancer (ARR: 1.32; 95% confidence interval: 1.15–1.52). The odds of having completed a cervical or breast cancer screening were not significantly different between groups. Conclusion Our study showed that current and former U.S. Military service members were more likely to complete CRC and lung cancer screenings, while no significant difference existed between each population with regard to cervical and breast cancer screenings. This is one of the few studies that have directly compared cancer screening usage among civilians and current and former U.S. Military service members. Although current and former U.S. Military service members were more likely to receive several cancer screenings, improvements can still be made to remove barriers and increase screening usage due to the disproportionate rates of cancer mortality in this population. These solutions should be comprehensive—addressing personal, organizational, and societal barriers—to improve prognosis and survival rates among current and former U.S. Military service members.

scholarly journals The role of pre-invasive disease in overdiagnosis: A microsimulation study comparing mass screening for breast cancer and cervical cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 210-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula A van Luijt ◽  
Kirsten Rozemeijer ◽  
Steffie K Naber ◽  
Eveline AM Heijnsdijk ◽  
Joost van Rosmalen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Cervical Cancer Screening ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Invasive Treatment ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Objective Although early detection of cancer through screening can prevent cancer deaths, a drawback of screening is overdiagnosis. Overdiagnosis has been much debated in breast cancer screening, but less so in cervical cancer screening. We examined the impact of overdiagnosis by comparing two screening programmes in the Netherlands. Methods We estimated overdiagnosis rates by microsimulation for breast cancer screening and cervical cancer screening, using a cohort of women born in 1982 with lifelong follow-up. Overdiagnosis estimates were made analogous to two definitions formed by the UK 2012 breast screening review. Pre-invasive disease was included in both definitions. Results Screening prevented 921 cervical cancers (−55%) and 378 cervical cancer deaths (−59%), and 169 (−1.3%) breast cancer cases and 970 breast cancer deaths (−21%). The cervical cancer overdiagnosis rate was 74.8% (including pre-invasive disease). Breast cancer overdiagnosis was estimated at 2.5% (including pre-invasive disease). For women of all ages in breast cancer screening, an excess of 207 diagnoses/100,000 women was found, compared with an excess of 3999 diagnoses/100,000 women in cervical cancer screening. Conclusions For breast cancer, the frequency of overdiagnosis in screening is relatively low, but consequences are evident. For cervical cancer, the frequency of overdiagnosis in screening is high, because of detection of pre-invasive disease, but the consequences per case are relatively small due to less invasive treatment. This illustrates that it is necessary to present overdiagnosis in relation to disease stage and consequences.

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