Tumor IGF-1 expression as a predictive biomarker for IGF1R-directed therapy in advanced pancreatic cancer (APC).
4054 Background: IGF-1 up-regulates PC proliferation and invasiveness through activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and down-regulates PTEN. We investigated IGF-1 expression in tissue and blood as potential predictive markers in phase II study of IGF1R-directed monoclonal antibody, MK-0646 in APC. Prior phase I established the MTD of MK0646 at 5 mg/kg with gemcitabine (G) and erlotinib (E) and 10 mg/kg with G alone. Methods: Patients (pts) with stage IV, previously untreated APC, ECOG PS 0-1, adequate hematologic and organ function were enrolled. Arm A: G 1,000 mg/m2 over 100 min, weekly x 3, MK-0646 weekly x 4; Arm B: G 1000 mg/m2 and MK-0646 + E 100 mg daily. Arm C (control) was G 1,000 mg/m2 + E 100 mg. Cycles were repeated every 4 weeks. Pts were equally randomized in the 3 arms. Primary study objective was progression-free survival (PFS). Pre-treatment peripheral blood samples were measured for IGF-1 level by ELISA; archival core biopsies were analyzed for IGF-1 mRNA expression. RNA extraction from FFPE samples used Roche Transcriptor First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit. TaqMan PreAmp technique was used to amplify target cDNA prior to TaqMan RT-PCR analysis. Cox proportional hazards model for PFS analyzed the interaction between tissue IGF-1 expression and treatment. Results: 50 pts were enrolled (A=15, B=16,C=16 pts, 3 ineligible). Median PFS of arms A, B and C were 5.5 months (95% CI: 3.9 – NA), 3.0 months (95% CI:1.8 – 5.6) and 2.0 months (95% CI: 1.8 – NA), respectively (log-rank test; p = 0.17). Median OS of A was 11.3 months (95% CI: 8.9 – NA), B 8.9 months (95% CI: 5.3 – NA) and C 5.7 months (95% CI: 2.0 – NA) (log-rank test; p = 0.44). 35 archival core biopsies were analyzed, 21 had adequate tissue for analysis. Using a Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model for PFS, where IGF-1 was dichotomized at the median, there was a 76% reduction in the risk of disease progression or death in arm A as compared with the control (arm C) at high IGF-1 level (p = 0.16). When IGF-1 was fitted as a continuous variable, this reduction was 96% (p = 0.08). There was no correlation between tissue and serum IGF-1. Conclusions: Tissue expression of IGF-1 level may represent a promising predictive biomarker for IGF1R-directed therapy in APC.