Digital versus screen film mammography: Impact on positive predictive values following transition.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (27_suppl) ◽  
pp. 12-12
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Roy ◽  
David Motiuk ◽  
Paul Burrowes ◽  
Bobbie Docktor
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference

12 Background: The Calgary Health Region changed from screen film mammography (SFM) to digital mammography (DM) in 2005. This retrospective study was designed to determine the effect of this conversion on positive predictive values (PPV) for cancerous and precancerous breast lesions. Methods: In the Calgary region, biopsies for mammographic calcifications are only done at Foothills Medical Centre (FMC) by a small group of mammographers employing homogeneous techniques. From FMC’s database, we reviewed core biopsy data for mammographic calcifications in the years 2002-2004 (SFM years) and 2008-2010 (DM years). Mammographic masses were excluded. We determined PPVs for each set of years for detection of cancerous lesions (PPV3for calcifications). We further calculated the PPVs of SFM and DM for detection of high-risk lesions, including ADH, ALH, LCIS, and papilloma collectively (precancerous lesions). The detection rates of benign lesions (excluding precancerous lesions) after biopsy were also determined. Statistical analysis was performed using two-tail z-tests. Results: 3,778 biopsies in 3,544 patients were reviewed. The difference in overall detection rate of cancer after biopsy for mammographic calcification between SFM (PPV3 = 24.7%) and DM (PPV3 = 23.8%) was not statistically significant (p = .53). On further analysis, the PPV for precancerous lesions increased (p < .0001) in DM (11.6%) versus SFM (7.8%). No significant difference (p = .065) was found in detection of benign lesions. Conclusions: In comparing DM to SFM, we found no significant change in PPV3 with respect to calcifications. However, with DM, there was a statistically significant increase in detection of lesions considered at risk for future malignancy. Given that the natural history of these premalignant lesions is incompletely understood, the significance of this finding is in question. This potential trend could be further strengthened by determining PPV1for cancerous and precancerous lesions with respect to calcifications. [Table: see text]

Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma

1996 ◽  
Vol 37 (1P1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bartolozzi ◽  
R. Lencioni ◽  
D. Caramella ◽  
A. Palla ◽  
A. M. Bassi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Small Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nodular Lesions ◽  
The Difference

Twenty-two patients with 37 small (3 cm or less) nodular lesions of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were examined with ultrasonography (US), CT, MR imaging, digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and CT following intraarterial injection of Lipiodol (Lipiodol-CT). All patients subsequently underwent surgery, and the gold standard was provided by intraoperative US. The detection rate was 70% for US, 65% for CT, 62% for MR imaging, 73% for DSA, and 86% for Lipiodol-CT. A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed between the detection rate of Lipiodol-CT and the detection rates of all the other imaging modalities. The difference was even more manifest (p<0.02) when only lesions smaller than or equal to 1 cm were considered. It is concluded that Lipiodol-CT is the single most sensitive examination to detect small nodules of HCC. It should therefore be considered a mandatory step in the preoperative evaluation of patients with HCC considered to be surgical candidates after noninvasive imaging studies.

scholarly journals MRI-directed biopsy for primary detection of prostate cancer in a population of 223 men: MRI In-Bore vs MRI-transrectal ultrasound fusion-targeted techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Del Monte ◽  
Stefano Cipollari ◽  
Francesco Del Giudice ◽  
Martina Pecoraro ◽  
Marco Bicchetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Focal Therapy ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Median Percentage ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Biopsy Core ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Squared

Objectives: To compare the detection rates of overall prostate cancer (PCa) and clinically significant PCa (csPCa) and the median percentage of cancer per biopsy core between MRI-guided In-bore and MRI-TRUS fusion-targeted biopsy (TBx). Methods: In this retrospective study, 223 patients who underwent prostate multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) and subsequent MR-directed biopsy were included. For PCa and csPCa detection rate (DR), contingency tables were tested via the Pearson’s chi-squared to explore the variance of the outcome distribution. The percentage of cancer per biopsy core was tested with a two-tailed Mann-Withney test. Results: One hundred and seventeen and 106 patients underwent MRI-TRUS fusion or MRI In-bore TBx, respectively. 402 MRI biopsy targets were identified, of which 206 (51.2%) were biopsied with the MRI-TRUS TBx and 196 (48.8%) with the MRI In-bore TBx technique. Per-patient PCa and csPCa detection rates were 140/223 (62.8%) and 97/223 (43.5%), respectively. PCa-DR was 73/117 (62.4%) and 67/106 (63.2%) for MRI-TRUS and MRI In-Bore TBx (p = 0.9), while csPCa detection rate reached 50/117 (42.7%) and 47/106 (44.3%), respectively (p = 0.81). The median per-patient percentage of malignant tissue within biopsy cores was 50% (IQR: 27–65%) for PCa and 60% (IQR: 35–68%) for csPCa, with a statistically significant difference between the techniques. Conclusion No statistically significant difference in the detection rate of MRI In-bore and MRI-TRUS fusion TBx was found. MRI In-bore TBx showed higher per-core percentage of malignant cells. Advances in knowledge MRI In-bore biopsy might impact risk stratification and patient management considering the higher per-core percentage of malignant cells, especially for patients eligible for active surveillance or focal therapy.

scholarly journals Detection of SFTS Virus RNA and Total Antibodies in Wild Animals, Jiangsu, China, 2014-2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyi Liang ◽  
Zhifeng Li ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Xiaochen Wang ◽  
Jianli Hu
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Severe Fever ◽  
Antibodies Detection

Abstract Background Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a novel infectious disease caused by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). Currently, SFTS is endemic to some areas in China, and wild animals are considered to play important roles in the circulation of SFTSV in the environment. Wild animals monitoring for SFTSV has been fulfilled since 2014 in Jiangsu Province. We studied the results of the detection to provide basic data for better diagnosis of wild animals. Methods This research was conducted in Jiangsu Province from 2014 to 2019. Sera of wild animals (Rodents, pheasants and hedgehogs) were collected to detect SFTSV both RNA and total antibodies by qRT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 25.0 (Chicago, IL, USA).Results A total of 95.8% (1298/1355) of the specimens had the same SFTSV RNA and total antibodies detection results. However, there was a significant difference between the detection rates of SFTSV RNA and total antibodies, and the detection consistency was very poor. The detection rate of SFTSV total antibodies was highest in hedgehogs(19.54%).Conclusions SFTSV total antibodies testing was preferred method during wild animals surveillance. Also, hedgehog could be a competent reservoir for SFTSV.

scholarly journals Dosimetry and Comparison between Different CT Protocols (Low Dose, Ultralow Dose, and Conventional CT) for Lung Nodules’ Detection in a Phantom

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Cleverson Alex Leitão ◽  
Gabriel Lucca de Oliveira Salvador ◽  
Priscilla Tazoniero ◽  
Danny Warszawiak ◽  
Cristian Saievicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Detection Rate ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Lung Nodule ◽  
Lung Nodules ◽  
Ultralow Dose ◽  
Thermoluminescent Dosimeters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nodule Detection ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Conventional Ct

Background. The effects of dose reduction in lung nodule detection need better understanding. Purpose. To compare the detection rate of simulated lung nodules in a chest phantom using different computed tomography protocols, low dose (LD), ultralow dose (ULD), and conventional (CCT), and to quantify their respective amount of radiation. Materials and Methods. A chest phantom containing 93 simulated lung nodules was scanned using five different protocols: ULD (80 kVp/30 mA), LD A (120 kVp/20 mA), LD B (100 kVp/30 mA), LD C (120 kVp/30 mA), and CCT (120 kVp/automatic mA). Four chest radiologists analyzed a selected image from each protocol and registered in diagrams the nodules they detected. Kruskal–Wallis and McNemar’s tests were performed to determine the difference in nodule detection. Equivalent doses were estimated by placing thermoluminescent dosimeters on the surface and inside the phantom. Results. There was no significant difference in lung nodules’ detection when comparing ULD and LD protocols ( p = 0.208 to p = 1.000 ), but there was a significant difference when comparing each one of those against CCT ( p < 0.001 ). The detection rate of nodules with CT attenuation values lower than −600 HU was also different when comparing all protocols against CCT ( p < 0.001 to p = 0.007 ). There was at least moderate agreement between observers in all protocols (κ-value >0.41). Equivalent dose values ranged from 0.5 to 9 mSv. Conclusion. There is no significant difference in simulated lung nodules’ detection when comparing ULD and LD protocols, but both differ from CCT, especially when considering lower-attenuating nodules.

scholarly journals Comparison of heart rate recovery between normotensive young adults with and without a parental history of hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Satyajit Bagudai ◽  
Hari Prasad Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Heart Rate Recovery ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Recovery Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: Studies have reported that off springs of hypertensive parents are more likely to develop hypertension. Affection of target organ starts even before the diagnosis of hypertension. Autonomic dysfunction may be the initial cardiac effects in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Till now very few studies have been done to find the early outcomes in the cardiac autonomic functions in the normotensive siblings of hypertensive patients. Heart rate recovery after exercise is a useful marker for cardiac autonomic function. Since the etio-pathogenesis of hypertension is expected to affect the autonomic cardiovascular parameters even before the prehypertensive stage, the following study was carried out to analyze the heart rate recovery, in the descendent non- hypertensive young adults with and without parental history of hypertension. Aim and objective: This research study was aimed to study the quantify and compare the difference (if any) of heart rate recovery in response to 3minute step test between non hypertensive children of non- hypertensive and hypertensive parents within an age group of 18-22 years. Material &Methods: A total of 63 normotensive students were divided into one hypertensive parents(HP) group containing students with parental history of hypertension) and one non hypertensive parents group (NHP) having students without parental history of hypertension). Each student was subjected to 3 minute Master step test. Recordings of heart rate were made before and after exercise. Heart rate recovery index (HRRI) of 1minute (HRRI1), as well as in 2, 3 and 4 minute (HRRI2, HRRI3, HRRI4) were calculated and analyzed. Results: The resting (basal) heart rate as well as 1st minute heart rate recovery index (HRRI1) was not significantly different in the two groups. Likewise, the 2nd minute (HRRI2), 3rd minute (HRRI3), and 4th minute HRRI (HRR4) respectively were also not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is no significant difference in heart rate recovery among non-hypertensive young adults, with and without parental history of hypertension.

scholarly journals Comparison of Defined Course Doses (DCDvet) for Blanket and Selective Antimicrobial Dry Cow Therapy on Conventional and Organic Farms

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clair Firth ◽  
Annemarie Käsbohrer ◽  
Christa Egger-Danner ◽  
Klemens Fuchs ◽  
Beate Pinior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Health ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Organic Farms ◽  
Controversial Subject ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference

Antimicrobial use in livestock production is a controversial subject. While antimicrobials should be used as little as possible, it is still necessary, from both an animal health and welfare point of view, to treat infected animals. The study presented here aimed to analyse antimicrobial use on Austrian dairy farms by calculating the number of Defined Course Doses (DCDvet) administered per cow and year for dry cow therapy. Antimicrobial use was analysed by production system and whether farmers stated that they used blanket dry cow therapy (i.e., all cows in the herd were treated) or selective dry cow therapy (i.e., only cows with a positive bacteriological culture or current/recent history of udder disease were treated). A statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was determined between antimicrobial use for blanket (median DCDvet/cow/year: 0.88) and selective dry cow therapy (median DCDvet/cow/year: 0.41). The difference between antimicrobial use on conventional and organic farms for dry cow therapy as a whole, however, was not statistically significant (p = 0.22) (median DCDvet/cow/year: 0.68 for conventional; 0.53 for organic farms). This analysis demonstrates that selective dry cow therapy leads to a lower overall use of antimicrobials and can assist in a more prudent use of antimicrobials on dairy farms.

scholarly journals Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) Pleuropneumoniae: Use of Coagglutination and Complement Fixation to Determine the Relationship between Presence of Organism and Antibody Titer in Slaughterhouse Pigs

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine J. Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Complement Fixation ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Conventional Culture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Threshold ◽  
Standard Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference

The conventional culture method was compared to coagglutination for detection of Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) pleuropneumoniae in 425 sets of pig lungs. Sera from the same animals were evaluated for antibodies to A. pleuropneumoniae by the complement fixation (CF) test. All samples were collected at 2 packing plants in Iowa. In 2 nonvaccinated herds with no history of respiratory disease, the difference between standard culture results and coagglutination was highly significant ( P < 0.001). None of the 57 pigs in this group were positive for A. pleuropneumoniae by conventional culture, but 7 were positive by the coagglutination test. There were 15 animals with CF titers between 1:8 and 1:32. Animals from 6 herds vaccinated for A. pleuropneumoniae and without recent respiratory problems were evaluated. One out of 118 animals tested was positive for A. pleuropneumoniae by standard culture as compared to 9 positive by coagglutination. The difference in positive results between culture and coagglutination was highly significant ( P < 0.001). Twenty-eight animals had CF titers to A. pleuropneumoniae (1:4 to ≥ 1: 128). Two hundred fifty lungs and sera samples were collected from 7 herds which had recently experienced varying degrees of respiratory disease. Thirty-nine lungs were positive for A. pleuropneumoniae by culture and 182 were positive by coagglutination. The number of positives detected by coagglutination was significantly different ( P < 0.001) from the number positive by culture. There were 172 animals with antibody titers ranging from suspect to ≥ 1:128. There were significantly fewer positive animals detected by standard culture than with the CF test ( P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between coagglutination results and CF titers when a titer of 1:4 was used as the positive threshold.

scholarly journals Prevalence of c-myc expression in breast lesions associated with microcalcifications detected by routine mammography

2009 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Coimbra Mazzini ◽  
Simone Elias ◽  
Afonso Celso Pinto Nazário ◽  
Cláudio Kemp ◽  
Ângela Flávia Logullo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Percutaneous Biopsy ◽  
Screening Mammography ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Premalignant Lesions ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Malignant Lesions

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Genetic abnormalities in cell proliferation-regulating genes have been described in premalignant lesions. The aims here were to evaluate c-myc protein expression in non-palpable breast lesions associated with microcalcifications, detected by screening mammography, and to compare these results with histopathological, clinical and epidemiological variables. DESIGN AND SETTING: Analytical cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection, in a university hospital in São Paulo. METHODS: Seventy-nine female patients who underwent routine mammography between 1998 and 2004 were studied. Lesions classified by the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) as 4 or 5 underwent percutaneous biopsy using a large-core needle. Ninety-eight lesions were studied anatomopathologically. Paraffin blocks properly representing the lesions were selected for immunohistochemical analyses using the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase technique with monoclonal mouse c-myc antibodies. RESULTS: Among the 98 lesions, 29 (29.6%) contained malignant neoplasia; 40 (40.8%) had a positive immunohistochemical reaction for c-myc. When the groups were divided between lesions without atypias versus atypical lesions plus malignant lesions, 31.03% of the 58 lesions without atypias were positive for c-myc and 55% of the 40 malignant and atypical lesions (P = 0.018). Comparing the atypical lesions with ductal carcinoma in situ versus the benign lesions without atypias, c-myc was present in 51.61% of the 31 atypical lesions and 31.03% of the benign lesions without atypias (P = 0.057). CONCLUSION: C-myc protein was more frequently expressed in atypical and malignant lesions than in benign lesions without atypias. C-myc expression correlated with the presence of atypias (P = 0.018).

scholarly journals 3D versus 2D Systematic Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy: Higher Cancer Detection Rate in Clinical Practice

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Peltier ◽  
Fouad Aoun ◽  
Fouad El-Khoury ◽  
Eric Hawaux ◽  
Ksenija Limani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Cancer Detection Rate ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives. To compare prostate cancer detection rates of extended 2D versus 3D biopsies and to further assess the clinical impact of this method in day-to-day practice.Methods. We analyzed the data of a cohort of 220 consecutive patients with no prior history of prostate cancer who underwent an initial prostate biopsy in daily practice due to an abnormal PSA and/or DRE using, respectively, the classical 2D and the new 3D systems. All the biopsies were done by a single experienced operator using the same standardized protocol.Results. There was no significant difference in terms of age, total PSA, or prostate volume between the two groups. However, cancer detection rate was significantly higher using the 3D versus the 2D system, 50% versus 34% (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference while comparing the 2 groups in term of nonsignificant cancer detection.Conclusion. There is reasonable evidence demonstrating the superiority of the 3D-guided biopsies in detecting prostate cancers that would have been missed using the 2D extended protocol.

Digital mammography in a screening programme and its implications for pathology: a comparative study

2010 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Feeley ◽  
Donal Kiernan ◽  
Therese Mooney ◽  
Fidelma Flanagan ◽  
Gormlaith Hargaden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Digital Mammography ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Recall Rate ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Cancer Detection Rate ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Predictive Values

AimsMost studies comparing full-field digital mammography (FFDM) with conventional screen-film mammography (SFM) have been radiology-based. The pathological implications of FFDM have received little attention in the literature, especially in the context of screening programmes. The primary objective of this retrospective study is to compare FFDM with SFM in a population-based screening programme with regard to a number of pathological parameters.MethodsDuring the study period, 107 818 women underwent screening mammograms with almost equal numbers obtained with each technique (49.9% with SFM vs 50.1% with FFDM). We compared SFM with FFDM using the following parameters: recall rate, diagnostic core biopsy rate, cancer detection rates, B3 rate, B4 rate, preoperative diagnostic rate for malignancy, positive predictive values and tumour characteristics.ResultsThe recall rate was significantly higher with FFDM (4.21% vs 3.52%, p<0.0001). The overall cancer detection rate of 7.2 per 1000 women screened with FFDM was also significantly higher than the rate of 6.2 per 1000 women screened with SFM (p=0.04). The B3 rate in the SFM group was 1.3 per 1000 women screened versus 2.5 per 1000 women screened in the FFDM group (p<0.001). The recall rate and cancer detection rates (overall, invasive and pure ductal carcinoma in situ) were all significantly higher with FFDM for lesions presenting as microcalcifications.ConclusionsThe higher cancer detection rate with FFDM in this study was due to improved detection of microcalcifications. However, this was achieved at the cost of a higher recall rate and a higher B3 rate, indicating that overtreatment may be problematic with digital mammography.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document