Validation of hepatectomy for elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
380 Background: Hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its outcomes in the elderly population have yet to be defined. We aimed to validate our current strategy to determine surgical indication regardless of age. Methods: A single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted for 104 patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC from 2005 to 2010. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to age; i.e. <75 years (non-elderly cohort; n=82) and ≥75 years (elderly cohort; n=22), and short-/long-term results were compared. Results: In the elderly cohort, the prevalence of ECOG performance status 1 preoperatively (p<0.001) and HCV or non-HBV/non-HCV were higher than in the non-elderly cohort (p=0.04). Otherwise, patient/tumor characteristics were comparable between the 2 groups. The elderly cohort suffered postoperative complications more frequently (42% vs. non-elderly, 16%, p=0.01) but the length of hospital stay was equivalent. Ninety-day mortality occurred in 1 case each (elderly, respiratory failure; non-elderly, liver failure; p=0.38). During a median follow-up period of 47 months, unadjusted 5-year disease-free and overall survivals were comparable per log-rank comparison (elderly, 25% and 80% vs. non-elderly, 33% and 79%, p=0.96 and 1.00, respectively). Cox univariate analyses on recurrent HCC showed hypertension, Child-Pugh grade B, tumor size, recurrent/multiple tumors, preoperative alpha-fetoprotein level, moderate/poor differentiation, portal invasion, intrahepatic metastases, and positive margins to have p values <0.20. After adjustment, the hazard ratio of recurrent HCC at 5 years in the elderly cohort was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.40-1.91; p=0.74). Tumor size, alpha-fetoprotein level, and intrahepatic metastases emerged as independent predictors of diminished 5-year disease-free survival in the entire cohort. Conclusions: Although postoperative complications develop more frequently, hepatectomy in the elderly patients affords comparable short- and long-term prognoses to the non-elderly patients. Surgical strategy for HCC should be based on tumor factors and hepatic reserve and not by age alone. Perioperative management needs to be individualized according to coexisting disorders.