Kinin system of blood plasma as pathogenesis factor in brain tumors.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13542-e13542
Author(s):  
Larisa Kozlova ◽  
Elena Mikhaylovna Frantsiyants ◽  
Lyudmila Dmitriyevna Tkalya ◽  
Eduard Evgenevich Rostorguev ◽  
Dmitriy P. Atmachidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Kinin System ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumors ◽  
Neoplastic Processes ◽  
Double Beam ◽  
Student’S T

e13542 Background: The kallikrein-kinin system (KKS) does not only perform its adaptive-regulatory function; it is confirmed to be involved into pathology, neoplastic processes in particular. Our purpose was to study the kallikrein family (KLKs), pro-KLKs and carboxypeptidase N (CPN) in the blood plasma of patients with benign and malignant brain tumors. Methods: We studied citrated blood plasma of 164 patients with brain neoplasms: 37 meningiomas (M), 74 primary glioblastomas (G) and 53 brain metastases (MTS) from breast cancer. The kinetics of KKS enzymatic reactions was determined in the blood plasma before treatment using the U-2900 UV Solutions double-beam spectrophotometer (USA). The results were compared to the values in 39 healthy donors (N). The data were processed using the Statistica 10 program. The significance of differences was determined by Student's t-test. Results: Activity of KLKs in the blood plasma in patients with M exceeded N by 1.3 times (p≤0.05), in G – by 3.9 times, in MTS – by 5.1 times. Levels of pro-KLKs in M were lower than in N by 1.6 times, and in G and MTS they were similar to N. CPN activity in M was decreased compared to N by 3.1 times; in G and MTS it did not differ significantly from N. The pro-KLKs/KLKs coefficient in patients with M was lower than in N by 2 times, in G – by 3.7 times, and in MTS – by 5.1 times. Activity of KLKs in G and MTS was 3 and 4 times higher, respectively, than in M (p < 0.001). It supposed realization of effects of KLKs and produced bradykinin on cells, blood enzymes and microvessel walls in malignant brain tumors to a greater extent than in benign ones. Conclusions: Activation of KKS in the blood plasma in malignant brain tumors is more intense than in benign tumors, it directly and indirectly influences cell migration, increases capillary permeability and causes an imbalance in the related enzyme systems becoming a pathogenesis factor.

Ensuring the most effective strategy for cancer treatment of patients with brain tumors.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14000-e14000
Author(s):  
Elena A. Sheiko ◽  
Elena M. Frantsiyants ◽  
Eduard E. Rostorguev ◽  
Irina V. Kaplieva ◽  
Valeria A. Bandovkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Plastic Tube ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumors

e14000 Background: The purpose of the study was to analyze changes in the total activity of trypsin-like proteinases (TLPs) in the blood plasma in patients with brain tumors for the preoperative differential diagnosis of benign, primary and secondary malignant brain tumors. Methods: TLPs were measured in 164 patients with brain tumors. The blood had been collected from the patients in a standard plastic tube with 3.8% sodium citrate (9:1) 3 days prior to the surgery. Citrate blood was centrifuged; citrated plasma was obtained and used to determine the total TLP activity by the unified kinetic method. Results were compared with the data in donors. Results: TLP activity in 37 (22.6%) of 164 patients was within the normal range (258–402 IU/mL, on the average 333.0±27.1 IU/mL). Benign brain tumors (meningioma) were diagnosed in all 37 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. In 74 (45.1%) of 164 patients, TLP activity was within 1158–1626 IU/mL (on the average 1331.0±102.4 IU/mL, p < 0.05), i.e. 3.8-5.3 times higher than the norm in donors (malignancy coefficient on average 4.4±0.3 times). Primary malignant brain tumors (glioblastoma) were diagnosed in all 74 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. In 53 (32.3%) of 164 patients, TLP activity was within 1794–2868 IU/mL (on the average 2227.0±174.1 IU/mL, p < 0.05), i.e. 5.9-9.4 times higher than the norm in donors (malignancy coefficient on average 7.3±0.5 times). Secondary malignant brain tumors (metastases) were diagnosed in all 53 patients after the tumor removal and histological analysis. Conclusions: The specificity of the proposed method for the differential diagnosis of brain tumors was very high: for benign tumors - 97.2%, for primary malignant tumors - 98.6% and for secondary malignant tumors - 98.1%. So, TLP activity indices in the blood plasma are an informative auxiliary laboratory test that will help in clarifying and/or confirming the differential diagnosis of brain tumors.

Blood trypsin proteinases as a new additional test in differential diagnosis of brain tumors.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13543-e13543
Author(s):  
Larisa Kozlova ◽  
Elena Mikhaylovna Frantsiyants ◽  
Lyudmila Dmitriyevna Tkalya ◽  
Eduard Evgenevich Rostorguev ◽  
Dmitriy P. Atmachidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Additional Test ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Double Beam ◽  
The Brain

e13543 Background: Activation of trypsin-type proteinases in cancer is a proven fact. Activity of enzymes synthesized and secreted by a malignant tumor is generally not controlled by endogenous inhibitors. Benign tumors do not come into metabolic conflict with the carrier body, at least prior to their possible malignant transformation. The purpose of the study was to analyze changes in activity of trypsin proteinases (ATP) in the blood plasma of patients to determine possible application of the parameter as an additional test in the differential diagnosis of brain tumors. Methods: The blood plasma of 164 patients was studied: 37 benign brain tumors, 74 primary glioblastomas (G) and 53 brain metastases (MTS) from breast cancer. ATP was determined before treatment using the U-2900 UV Solutions double-beam spectrophotometer (USA). The results were compared to the values in 39 healthy donors (N). The data were processed using the Statistica 10 program. Results: ATP did not differ from N in 37 of 164 patients (22.6%). After removal of the brain tumors, histological examination of surgical material showed benign brain tumors in all 37 cases. ATP in 74 of 164 patients (45.1%) exceeded N by 3.8-5.3 times (on average 4.4±0.3). Histological examination after removal of the brain tumors showed primary G in all 74 cases. ATP was 5.9-9.4 times higher than N (on average 7.3±0.5) in 53 of 164 patients (32.3%). Histological examination after removal of the brain tumors showed MTS in all 53 cases. Conclusions: ATP value similar to N indicates a benign tumor. ATP increase by 3.8-5.3 times shows the presence of a primary malignant tumor. ATP increase by 5.9-9.4 times supposes MTS.

scholarly journals Differences between antioxidant defense parameters and specific trace element concentrations in healthy, benign, and malignant brain tissues

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Borković-Mitić ◽  
Aleksandar Stojsavljević ◽  
Ljiljana Vujotić ◽  
Siniša Matić ◽  
Bojan Mitić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Brain Tissues

AbstractThere are only a few reports examining the impact of oxidative stress in patients with benign and malignant brain tumors. In this study we investigated whether there are changes in antioxidant system (AOS) parameters and key trace elements between control, benign and malignant brain tissues. The study also aimed to examine correlations between the analyzed parameters. The study enrolled both types of brain tumors, benign tumors (BT) and malignant tumors (MT). The results were compared with control tissue (CT) without tumor infiltration collected from patients with BT. The following antioxidant parameters were determined: activities of total, manganese-containing, and copper/zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (TotSOD, MnSOD and CuZnSOD), activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase and acetylcholine esterase (AChE), the concentrations of glutathione and sulfhydryl groups and of manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se). BT and MT had altered activities/levels of multiple AOS parameters as compared to CT, indicating that tumor cells had an altered cell metabolism and changes in AOS represent adaptive response to increased oxidative stress. Low MnSOD and AChE and high GST activities were significant for distinguishing between MT and CT. Malignant tissue was also characterized by lower Mn and Cu concentrations relative to CT and BT. Principal Component Analysis clearly discriminated BT from CT and MT (PC1, 66.97%), while PC2 clearly discriminated CT from BT and MT (33.03%). Most correlative relationships were associated with Se in the BT group and Cu in the MT group. The results of this study reveal differences between the AOS parameters and the essential trace elements between the analyzed groups. The observed dysregulations show that oxidative stress could have an important role in disrupting brain homeostasis and its presence in the pathogenesis of benign and malignant brain tumors.

LOCAL HYPERTHERMIA IN TREATMENT FOR MALIGNANT BRAIN TUMORS

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
A. Ryabova ◽  
O. Gribova ◽  
V. Novikov ◽  
E. Choinzonov ◽  
Zh. Starceva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Local Hyperthermia ◽  
Malignant Brain Tumors ◽  
Sensitizing Effect ◽  
Methods Of Treatment

Unsatisfactory results of complex treatment for malignant brain tumors stimulate search of new effective methods of treatment. Radiation therapy is an integral part of the combined treatment but often does not influence lethally on resistant tumor cells. Thereby in recent decades there has been an active search for different modifiers, which can increase the sensitivity of tumors to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. One of the universal sensitizers is the local hyperthermia. Experimental data showed that the effect of high temperatures had both a direct damaging effect on tumor cells and a sensitizing effect. The literature review given in the article provides an overview of the existing methods of the local hyperthermia for brain tumors treatment.

Radiotherapy for Brain Tumors: Current Practice and Future Directions

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-195
Author(s):  
Sarah Baker ◽  
Natalie Logie ◽  
Kim Paulson ◽  
Adele Duimering ◽  
Albert Murtha
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Brain Parenchyma ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
High Level

Radiotherapy is an important component of the treatment for primary and metastatic brain tumors. Due to the close proximity of critical structures and normal brain parenchyma, Central Nervous System (CNS) radiotherapy is associated with adverse effects such as neurocognitive deficits, which must be weighed against the benefit of improved tumor control. Advanced radiotherapy technology may help to mitigate toxicity risks, although there is a paucity of high-level evidence to support its use. Recent advances have been made in the treatment for gliomas, meningiomas, benign tumors, and metastases, although outcomes remain poor for many high grade tumors. This review highlights recent developments in CNS radiotherapy, discusses common treatment toxicities, critically reviews advanced radiotherapy technologies, and highlights promising treatment strategies to improve clinical outcomes in the future.

scholarly journals Digital Lesions in Dogs: A Statistical Breed Analysis of 2912 Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Julia Maria Grassinger ◽  
Andreas Floren ◽  
Tobias Müller ◽  
Argiñe Cerezo-Echevarria ◽  
Christoph Beitzinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tumors ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Routine Diagnostics ◽  
Mast Cell Tumors ◽  
Neoplastic Processes ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Tumor Like Lesions ◽  
Labrador Retrievers

Breed predispositions to canine digital neoplasms are well known. However, there is currently no statistical analysis identifying the least affected breeds. To this end, 2912 canine amputated digits submitted from 2014–2019 to the Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG for routine diagnostics were statistically analyzed. The study population consisted of 155 different breeds (most common: 634 Mongrels, 411 Schnauzers, 197 Labrador Retrievers, 93 Golden Retrievers). Non-neoplastic processes were present in 1246 (43%), tumor-like lesions in 138 (5%), and neoplasms in 1528 cases (52%). Benign tumors (n = 335) were characterized by 217 subungual keratoacanthomas, 36 histiocytomas, 35 plasmacytomas, 16 papillomas, 12 melanocytomas, 9 sebaceous gland tumors, 6 lipomas, and 4 bone tumors. Malignant neoplasms (n = 1193) included 758 squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), 196 malignant melanomas (MM), 76 soft tissue sarcomas, 52 mast cell tumors, 37 non-specified sarcomas, 29 anaplastic neoplasms, 24 carcinomas, 20 bone tumors, and 1 histiocytic sarcoma. Predisposed breeds for SCC included the Schnauzer (log OR = 2.61), Briard (log OR = 1.78), Rottweiler (log OR = 1.54), Poodle (log OR = 1.40), and Dachshund (log OR = 1.30). Jack Russell Terriers (log OR = −2.95) were significantly less affected by SCC than Mongrels. Acral MM were significantly more frequent in Rottweilers (log OR = 1.88) and Labrador Retrievers (log OR = 1.09). In contrast, Dachshunds (log OR = −2.17), Jack Russell Terriers (log OR = −1.88), and Rhodesian Ridgebacks (log OR = −1.88) were rarely affected. This contrasted with the well-known predisposition of Dachshunds and Rhodesian Ridgebacks to oral and cutaneous melanocytic neoplasms. Further studies are needed to explain the underlying reasons for breed predisposition or “resistance” to the development of specific acral tumors and/or other sites.

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