scholarly journals Cancer Mortality Patterns in Tanzania: A Retrospective Hospital-Based Study, 2006-2015

2020 ◽  
pp. 224-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel P. Lyimo ◽  
Susan F. Rumisha ◽  
Irene R. Mremi ◽  
Chacha D. Mangu ◽  
Coleman Kishamawe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities

PURPOSE This retrospective study sought to determine the type, burden, and pattern of cancer deaths in public hospitals in Tanzania from 2006 to 2015. METHODS This study analyzed data on cancer mortality in 39 hospitals in Tanzania. Data on the age and sex of the deceased and type of cancer were extracted from hospital death registers and report forms. Cancer types were grouped according to the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases. Age-standardized mortality rates and cancer mortality patterns were analyzed. A χ2 test was used to examine the association between common cancers and selected covariates. RESULTS A total of 12,621 cancer-related deaths occurred during the 10-year period, which translates to an age-standardized hospital-based mortality rate of 47.8 per 100,000 population. Overall, the number of deaths was notably higher (56.5%) among individuals in the 15- to 59-year-old age category and disproportionately higher among females than males ( P = .0017). Cancers of the cervix, esophagus, and liver were the 3 major causes of death across all study hospitals in Tanzania. Cancers of the cervix, esophagus, and liver were the largest contributors to mortality burden among females. Among males, cancers of the esophagus, liver, and prostate were the leading cause of mortality. CONCLUSION There is an increasing trend in cancer mortality over recent years in Tanzania, which differs with respect to age, sex, and geographic zones. These findings provide a basis for additional studies to ascertain incidence rates and survival probabilities, and highlight the need to strengthen awareness campaigns for early detection, access to care, and improved diagnostic capabilities.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Liver Cancer in Isfahan Province, Iran

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Tolou Ghamari ◽  
Farhad Tadayon ◽  
Hamid Mazdak
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Period Prevalence ◽  
Isfahan Province ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Virus Exposure ◽  
The Mean

Background: Liver cancer remains to grow worldwide. We aimed to describe the period prevalence (PP) and incidence rates (Irs) for liver cancer in Isfahan Province that is located in the center of Iran and ranked as the third province in terms of population.Methods: Information related to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results; (SEER) was collected from the Isfahan Cancer Registry. Period prevalence (PP) was calculated per 100,000 people. The cancer sites studied were defined according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-O; Third Edition) and recorded by topography code (C22).Result: Among all registered liver cancer patients, 57% of the 920 cases were male. The mean age of the patients was 65.9 ± 16.8 years. Reported age in 13% of the patients was less than 50 years and as high as 84% were in between 50 to 90 years. With a total PP of 18.5 per 100,000 people, this value was 24.4% higher in males when compared to females (16.8 vs. 20.9). In the previous years, incidences were 3.9 (2011-2012), 5.3 (2012-2013), 4.9 (2013-2014) and 4.2 (2014-2015) per 100,000 people. There were 89% reported deaths among the total population.Conclusion: The PP for liver cancer in male population was approximately 24.4% higher than females. There was a 7.7% increase in the Irs over the study period. Further study toward estimation of the proportion of the causes of liver cancer and deaths due to infection of hepatitis B and C virus, exposure to aflatoxin, alcohol drinking and smoking seem to be advantageous. Therefore, the plan of healthcare system should focus on greater effort toward strategic evidence-based pharmacotherapy in Isfahan province/Iran.

scholarly journals Addressing the Gaps in Post-Stroke Sexual Activity Rehabilitation: Patient Perspectives

Healthcare ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Prior ◽  
Nicole Reeves ◽  
Gregory Peterson ◽  
Linda Jaffray ◽  
Steven Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Activity Information

Sexual dysfunction is common but often under-recognised or neglected after stroke. This study sought to identify the existing methods for providing information and discussion on post-stroke sexual activity, and perceived gaps from the patient perspective. A sample of 1265 participants who had been admitted to any of the four major public hospitals in Tasmania, Australia, with stroke (International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) group B70) were mailed a survey assessing their experiences with, and opinions about, receipt of post-stroke sexual activity education. One hundred and eighty-three participants (14.5%) responded; of these, 65% were male and the mean age was 69.1 years. The results indicated that, whilst over 30% or participants wanted to receive information related to post-stroke sexual activity, only a small proportion of participants (8.2%) had received this. In terms of the method of receiving this information, participants preferred to receive this from a doctor in a private discussion with or without their partner present. The delivery of post-stroke sexual activity information and education is inconsistent and fails to meet patient needs within major Tasmanian hospitals, highlighting the importance of developing sound, routine, post-stroke education and information processes.

Epidemiology and Medication Pattern Change of Psoriatic Diseases in Taiwan from 2000 to 2013: A Nationwide, Population-based Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Cheng-Chung Wei ◽  
Lin-Hong Shi ◽  
Jing-Yang Huang ◽  
Xue-Fen Wu ◽  
Rui Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Classification Code ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Taiwan National Health Insurance

Objective.To analyze the trend of prevalence and incidence rates for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and psoriasis in Taiwan, and to determine the changes in medication patterns.Methods.Data were collected from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, which covered at least 95% of the population from 2000 to 2013. International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition (ICD-9) was used to identify PsA (ICD-9 696.0) and other psoriasis (ICD-9 696.1). Medications were identified by Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification code. We calculated the annual age standardized prevalence and incidence rate of PsA and psoriasis in individuals aged ≥ 16 years from 2000 to 2013, and used the Poisson regression to test the trends by Wald chi-square statistic.Results.The prevalence (per 100,000 population) of psoriatic diseases between 2000 and 2013 increased from 11.12 to 37.75 for PsA, and from 179.2 to 281.5 for psoriasis. The incidence (per 100,000 person-yrs) increased from 3.64 to 6.91 in PsA, while there was no significant change in psoriasis. Prevalence and incidence in PsA were more rapidly increased than in psoriasis. Sex ratio (men to women) of PsA decreased from 2.0 to 1.5 in 2000 and 2013, respectively. There was an increase in the use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD), especially biologics, which is significantly different from topical therapies.Conclusion.The prevalence and incidence rates of psoriatic disease, especially PsA, were increasing in Taiwan. The medication pattern showed an increase in DMARD and biologics, while use of topical therapies decreased.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal perforations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in Sweden: a nationwide cohort study

RMD Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. e001201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Barbulescu ◽  
Bénédicte Delcoigne ◽  
Johan Askling ◽  
Thomas Frisell
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Population Controls ◽  
Necrosis Factor

ObjectivesTo compare incidence rates of gastrointestinal (GI) perforations between patients with RA and the general population, and between patients treated with tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) and non-TNFi biologics.MethodsIn this nationwide cohort study, a total of 63 532 patients with RA, with 26 050 biological treatment episodes (TNFi, rituximab, abatacept or tocilizumab) and 76 304 general population controls, were followed between 2009 and 2017 until the first outcome event. The main outcome was hospitalisation or death due to lower GI perforations, identified according to a prespecified list of ICD-10 (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision) codes. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was used for adjustment.ResultsThe sex-standardised and age-standardised incidence rates of lower GI perforations were 1.1 (95% CI 1.0 to 1.3) events per 1000 person-years among general population controls, 1.6 (1.5–1.7) among bionaïve patients and ranged from 1.8 (1.4–3.6) (TNFi) to 4.5 (2.7–10.4) (tocilizumab) among biologics-treated patients. After adjustment for glucocorticoid use, the risk in bionaïve, TNFi-treated, abatacept-treated or rituximab-treated patients with RA was no longer different from the general population, while for tocilizumab it remained significantly higher. Comparing tocilizumab to TNFi, the adjusted HR for lower GI perforations was 2.2 (1.3–3.8), corresponding to one additional GI perforation per 451 patient-years treated with tocilizumab instead of TNFi.ConclusionTocilizumab was associated with a higher risk of lower GI perforations compared with alternative biologics. In absolute numbers, the risk remained low on all biologics commonly used to treat RA, but the accumulated evidence across settings and outcome definitions supports that this risk should be considered in treatment guidelines for RA.

scholarly journals Environmental assessment of the territories on the example of municipalities of the Smolensk region

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-183
Author(s):  
Vladimir Tikunov ◽  
Tamara Vatlina
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Population Group ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Model Research ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Goals And Objectives ◽  
Observation Period

The article discusses approaches to assessing the health status of children on the example of a model research region—the Smolensk region. A description of the data set for an 18-year observation period is given in order to identify territorial differences in the incidence rates of ecologically caused diseases. When assessing the health of the population at the regional level, first of all, it is necessary to select a population group, formalize and standardize the base of parameters characterizing health, and also apply such data processing methods that will allow unambiguous interpretation of the results. All these requirements can be taken into account by applying mathematical and cartographic modeling. The cartographic component is a continuation and development of a mathematical model that ensures the processing of initial data in accordance with the goals and objectives of medical and geographical research. The subsequent cartographic interpretation of mathematical calculations leads to the creation of spatial visualization, which also serves as a tool for multilateral analysis of the results. For the analysis were taken indicators of the general morbidity of children, following the International Classification of Diseases, in the following classes: respiratory diseases; diseases of the digestive system; diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue; diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue. As a result, the ranking of the studied territorial units (25 municipal districts and 15 cities) was obtained according to four morbidity indicators. Based on these data, a series of maps was created, reflecting the spatial distribution of health characteristics over an 18-year observation period. The results obtained using absolute indicators revealed a gap in the values of the integral indices. The application of the methodology can contribute to the formulation of goals and objectives of strategies for the socio-economic development of regions and municipalities, measures to improve the health of children.

scholarly journals Comorbidity adjustment index for the international classification of diseases, 10

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Antonio Ramiarina ◽  
Beatriz Luiza Ramiarina ◽  
Renan Moritz V R Almeida ◽  
Wagner Coelho de Albuquerque Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Adjustment ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Full Model ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Comorbidity Index ◽  
Clinical Conditions

OBJECTIVE: To develop a Charlson-like comorbidity index based on clinical conditions and weights of the original Charlson comorbidity index. METHODS: Clinical conditions and weights were adapted from the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision and applied to a single hospital admission diagnosis. The study included 3,733 patients over 18 years of age who were admitted to a public general hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro, southeast Brazil, between Jan 2001 and Jan 2003. The index distribution was analyzed by gender, type of admission, blood transfusion, intensive care unit admission, age and length of hospital stay. Two logistic regression models were developed to predict in-hospital mortality including: a) the aforementioned variables and the risk-adjustment index (full model); and b) the risk-adjustment index and patient's age (reduced model). RESULTS: Of all patients analyzed, 22.3% had risk scores >1, and their mortality rate was 4.5% (66.0% of them had scores >1). Except for gender and type of admission, all variables were retained in the logistic regression. The models including the developed risk index had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.86 (full model), and 0.76 (reduced model). Each unit increase in the risk score was associated with nearly 50% increase in the odds of in-hospital death. CONCLUSIONS: The risk index developed was able to effectively discriminate the odds of in-hospital death which can be useful when limited information is available from hospital databases.

Increasing Trends in Some Cancers in Older Americans: Fact or Artifact?

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-68
Author(s):  
Devra Lee Davis ◽  
Abraham M. Lilienfeld ◽  
Alan M. Gittelsohn ◽  
Mary Ellen Scheckenbach
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Specific Cancer ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Increasing Trends

In analyzing U.S. cancer mortality from 1933 to 1978, Doll and Peto speculated that recently recorded increases in mortality among those over age 64 were likely to be artifacts, reflecting deaths previously misattributed to such causes as nonspecific cancer, pneumonia, and senility and other ill-defined causes. We test this hypothesis by examining some age-specific, cause-specific mortality in persons aged 35 to 84 for the period of the 8th International Classification of Diseases A, 1968–78, which corresponds to the last 11 years of the period studied by Doll and Peto. Our analysis reveals increasing trends in mortality from lung cancer, brain cancer, and multiple myeloma in older whites and nonwhites, along with increases in several potentially miscoded causes of death from 1968 to 1978. Thus, these increasing cancers in the elderly cannot be explained solely as artifacts. Further studies of trends in site-specific cancer mortality should include age groups through at least age 85. Continued monitoring of site-specific cancer mortality patterns, particularly among the elderly, remains crucial for developing preventive strategies to reduce cancers.

Comparison of Alcohol Use Disorders in DSM and ICD

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-153
Author(s):  
Jessica W. M. Wong ◽  
Friedrich M. Wurst ◽  
Ulrich W. Preuss
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Historical Developments

Abstract. Introduction: With advances in medicine, our understanding of diseases has deepened and diagnostic criteria have evolved. Currently, the most frequently used diagnostic systems are the ICD (International Classification of Diseases) and the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) to diagnose alcohol-related disorders. Results: In this narrative review, we follow the historical developments in ICD and DSM with their corresponding milestones reflecting the scientific research and medical considerations of their time. The current diagnostic concepts of DSM-5 and ICD-11 and their development are presented. Lastly, we compare these two diagnostic systems and evaluate their practicability in clinical use.

Angststörungen – von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Timo D. Vloet ◽  
Marcel Romanos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Nach 12 Jahren Entwicklung wird die 11. Version der International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) im Januar 2022 in Kraft treten. Methodik: Im Rahmen eines selektiven Übersichtsartikels werden die Veränderungen im Hinblick auf die Klassifikation von Angststörungen von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11 zusammenfassend dargestellt. Ergebnis: Die diagnostischen Kriterien der generalisierten Angststörung, Agoraphobie und spezifischen Phobien werden angepasst. Die ICD-11 wird auf Basis einer Lebenszeitachse neu organisiert, sodass die kindesaltersspezifischen Kategorien der ICD-10 aufgelöst werden. Die Trennungsangststörung und der selektive Mutismus werden damit den „regulären“ Angststörungen zugeordnet und können zukünftig auch im Erwachsenenalter diagnostiziert werden. Neu ist ebenso, dass verschiedene Symptomdimensionen der Angst ohne kategoriale Diagnose verschlüsselt werden können. Diskussion: Die Veränderungen im Bereich der Angsterkrankungen umfassen verschiedene Aspekte und sind in der Gesamtschau nicht unerheblich. Positiv zu bewerten ist die Einführung einer Lebenszeitachse und Parallelisierung mit dem Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Schlussfolgerungen: Die entwicklungsbezogene Neuorganisation in der ICD-11 wird auch eine verstärkte längsschnittliche Betrachtung von Angststörungen in der Klinik sowie Forschung zur Folge haben. Damit rückt insbesondere die Präventionsforschung weiter in den Fokus.

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