Colebrook and White Transition Formula

2018 ◽  
pp. 109-112
Keyword(s):  
2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (32n33) ◽  
pp. 1650400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Han ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Danyang Liang ◽  
Shiqi Wang ◽  
Guoxin Lu ◽  
...  

Scheelite (CaWO4)-type microphosphors were synthesized by the precipitation method assisted with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB). All compounds crystallized in the tetragonal structure with space group [Formula: see text] (No. 88). FE-SEM micrographs illustrate the spherical-like morphologies and rough surface. PL spectra indicate the broad emission peak maximum at 613 nm under UV excitation. Luminescence decay curves monitored by [Formula: see text] transition ([Formula: see text] nm) of Eu[Formula: see text] in doped CaWO4 are presented, the curves exhibit a single-exponential feature and the lifetime for doped CaWO4 is 0.61 ms.


1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1138-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tanaka ◽  
T. Namioka ◽  
A. S. Jursa

Thirty-eight new bands of nitrogen were observed in the region 2050–3070 Å in an a-c. condensed discharge of neon mixed with a small amount of nitrogen. It was determined that these bands result from the transition [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text].


1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 2100-2105 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Judge ◽  
D. C. Moule ◽  
J. D. Goddard

The 270 nm absorption spectra of thioformamide, CHSNH2 and CHSND2, have been photographically recorded under conditions of long path length (88 m) and moderate resolution (7.5 Å/mm). The absorption was assigned to the electron promotion, nS → π* (CS), and to the electronic transition, [Formula: see text]. The spectra proved to be complex, highly congested and somewhat diffuse which limited the extent of the vibrational assignments. Progressions in five members were observed in both CHSNH2/CHSND2 in intervals of 516/496 cm−1 which were assigned to ν10, the out-of-plane aldehyde wagging mode. It was concluded on Franck–Condon grounds that the [Formula: see text] molecule was non-planar at the aldehyde center. Structures and vibrational frequencies were calculated for the [Formula: see text] and the[Formula: see text] electronic states at the 3-21G* SCF level. The calculations confirmed that the lower state was strictly planar and predicted that both the aldehyde and amino groups were pyramidal in the upper electronic state.


1987 ◽  
Vol 225 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mohan ◽  
K. L. Baluja ◽  
A. Hibbert ◽  
K. A. Berrington

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 1550018 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Thomas ◽  
B. S. Dakshayini ◽  
H. S. Kushwaha ◽  
Rahul Vaish

Composites of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and [Formula: see text] (STMO) were fabricated via melt mixing followed by hot pressing technique. These were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermo mechanical analysis (TMA) and impedance analyser for their structural, thermal and dielectric properties. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) was measured between 40°C and 100°C for pure PMMA is 115.2 ppm/°C, which was decreased to 78.58 ppm/°C when the STMO content was increased to 50 wt.% in PMMA. There was no difference in the glass transition ([Formula: see text]) temperature of the PMMA polymer and their composites. However, the FTIR analysis indicated possible interaction between the PMMA and STMO. The density and the hardness were increased as the STMO content increased in the PMMA matrix. Permittivity was found to be as high as 30.9 at 100 Hz for the PMMA+STMO-50 wt.% composites, indicating the possibility of using these materials for capacitor applications. The thermal stability of polymer was enhanced by incorporation of STMO fillers.


2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (34) ◽  
pp. 1650175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdel Nasser Tawfik ◽  
Abdel Magied Diab ◽  
M. T. Hussein

In mean field approximation, the grand canonical potential of SU(3) Polyakov linear-[Formula: see text] model (PLSM) is analyzed for chiral phase transition, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] and for deconfinement order-parameters, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] of light- and strange-quarks, respectively. Various PLSM parameters are determined from the assumption of global minimization of the real part of the potential. Then, we have calculated the subtracted condensates [Formula: see text]. All these results are compared with recent lattice QCD simulations. Accordingly, essential PLSM parameters are determined. The modeling of the relaxation time is utilized in estimating the conductivity properties of the QCD matter in thermal medium, namely electric [Formula: see text] and heat [Formula: see text] conductivities. We found that the PLSM results on the electric conductivity and on the specific heat agree well with the available lattice QCD calculations. Also, we have calculated bulk and shear viscosities normalized to the thermal entropy, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively, and compared them with recent lattice QCD. Predictions for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are introduced. We conclude that our results on various transport properties show some essential ingredients, that these properties likely come up with, in studying QCD matter in thermal and dense medium.


2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (36) ◽  
pp. 1750342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Hou Wei

Glass transitions in the Ge–Sb–Se glasses were investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) under non-isothermal conditions. The glass transition temperature [Formula: see text], activation energy of glass transition [Formula: see text], and fragility index as functions of the mean coordination number (MCN) and atomic percent of Ge were examined. The maximum value of [Formula: see text] in each group of the glasses occurred at the chemically stoichiometric composition, suggesting a glass transition threshold. The [Formula: see text] and fragility index were calculated from the heating rate dependence of [Formula: see text]. Both [Formula: see text] and fragility index show the minima at MCN = 2.4 which can be attributed to the structural phase transition of a covalently glassy network at MCN = 2.4. The analysis of the experimental results suggests that both the chemical composition and MCN have significant effects on the glass transitions in Ge–Sb–Se glasses.


2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (36) ◽  
pp. 2050417
Author(s):  
S. R. Azimova ◽  
Y. I. Aliyev ◽  
D. M. Mirzayeva

Thermal parameters of the [Formula: see text] compound were investigated by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) method. Four different phases were identified in the temperature range of [Formula: see text]C. Thermodynamical parameters were determined for each phase transition. [Formula: see text] samples were irradiated by 167 MeV energy [Formula: see text]Xe ions at the [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] ion/cm2 intensities. The DSC analyses of the irradiated samples were carried out and determined that the temperature and thermodynamical parameters of the phase transition change in the [Formula: see text] compound under the influence of swift heavy ions. The change mechanism of the thermodynamical parameters has been determined depending on the irradiation doses.


1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svjatoslav I. Bondarevskii ◽  
Boris E. Dzevitskii ◽  
Vjacheslav V. Eremin ◽  
German A. Skorobogatov

1992 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1467-1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J Fuchs ◽  
Arturo S Gastanaduy ◽  
Robert M Suskind

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