Mechanics of Hard Tissue

Biomechanics ◽  
2014 ◽  
pp. 1-1-1-26
Author(s):  
Paulette Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Hard Tissue

Effects of Hypophysectomy on the Occurrence and Calcifiability of Matrix Vesicles in the Epiphyseal Growth Plate of Immature Rats

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 578-579
Author(s):  
S. I. Coleman ◽  
W. J. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Growth Plate ◽  
Matrix Vesicles ◽  
Epiphyseal Growth Plate ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Hormonal Factors ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Mineral Deposition ◽  
Thin Sectioning ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
Cellular Secretion

In the cellular secretion theory of mineral deposition, extracellular matrix vesicles are believed to play an integral role in hard tissue mineralization (1). Membrane limited matrix vesicles arise from the plasma membrane of epiphyseal chondrocytes and tooth odontoblasts by a budding process (2, 3). Nutritional and hormonal factors have been postulated to play essential roles in mineral deposition and apparently have a direct effect on matrix vesicles of calcifying cartilage as concluded by Anderson and Sajdera (4). Immature (75-85 gm) Long-Evans hooded rats were hypophysectomized by the parapharyngeal approach and maintained fourteen (14) days post-surgery. At this time, the animals were anesthetized and perfusion fixed in cacodylate buffered 2.5% glutaraldehyde. The proximal tibias were quickly dissected out and split sagittally. One half was used for light microscopy (LM) and the other for electron microscopy (EM). The halves used for EM were cut into blocks approximately 1×3 mm. The tissue blocks were prepared for ultra-thin sectioning and transmission EM. The tissue was oriented so as to section through the epiphyseal growth plate from the zone of proliferating cartilage on down through the hypertrophic zone and into the initial trabecular bone. Sections were studied stained (double heavy metal) and unstained.

New collagenolytic enzymes/cascade identified at the pannus-hard tissue junction in rheumatoid arthritis: destruction from above

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 585-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
YrjöT. Konttinen ◽  
Arnoldas Ceponis ◽  
Michiaki Takagi ◽  
Mari Ainola ◽  
Timo Sorsa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Hard Tissue

The Influence of Force Direction on the Fracture Pattern and Fracture Resistance of Canine Teeth in Dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Goldschmidt ◽  
Catherine Zimmerman ◽  
Caitlyn Collins ◽  
Scott Hetzel ◽  
Heidi-Lynn Ploeg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Resistance ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Fracture Pattern ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Canine Tooth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Force Direction ◽  
Testing Group

Biomechanical studies of the elongated canine tooth of animals are few, and thus our understanding of mechanical and physical properties of animal teeth is limited. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of force direction on fracture resistance and fracture pattern of canine teeth in an ex vivo dog cadaver model. Forty-five extracted canine teeth from laboratory beagle dogs were standardized by hard tissue volume and randomly distributed among 3 force direction groups. The teeth were secured within a universal testing machine and a load was applied at different directions based on testing group. The maximum force to fracture and the fracture pattern classification were recorded for each tooth. After correcting for hard tissue cross-sectional area in a multivariate analysis, no significant difference in the amount of force required for fracture was apparent between the different force direction groups. However, the influence of force direction on fracture pattern was significant. The results of this study may allow the clinician to educate clients on possible causal force directions in clinically fractured teeth and, thus, help prevent any contributing behavior in the future.

The influence of a biomaterial on the closure of a marginal hard tissue defect adjacent to implants. An experimental study in the dog

2004 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Botticelli ◽  
Tord Berglundh ◽  
Jan Lindhe
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Tissue Defect

scholarly journals Biominerals: Formation, Function, Properties

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Helmut Cölfen ◽  
Erika Griesshaber ◽  
Wolfgang W. Schmahl
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Geological Record ◽  
Geochemical Cycles ◽  
Formation Function

Triggered by geochemical cycles, large-scale terrestrial processes and evolution, a tremendous biodiversity evolved over the geological record and produced proto- and metazoa with biomineralized hard tissue, characterized by unique structural designs and exquisite performance [...]

Zoledronic Acid Deteriorates Soft and Hard Tissue Healing of Murine Tooth Extraction Sockets in a Dose-Dependent Manner

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryohei Kozutsumi ◽  
Shinichiro Kuroshima ◽  
Haruka Kaneko ◽  
Muneteru Sasaki ◽  
Akira Ishisaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zoledronic Acid ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Dose Dependent

scholarly journals 3D-printed gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)/silanated silica scaffold assisted by two-stage cooling system for hard tissue regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunjeong Choi ◽  
Dongyun Kim ◽  
Donggu Kang ◽  
Gi Hoon Yang ◽  
Bongsu Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Temperature Control System ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Hard Tissue ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract Among many biomaterials, gelatin methacrylate (GelMA), a photocurable protein, has been widely used in 3D bioprinting process owing to its excellent cellular responses, biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, GelMA still shows a low processability due to the severe temperature dependence of viscosity. To overcome this obstacle, we propose a two-stage temperature control system to effectively control the viscosity of GelMA. To optimize the process conditions, we evaluated the temperature of the cooling system (jacket and stage). Using the established system, three GelMA scaffolds were fabricated in which different concentrations (0, 3 and 10 wt%) of silanated silica particles were embedded. To evaluate the performances of the prepared scaffolds suitable for hard tissue regeneration, we analyzed the physical (viscoelasticity, surface roughness, compressive modulus and wettability) and biological (human mesenchymal stem cells growth, western blotting and osteogenic differentiation) properties. Consequently, the composite scaffold with greater silica contents (10 wt%) showed enhanced physical and biological performances including mechanical strength, cell initial attachment, cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation compared with those of the controls. Our results indicate that the GelMA/silanated silica composite scaffold can be potentially used for hard tissue regeneration.

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