I-6 Joukowski transformation, theorem of Kutta-Joukowski and lift force on airfoil

We quantify and investigate the effects of flow parameters on the extent of colloidal particle migration and the corresponding electrophoresis-induced lift force under combined electrokinetic and shear flow.

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Hydrodynamic Forces Exerting on an Oscillating Cylinder under Translational Motion in Water Covered by Compressed Ice

Water ◽

10.3390/w13060822 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 822

Author(s):

Yury Stepanyants ◽

Izolda Sturova

Keyword(s):

Lift Force ◽

Wave Motion ◽

Translational Motion ◽

Added Mass ◽

Hydrodynamic Forces ◽

Wave Resistance ◽

Translational Velocity ◽

Damping Coefficients ◽

Incompressible Ideal Fluid ◽

Theoretical Results

This paper presents the calculation of the hydrodynamic forces exerted on an oscillating circular cylinder when it moves perpendicular to its axis in infinitely deep water covered by compressed ice. The cylinder can oscillate both horizontally and vertically in the course of its translational motion. In the linear approximation, a solution is found for the steady wave motion generated by the cylinder within the hydrodynamic set of equations for the incompressible ideal fluid. It is shown that, depending on the rate of ice compression, both normal and anomalous dispersion can occur in the system. In the latter case, the group velocity can be opposite to the phase velocity in a certain range of wavenumbers. The dependences of the hydrodynamic loads exerted on the cylinder (the added mass, damping coefficients, wave resistance and lift force) on the translational velocity and frequency of oscillation were studied. It was shown that there is a possibility of the appearance of negative values for the damping coefficients at the relatively big cylinder velocity; then, the wave resistance decreases with the increase in cylinder velocity. The theoretical results were underpinned by the numerical calculations for the real parameters of ice and cylinder motion.

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The Numerical Simulation of Two-Degrees-of-Freedom Vortex-Induced Vibrations of Circular Cylinder with High Mass-Ratio

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.557 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 284-287 ◽

pp. 557-561

Author(s):

Jie Li Fan ◽

Wei Ping Huang

Keyword(s):

Circular Cylinder ◽

Drag Force ◽

Frequency Ratio ◽

Lift Force ◽

Degrees Of Freedom ◽

Cross Flow ◽

High Mass ◽

Mass Ratio ◽

Main Frequency ◽

Line Amplitude

The two-degrees-of-freedom VIV of the circular cylinder with high mass-ratio is numerically simulated with the software ANSYS/CFX. The VIV characteristic is analyzed in the different conditions (Ur=3, 5, 6, 8, 10). When Ur is 5, 6, 8 and 10, the conclusion which is different from the cylinder with low mass-ratio can be obtained. When Ur is 3, the frequency of in-line VIV is twice of that of cross-flow VIV which is equal to the frequency ratio between drag force and lift force, and the in-line amplitude is much smaller than the cross-flow amplitude. The motion trace is the crescent. When Ur is 5 and 6, the frequency ratio between the drag force and lift force is still 2, but the main frequency of in-line VIV is mainly the same as that of cross-flow VIV and the secondary frequency of in-line VIV is equal to the frequency of the drag force. The in-line amplitude is still very small compared with the cross-flow amplitude. When Ur is up to 8 and 10, the frequency of in-line VIV is the same as the main frequency of cross-flow VIV which is close to the inherent frequency of the cylinder and is different from the frequency of drag force or lift force. But the secondary frequency of cross-flow VIV is equal to the frequency of the lift force. The amplitude ratio of the VIV between in-line and cross-flow direction is about 0.5. When Ur is 5, 6, 8 and 10, the motion trace is mainly the oval.

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Linear and non-linear potential-flow calculations of free-surface waves with lift and induced drag

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part C Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science ◽

10.1243/0954406001523795 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 214 (6) ◽

pp. 801-812

Author(s):

C-E Janson

Keyword(s):

Free Surface ◽

Potential Flow ◽

Lift Force ◽

Radiation Condition ◽

Linear Potential ◽

Surface Boundary ◽

Model Approximation ◽

Non Linear ◽

Lifting Surfaces ◽

The Waves

A potential-flow panel method is used to compute the waves and the lift force from surface-piercing and submerged bodies. In particular the interaction between the waves and the lift produced close to the free surface is studied. Both linear and non-linear free-surface boundary conditions are considered. The potential-flow method is of Rankine-source type using raised source panels on the free surface and a four-point upwind operator to compute the velocity derivatives and to enforce the radiation condition. The lift force is introduced as a dipole distribution on the lifting surfaces and on the trailing wake, together with a flow tangency condition at the trailing edge of the lifting surface. Different approximations for the spanwise circulation distribution at the free surface were tested for a surface-piercing wing and it was concluded that a double-model approximation should be used for low speeds while a single-model, which allows for a vortex at the free surface, was preferred at higher speeds. The lift force and waves from three surface-piercing wings, a hydrofoil and a sailing yacht were computed and compared with measurements and good agreement was obtained.

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Numerical Simulation of Boiling Two-Phase Flow in Tight-Lattice Rod Bundle by 3-Dimensional Two-Fluid Model Code ACE-3D

Volume 3: Thermal Hydraulics; Instrumentation and Controls ◽

10.1115/icone16-48715 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Hiroyuki Yoshida ◽

Takeharu Misawa ◽

Kazuyuki Takase

Keyword(s):

Void Fraction ◽

Lift Force ◽

Fluid Model ◽

Phase Flow ◽

Two Phase ◽

Rod Bundle ◽

Fraction Distribution ◽

Two Fluid Model ◽

Tight Lattice ◽

Two Fluid

Two-fluid model can simulate two phase flow less computational cost than inter-face tracking method and particle interaction method. Therefore, two-fluid model is useful for thermal hydraulic analysis in large-scale domain such as a rod bundle. Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) develops three dimensional two-fluid model analysis code ACE-3D, which adopts boundary fitted coordinate system in order to simulate complex shape channel flow. In this paper, boiling two-phase flow analysis in a tight lattice rod bundle is performed by ACE-3D code. The parallel computation using 126CPUs is applied to this analysis. In the results, the void fraction, which distributes in outermost region of rod bundle, is lower than that in center region of rod bundle. At height z = 0.5 m, void fraction in the gap region is higher in comparison with that in center region of the subchannel. However, at height of z = 1.1m, higher void fraction distribution exists in center region of the subchannel in comparison with the gap region. The tendency of void fraction to concentrate in the gap region at vicinity of boiling starting point, and to move into subchannel as water goes through rod bundle, is qualitatively agreement with the measurement results by neutron radiography. To evaluate effects of two-phase flow model used in ACE-3D code, numerical simulation of boiling two-phase in tight lattice rod bundle with no lift force model (neglecting lift force acting on bubbles) is also performed. From the comparison of numerical results, it is concluded that the effects of lift force model are not so large on overall void fraction distribution in tight lattice rod bundle. However, higher void fraction distribution in center region of the subchannel was not observed in this simulation. It is concluded that the lift force model is important for local void fraction distribution in rod bundles.

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2D and 2.5D Numerical Simulations for Vortex-Induced Vibration (VIV) of a 1.5:1 Rectangular Cylinder

International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics ◽

10.1142/s021945542250033x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bowen Yan ◽

Yangjin Yuan ◽

Dalong Li ◽

Ke Li ◽

Qingshan Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wind Speed ◽

Numerical Simulations ◽

Phase Difference ◽

Vortex Shedding ◽

Lift Force ◽

Small Scale ◽

Aerodynamic Damping ◽

Displacement Response ◽

Wind Speeds ◽

Rectangular Cylinder

The semi-periodic vortex-shedding phenomenon caused by flow separation at the windward corners of a rectangular cylinder would result in significant vortex-induced vibrations (VIVs). Based on the aeroelastic experiment of a rectangular cylinder with side ratio of 1.5:1, 2-dimensional (2D) and 2.5-dimensional (2.5D) numerical simulations of the VIV of a rectangular cylinder were comprehensively validated. The mechanism of VIV of the rectangular cylinder was in detail discussed in terms of vortex-induced forces, aeroelastic response, work analysis, aerodynamic damping ratio and flow visualization. The outcomes showed that the numerical results of aeroelastic displacement in the cross-wind direction and the vortex-shedding procedure around the rectangular cylinder were in general consistence with the experimental results by 2.5D numerical simulation. In both simulations, the phase difference between the lift and displacement response increased with the reduced wind speed and the vortex-induced resonance (VIR) disappeared at the phase difference of approximately 180∘. The work done by lift force shows a close relationship with vibration amplitudes at different reduced wind speeds. In 2.5D simulations, the lift force of the rectangular cylinder under different wind speeds would be affected by the presence of small-scale vortices in the turbulence flow field. Similarly, the phase difference between lift force and displacement response was not a constant with the same upstream wind speed. Aerodynamic damping identified from the VIV was mainly dependent on the reduced wind speed and negative damping ratios were revealed at the lock-in regime, which also greatly influenced the probability density function (PDF) of wind-induced displacement.

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Numerical analysis for interphase forces of gas-liquid flow in a multiphase pump

Engineering Computations ◽

10.1108/ec-04-2018-0161 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 2386-2402 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ming Liu ◽

Shan Cao ◽

Shuliang Cao

Keyword(s):

Drag Force ◽

Liquid Flow ◽

Lift Force ◽

Turbulent Dispersion ◽

Dispersion Force ◽

Mass Force ◽

Virtual Mass ◽

Content Type ◽

Multiphase Pump ◽

Gas Liquid Flow

Purpose The modeling of interphase forces plays a significant role in the numerical simulation of gas–liquid flow in a rotodynamic multiphase pump, which deserves detailed study. Design/methodology/approach Numerical analysis is conducted to estimate the influence of interphase forces, including drag force, lift force, virtual mass force, wall lubrication force and turbulent dispersion force. Findings The results show that the magnitude of the interphase forces can be sorted by: drag force > virtual mass force > lift force > turbulent dispersion force > wall lubrication force. The relations between interphase forces and velocity difference of gas–liquid flow and also the interphase forces and gas volume fraction are revealed. The distribution characteristics of interphase forces in the passages from impeller inlet to diffuser outlet are illustrated and analyzed. According to the results, apart from the drag force, the virtual mass force, lift force and turbulent dispersion force are required, whereas wall lubrication force can be neglected for numerical simulation of gas–liquid flow in a rotodynamic multiphase pump. Compared with the conventional numerical method which considers drag force only, the relative errors of predicted pressure rise and efficiency based on the proposed numerical method in account of four major forces can be reduced by 4.95 per cent and 3.00 per cent, respectively. Originality value The numerical analysis reveals the magnitude and distribution of interphase forces inside multiphase pump, which is meaningful for the simulation and design of multiphase pump.

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