scholarly journals Regulation of Vasopressin Synthesis and Release by Area Postrema in Rats*

Endocrinology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 1481-1486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Arima ◽  
Kunikazu Kondo ◽  
Takashi Murase ◽  
Hisashi Yokoi ◽  
Yasumasa Iwasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Sham Group ◽  
Area Postrema ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Vasopressin Synthesis ◽  
Supraoptic Nuclei ◽  
Avp Gene ◽  
Rna Levels

Abstract There is evidence indicating that the area postrema (AP), the most caudal circumventricular organ located on the dorsal surface of the medulla, is involved in several physiological regulations. In this study, we investigated the role of AP in the regulation of arginine vasopressin (AVP) synthesis and release, using rats of which the AP was lesioned 6 weeks previously. The level of plasma AVP in the AP lesioned (APX) group was significantly lower than in the sham operated (Sham) group in the basal state. AVP release induced by either hyperosmolality or hypovolemia was significantly attenuated by APX. To clarify the role of AP in AVP synthesis in the hypothalamus, we examined the AVP gene expression using in situ hybridization. AVP messenger RNA levels in paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei (SON) in the APX group were significantly lower than in the Sham group in the basal state. Moreover, the AVP messenger RNA levels in PVN and SON in the APX group were also significantly lower than in the Sham group after water deprivation for 3 days. These results suggest that AVP synthesis and release are tonically stimulated by AP in the basal state and that AVP synthesis and release in stimulated states are also regulated, at least partially, by AP.

(S)-Goniothalamin induces DNA damage, apoptosis, and decrease in BIRC5 messenger RNA levels in NCI-H460 cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
SC Semprebon ◽  
 de Fátima ◽  
SR Lepri ◽  
D Sartori ◽  
LR Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Apoptosis Induction ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
H460 Cells ◽  
Rna Levels

(R)-Goniothalamin (R-GNT) is a secondary metabolite isolated from the plants of the genus Goniothalamus. This molecule has attracted the attention of researchers because of its selective cytotoxicity against tumor cells and its ability to induce apoptosis. (S)-Goniothalamin (S-GNT) is a synthetic enantiomer of R-GNT, and its mechanism of action is largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the activity of S-GNT in a human non-small cell lung cancer NCI-H460 cells. We observed that the cells exposed to this compound exhibited cytotoxicity in a concentration-dependent manner. Based on the data obtained through the assessment of apoptosis induction in situ and the comet assay, we suggest that this cytotoxicity occurs due to the potential ability of this molecule to induce DNA damage with the consequent induction of cell death via apoptosis. A significant reduction in the messenger RNA levels of baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeat-containing 5 ( BIRC5) gene that encodes the survivin protein was found. This novel finding may explain the inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in tumor cells caused by this compound.

Molecular Biology and the Major Psychoses

1997 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Lloyd ◽  
Gavin Dixon ◽  
Xu Feng Huang ◽  
Phillip Ward ◽  
Stan Catts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Expression Studies ◽  
Biological Studies

Objective:To highlight the potential role of molecular biological studies in examining the expression of genes of interest in brain tissue to elucidate the pathophysiological basis of the major psychoses. Method:To review the principles underlying the available techniques for expression studies. Results:Detection of messenger RNA by in situ hybridisation and quantitation by Northern analysis are powerful tools to detect abnormalities in gene expression in brain tissue. Conclusion:The availability of simple techniques to examine the expression of RNA and protein products of individual genes, including examination at the level of individual cells, offers a clear opportunity to define the molecular basis of the major psychoses.

In situ changes in the relative abundance of human epidermal cytokine messenger RNA levels following exposure to the poison ivy/oak contact allergen urushiol

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith D. Boehm ◽  
Jong K. Yun ◽  
Kingman P. Strohl ◽  
Uwe Trefzer ◽  
Andreas Haffner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Contact Allergen ◽  
Poison Ivy ◽  
Rna Levels

Defining protective responses to pathogens: cytokine profiles in leprosy lesions

Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 254 (5029) ◽  
pp. 277-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Yamamura ◽  
K Uyemura ◽  
RJ Deans ◽  
K Weinberg ◽  
TH Rea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Interleukin 2 ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Cell Mediated Immunity ◽  
Messenger Rnas ◽  
Interleukin 5 ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms

The immunological mechanisms required to engender resistance have been defined in few infectious diseases of man, and the role of specific cytokines is unclear. Leprosy presents clinically as a spectrum in which resistance correlates with cell-mediated immunity to the pathogen. To assess in situ cytokine patterns, messenger RNA extracted from leprosy skin biopsy specimens was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction with 14 cytokine-specific primers. In lesions of the resistant form of the disease, messenger RNAs coding for interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma were most evident. In contrast, messenger RNAs for interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interleukin-10 predominated in the multibacillary form. Thus, resistance and susceptibility were correlated with distinct patterns of cytokine production.

A subgroup of HOX Abd-B gene is differentially expressed in cervical cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 1289-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. LÓPEZ ◽  
E. Garrido ◽  
G. VÁZQUEZ ◽  
P. Piña ◽  
C. PÉREZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Hox Genes ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Cervical Carcinomas ◽  
Adult Cell ◽  
Invasive Carcinomas

The HOX genes are a family of transcription factors that bind to specific sequences of DNA in target genes regulating their expression. The role of HOX genes in adult cell differentiation is still obscure, but growing evidence suggests that they may play an important role in the development of cancer. In order to study the role of the HOX Abd-B genes in cervical cancer, we analyzed their expression in cervical tissues. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and RNA in situ hybridization were used to detect HOX Abd-B messenger RNA expression in nine normal cervical tissues and ten cervical carcinomas. The normal tissues were human papillomavirus (HPV) negative, whereas all invasive carcinomas included were HPV16 positive. In this study, we show that HOXA9, A10, A11, A13, B9, D11, and D13 genes are expressed in both the epithelium of normal tissues and neoplastic cells from squamous cervical carcinomas. Interestingly, the HOXC10 and D12 genes were not expressed in any cervical tissues; however, HOXB13, C9, C11, C12, C13, D9, and D10 genes were expressed only in the tumoral tissues but not in the normal cervix. Our findings suggest that the expression of HOXB13, D9, D10, and HOXC cluster (HOXC9, C11–C13) genes might be an important step involved in cervical cancer.

High performance Nanogold™-in situ hybridzation and its use in the detection of hybridized and PCR-amplified microscopical preparations

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 896-897
Author(s):  
G. W. Hacker ◽  
I. Zehbe ◽  
J. Hainfeld ◽  
A.-H. Graf ◽  
C. Hauser-Kronberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Protein Encoding ◽  
Polymerase Chain

In situ hybridization (ISH) with biotin-labeled probes is increasingly used in histology, histopathology and molecular biology, to detect genetic nucleic acid sequences of interest, such as viruses, genetic alterations and peptide-/protein-encoding messenger RNA (mRNA). In situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (PCR in situ hybridization = PISH) and the new in situ self-sustained sequence replication-based amplification (3SR) method even allow the detection of single copies of DNA or RNA in cytological and histological material. However, there is a number of considerable problems with the in situ PCR methods available today: False positives due to mis-priming of DNA breakdown products contained in several types of cells causing non-specific incorporation of label in direct methods, and re-diffusion artefacts of amplicons into previously negative cells have been observed. To avoid these problems, super-sensitive ISH procedures can be used, and it is well known that the sensitivity and outcome of these methods partially depend on the detection system used.

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