scholarly journals SAT-666 Possible Amelioration of Diabetic State After Intravesical BCG Instillations for Bladder Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Havranova ◽  
Thomas Gallagher ◽  
Mohammad Ishaq Arastu
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Oxidative Phosphorylation ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Regimen ◽  
Intravesical Administration ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Intravesical Bcg

Abstract Introduction - Current research provides strong evidence that intradermal Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination improves glucose metabolism by a mechanism of switching oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis inducing a state of high glucose utilization. We present a case that demonstrates improvement in blood sugar levels upon administration of a series of intravesical BCG instillations. There is no research, in current literature, correlating blood sugars lowering after intravesical administration of BCG vaccines. Case Description - An 81 years old male with a medical history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, and bladder cancer underwent a series of BCG instillations, as therapy for his bladder cancer. He underwent BCG treatments according the Southwest oncology protocol for bladder cancer. During his BCG treatments, the patient was on Humalog 75/25, 30 units twice a day. Upon completion of his treatments, the patient experienced an episode of hypoglycemia that required hospitalization. His insulin regimen was decreased from 30 to 25 units BID. His A1C at the time of diagnosis was 8.7% and after insulin adjustments declined to 8.1%. We are reviewing a list of type II diabetic patients with bladder cancer who were treated with BCG and analyzing blood sugars before and after BCG exposure. We hypothesize that BCG vaccination precipitated the improvement in his blood sugars. Conclusion - Additional studies on BCG vaccinated, diabetic, bladder cancer patients are needed for confirmation of this effect. Our case illustrates a probable reduction in blood sugars attributable to his BCG vaccinations. Research suggests that intradermal BCG switches cellular metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to early aerobic glycolysis. Another effect of BCG is the increasing levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) that leads to elimination of self-reactive white blood cells and inducing regulatory T cells. More research is needed to confirm whether intravesical administration of BCG has the same effect as intradermal BCG vaccination, which would have a potential impact on the clinical management of both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Synergy in Polymicrobial Infections in a Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes

2005 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 6055-6063 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Mastropaolo ◽  
Nicholas P. Evans ◽  
Meghan K. Byrnes ◽  
Ann M. Stevens ◽  
John L. Robertson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymicrobial Infections ◽  
Young Mice

ABSTRACT Human diabetics frequently suffer delayed wound healing, increased susceptibility to localized and systemic infections, and limb amputations as a consequence of the disease. Lower-limb infections in diabetic patients are most often polymicrobial, involving mixtures of aerobic, facultative anaerobic, and anaerobic bacteria. The purpose of this study is to determine if these organisms contribute to synergy in polymicrobial infections by using diabetic mice as an in vivo model. The model was the obese diabetic mouse strain BKS.Cg-m +/+ Lepr db /J, a model of human type 2 diabetes. Young (5- to 6-week-old) prediabetic mice and aged (23- to 24-week-old) diabetic mice were compared. The mice were injected subcutaneously with mixed cultures containing Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, and Clostridium perfringens. Progression of the infection (usually abscess formation) was monitored by examining mice for bacterial populations and numbers of white blood cells at 1, 8, and 22 days postinfection. Synergy in the mixed infections was defined as a statistically significant increase in the number of bacteria at the site of injection when coinfected with a second bacterium, compared to when the bacterium was inoculated alone. E. coli provided strong synergy to B. fragilis but not to C. perfringens. C. perfringens and B. fragilis provided moderate synergy to each other but only in young mice. B. fragilis was anergistic (antagonistic) to E. coli in coinfections in young mice at 22 days postinfection. When age-matched nondiabetic mice (C57BLKS/J) were used as controls, the diabetic mice exhibited 5 to 35 times the number of CFU as did the nondiabetic mice, indicating that diabetes was a significant factor in the severity of the polymicrobial infections.

Hematological Parameters in Sudanese Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Nassreldeen Adam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Control Analysis

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a complex concept for a spectrum of disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and a variety of complications, comprising metabolic and cellular disturbances that lead to vascular complications. The objective of this project was to correlate type 2 diabetes patients to healthy controls in aspects of hematological indices and their association with demographic data. Materials and Methods: From May to September 2016, a case-control analysis has been performed in Khartoum, Sudan. 154 participants were enrolled in this study. 104 participant were diabetic type 2 and 50 were apparently healthy as control group to find out any variations in hematological parameters HbA1C and CBC: (Hb, WBCs & differential, RBCs& indices and PLTs, hematocrit (HCT) among type 2 diabetic patients. Blood was gathered in EDTA containers. HbA1C measured using i-CHROMATM and complete blood count using the Sysmex® Kx21-N hematological analyzer. Before samples collection, each participant gave their informed consent, which had been approved by the Ministry of Health's ethical committee. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) SPSS version 20 was used. The meaning of the discrepancies was assessed using the Crosstab test. p- Value is significant at P< 0.05. Results: T2DM patients had a statically significant in white blood cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes as comparison to the control group P<0.05. There was no considerable difference in red blood cell count, Hb, Hct, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, Platelets count, MPV, and PDW between the two classes P> 0.05. Conclusion: T2DM patients had relatively increased levels of white blood cells, neutrophils, and lymphocytes than the control group (P<0.05).

scholarly journals Determinants of Dietary Practice among Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Institution based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derese Tamiru Desta ◽  
Mignote Gebre Michael ◽  
Dejene Hailu ◽  
Menen Zegeye
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Insulin Injection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Regimen ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Practice ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract Objectives Dietary management is considered to be one of the cornerstones of diabetes care. There is a lack of data on the dietary practice of diabetic patients, which underestimates its role in the management of diabetes. Hence, this study assessed the level of dietary practices and their associated factors among Type2 diabetic patients in Hawassa city, Sidama Region, Ethiopia. Results Nearly forty-seven percent (46.8%) of the patients had poor knowledge about diabetes. More than half of the respondents (54.5%) were overweight and obese. The levels of dietary practice among 171 (44.2%) type 2 diabetic patients were poor. Very low monthly income [AOR = 4.87; 95% CI :(1.20-19.81], taking insulin regimen [AOR = 2.36; 95% CI :(1.13–4.91)], taking both insulin injection and oral medication [AOR = 11.26; 95% CI: (3.05–41.54)], not getting DM education in hospital [AOR = 2.72; 95% CI :( 1.08–6.85)], despondency [AOR = 3.71; 95% CI:(1.39–9.89), lack of support from family and friends about dietary plan [AOR = 5.64;95% CI (2.66,11.92)], unavailability of fruits and vegetables[AOR = 3.04;95% CI:(1.11–8.34)] were the factors significantly associated with the poor dietary practice.

scholarly journals Avoiding COVID-19 Complications with Diabetic Patients Could Be Achieved by Multi-Dose Bacillus Calmette–Guérin Vaccine: A Case Study of Beta Cells Regeneration by Serendipity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassam M. Ayoub ◽  
Eman Ramadan ◽  
Nermeen Ashoush ◽  
Mariam M. Tadros ◽  
Moataz S. Hendy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Beta Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Beta Cells ◽  
Aerobic Glycolysis ◽  
Bcg Vaccine ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Significant Difference

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the major risk factors for COVID-19 complications as it is one of the chronic immune-compromising conditions especially if patients have uncontrolled diabetes, poor HbA1c &amp;/or irregular blood glucose levels. Diabetic patient&rsquo;s mortality rates with COVID-19 are higher than cardiovascular or cancer patients. Recently Bacillus Calmette&ndash;Gu&eacute;rin (BCG) has shown successful results in reversing diabetes in both rats and clinical trials based on different mechanisms from aerobic glycolysis to Beta cells regeneration. BCG is a multi-face vaccine that has been used extensively in protection from TB and leprosy and has been repositioned for treatment of bladder cancer, diabetes &amp; multiple sclerosis. Recently, the COVID-19 epidemiological study confirmed that universal BCG vaccination reduced morbidity and mortality in certain geographical areas. Countries without universal policies of BCG vaccination (Italy, Nederland, USA) have been more severely affected compared to countries with universal and long-standing BCG policies that have shown low numbers of reported COVID-19 cases. Some countries have started clinical trials that included a single dose BCG vaccine as prophylaxis from COVID-19 or an attempt to minimize its side effects. This proposed research aims to use BCG vaccine as a double-edged weapon countering both COVID-19 &amp; diabetes, not only as protection but also as therapeutic vaccination. The work includes a case study of regenerated pancreatic beta cells based on improved C-peptide &amp; PCPRI laboratory findings after BCG vaccination for a 9 years&rsquo; patient. The patient was re-vaccinated based on a negative tuberculin test &amp; no scar at the site of injection of the 1st BCG vaccination at birth. Furthermore, the authors in the present article described a prospective BCG multi-dose clinical study in full details that they will apply in case of acceptance of their submitted grant &amp; the ethical committee approval. The aim of the clinical study is to check if double dose BCG (4 weeks apart) will show a significant difference in the protection of health care professionals in Egypt. The authors suggest and invite the scientific community to take into consideration the concept of direct BCG re-vaccination (after 4 weeks) because of the reported gene expressions &amp; exaggerated innate immunity consequently. As the diabetic MODY-5 patient (mutation of HNF1B, Val2Leu) was on low dose Riomet&reg; while eliminating insulin gradually, a simple analytical method for metformin assay was recommended to ensure its concentration before use as it is not approved yet by the Egyptian QC labs.

scholarly journals A retrospective study to assess the risk of bladder cancer in type-2 diabetic patients treated with pioglitazone

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Apoorva Jain ◽  
Prabhat Agrawal ◽  
Ashish Gautam ◽  
AshwiniKumar Nigam ◽  
Nikhil Pursnani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic
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