scholarly journals In a Clinical Trial There Was No Effect of Vitamin D on Physical Performance in Either Black or White Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A276-A277
Author(s):  
Lynette M Smith ◽  
J C Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
White Women ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Serum 25Ohd

Abstract Introduction: The effect of vitamin D supplementation on physical performance is controversial. Longitudinal cohort studies show very low levels of serum 25OHD (< 15- 20ng/ml) are associated with lower physical performance. There are few clinical trials of the effect of vitamin D on physical performance and results are mixed. Design: 163 white and 110 black independent living women entered a 12-month double blind randomized dose ranging study of daily vitamin D,400,800,1600,2400,3200,4,000,4800IU or placebo together with calcium supplement as needed for a total intake of 1200mg and mean diet vitamin D of 114 IU. Inclusion criteria: total serum 25OHD ≤ 20ng/ml (Diasorin RIA); no known disease or drugs affecting calcium or bone metabolism. Physical performance tests were performed at baseline and end as described in the Short physical performance battery (SPPB) that included Balance, Timed walk, Chair rising test. Additional tests included Timed up and Go, Grip strength and Balance (Biodex). Fall history was recorded at baseline and at 3-monthly visits. Serum 25OHD was measured by Diasorin RIA and LCMS, Free 25OHD was measured by Elisa (Future Diagnostics). Changes in physical performance and fallers were analyzed by dose groups and by quintiles of total and free serum 25OHD. This was a secondary analysis using Intent to treat strategy. Chi square and ANOVA determined association between dose, quintiles and tests. Results: Mean age 66.2 years (SD 7.3, range 57–87), mean BMI 30.3 kg/m2 (SD 5.9). Compliance, measured every 3 months, was 94% for vitamin D and 91% calcium. 147 White and 89 Black women completed study. There was significant better performance in physical performance in women < age 70 years compared to > age 70 years. Black women performed better with all tests except grip strength after adjustment for age and BMI. When the absolute change in test performance was examined according to serum total or free 25OHD quintiles there was no correlation between serum levels of 25OHD and change in any physical performance test except for an improvement in chair rising test in younger Black women. Conclusions: There is no significant effect of vitamin D on physical performance in either black or white women. In a previous analysis we found a significant U-shaped response in fall incidence in the serum 25OHD range 30-40ng/ml but in this analysis there is no correlation between physical performance of fallers versus non- fallers

Abstract MP008: Racial Differences in Total, Free, and Bioavailable 25(OH)D and PTH Levels and CVD Risk Among Postmenopausal Women

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Zhang ◽  
Wanzhu Tu ◽  
Lesley Tinker ◽  
JoAnn E Manson ◽  
Simin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
White Women ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Circulating Levels

Background: Recent evidence suggests that racial differences in circulating levels of free or bioavailable 25(OH)D rather than total 25(OH)D may explain the apparent racial disparities in cardiovascular disease(CVD).However, few prospective studies have directly tested this hypothesis. Objective: Our study prospectively examined black white differences in the associations of total, free, and bioavailable 25(OH)D, vitamin D binding protein (VDBP), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels at baseline with incident CVD in a large, multi-ethnic, geographically diverse cohort of postmenopausal women. Method: We conducted a case-cohort study among 79,705 black and non-Hispanic white postmenopausal women aged 50 to 79 years and free of CVD at baseline in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study (WHI-OS). We included a randomly chosen subcohort of 1,300 black and 1,500 white noncases at baseline and a total of 550 black and 1,500 white women who developed incident CVD during the follow up. We directly measured circulating levels of total 25(OH)D, VDBP (monoclonal antibody assay), albumin, and PTH and calculated free and bioavailable vitamin D levels. Weighted Cox proportional hazards models were used while adjusting for known CVD risk factors. Results: At baseline, white women had higher mean levels of total 25(OH)D and VDBP and lower mean levels of free and bioavailable 25(OH)D and PTH than black women (all P values < 0.0001). White cases had lower levels of total 25(OH)D and VDBP and higher levels of PTH than white noncases, while black cases had higher levels of PTH than black noncases (all P values < 0.05). There was a trend toward an increased CVD risk associated with low total 25(OH)D and VDBP levels or elevated PTH levels in both US black and white women. In the multivariable analyses, the total, free, and bioavailable 25(OH)D, and VDBP were not significantly associated with CVD risk in black or white women. A statistically significant association between higher PTH levels and increased CVD risk persisted in white women, however. The multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios [HRs] comparing the extreme quartiles of PTH were 1.37 (95% CI: 1.06-1.77; P-trend=0.02) for white women and 1.12 (95% CI: 0.79-1.58; P-trend=0.37) for black women. This positive association among white women was also independent of total, free, and bioavailable 25(OH)D or VDBP. There were no significant interactions with other pre-specified factors, including BMI, season of blood draw, sunlight exposure, recreational physical activity, sitting time, or renal function. Interpretation: Findings from a large multiethnic case-cohort study of US black and white postmenopausal women do not support the notion that circulating levels of vitamin D biomarkers may explain black-white disparities in CVD but indicate that PTH excess may be an independent risk factor for CVD in white women.

scholarly journals Physical Performance and Vitamin D in Elderly Black Women–The PODA Randomized Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 1441-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F Aloia ◽  
Mageda Mikhail ◽  
Melissa Fazzari ◽  
Shahidul Islam ◽  
Louis Ragolia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Physical Performance

scholarly journals High Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency Despite Supplementation in Premenopausal Women With Breast Cancer Undergoing Adjuvant Chemotherapy

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (13) ◽  
pp. 2151-2156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine D. Crew ◽  
Elizabeth Shane ◽  
Serge Cremers ◽  
Donald J. McMahon ◽  
Dinaz Irani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
White Women ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Vitamin D Levels

Purpose Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased breast cancer risk and decreased breast cancer survival. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, as measured by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), in premenopausal women at initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer and after 1 year of vitamin D supplementation. Patients and Methods The study included 103 premenopausal women from the northeastern United States with stages I to III breast cancer who received adjuvant chemotherapy and participated in a 1-year zoledronate intervention trial. All patients were prescribed vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) 400 IU and calcium carbonate 1,000 mg daily. At baseline and at 6 and 12 months, bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were obtained and blood was collected and analyzed in batches for serum 25-OHD. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-OHD less than 20 ng/mL, insufficiency as 20 to 29 ng/mL, and sufficiency as 30 ng/mL or greater. Results At baseline, 74% of women were vitamin D deficient (median, 17 ng/mL). Vitamin D deficiency was slightly less common in white women (66%) compared with black (80%) and Hispanic (84%) women. After vitamin D supplementation for 1 year, less than 15% of white and Hispanic women, and no black women, achieved sufficient 25-OHD levels. Vitamin D levels did not correlate with baseline BMD and were not altered by chemotherapy or bisphosphonate use. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent in women with breast cancer. The current recommended dietary allowance of vitamin D is too low to increase serum 25-OHD greater than 30 ng/mL. Optimal dosing for bone health and, possibly, improved survival has yet to be determined.

Einsatz und Nutzen funktioneller Parameter als Endpunkte in klinischen Ernährungsstudien

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (03) ◽  
pp. 162-172
Author(s):  
Ulrike Haß ◽  
Susann Schwejda-Güttes ◽  
Katharina Kuhn ◽  
Anja Markant
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Physical Performance Test ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Six Minute Walk Test ◽  
Minute Walk

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Eine ausreichende Muskelkraft und -funktion stellt eine Grundvoraussetzung für die Teilhabe am alltäglichen Leben und der damit verbundenen Autonomie des Patienten dar. Der diagnostische und prognostische Einsatz funktioneller Parameter zur Einschätzung von Muskelkraft und -funktion gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung. Hinsichtlich des Nutzens dieser Parameter als Endpunkte in klinischen Ernährungsstudien besteht allerdings noch Klärungsbedarf. Material und Methoden Es wurde eine umfangreiche Literaturrecherche zur Extraktion und Evaluierung etablierter funktioneller Parameter in der medizinischen Literaturdatenbank Pubmed ausgeführt. Die folgenden, häufig in Ernährungsstudien angewendeten, 8 Parameter wurden detailliert aufgearbeitet und miteinander verglichen: Handgreifkraft, knee extension peak torque, Six-Minute-Walk Test (6MWT), Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Physical Performance Test (PPT), Akzelerometrie und Barthel-Index. Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung Die Anwendung der funktionellen Parameter hat sich insbesondere in geriatrischen Ernährungsstudien bewährt. Hier zeigten sich neben der Handgreifkraft, dem SPPB und TUG auch das knee extension peak torque, der 6MWT sowie der Barthel-Index als geeignete funktionelle Endpunkte. Lediglich der PPT zeigte keine nennenswerten Vorteile gegenüber den in dieser Arbeit evaluierten funktionellen Parametern. Außerhalb der geriatrischen Population könnte die Akzelerometrie in der Onkologie als funktioneller Endpunkt in klinischen Ernährungsstudien herangezogen werden. Innerhalb der Intensivmedizin stellt die Nutzung funktioneller Parameter hinsichtlich der erforderlichen willkürlichen Muskelkraft derzeit noch eine Herausforderung dar.

Vitamin D metabolism in osteoporotic women during treatment with estrogen, an anabolic steroid, or calcitonin

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 715-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorthe Hartwell ◽  
Christian Hassager ◽  
Kirsten Overgaard ◽  
Bente Juel Riis ◽  
Jan Pødenphant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolites ◽  
Nandrolone Decanoate ◽  
Vitamin D Binding Protein ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Vitamin D Metabolism ◽  
Norethisterone Acetate

Abstract. We assessed the effects of a continuous oral combination of estradiol and norethisterone acetate, nandrolone decanoate, or salmon calcitonin on the vitamin D endocrine system. One hundred and nineteen postmenopausal women, aged 55-75 years, with at least one osteoporotic fracture, were randomly allocated to one year of treatment with estradiol and norethisterone acetate, nandrolone decanoate, or calcitonin, all drugs with a beneficial effect on bone. All three trials were double-blind and placebo-controlled; 104 women (87%) completed the study. We measured the total serum concentration of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) and vitamin D-binding protein, and estimated the free 1,25(OH)2D index and the "24-hydroxylase activity" initially, and at 6 and 12 months. Furthermore, the 24-h urinary excretions of calcium, phosphate, and adenosine 3'-5'-cyclic monophosphate were assessed initially and at 12 months. The serum concentration of vitamin D-binding protein and 1,25(OH)2D increased transiently during estradiol and norethisterone acetate treatment and vitamin D-binding protein decreased transiently during nandrolone decanoate treatment. None of the other parameters were significantly affected by any of the three treatments. The risk of type II errors was below 10 per cent for all vitamin D measurements. We conclude that the vitamin D metabolites are unlikely to be of major importance for the mechanism by which these drugs exert their positive skeletal effects.

scholarly journals Combined associations of 25-hydroxivitamin D and parathyroid hormone with diabetes risk and associated comorbidities among U.S. white and black women

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Xia ◽  
Wanzhu Tu ◽  
JoAnn E. Manson ◽  
Hongmei Nan ◽  
Aladdin H. Shadyab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Black Women ◽  
White Women ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Diabetes Status ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Joint Associations

Abstract Background/objectives There is evidence of black–white differences in vitamin D status and cardiometabolic health. This study aimed to further evaluate the joint associations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and parathyroid hormone (PTH) with risks of diabetes and related cardiometabolic comorbidities among white and black women. Subjects/methods We cross-sectionally and prospectively analyzed data from 1850 black and 3000 white postmenopausal women without cardiovascular disease or dialysis at baseline from the Women’s Health Initiative—Observational Study. Weighted Cox proportional hazards analyses and weighted logistic regression models were used to examine the joint associations of 25(OH)D and PTH with incident diabetes and prevalence of other diabetes-related cardiometabolic comorbidities (including CKD, hypertension, or obesity). Results We identified 3322 cases of obesity (n = 1629), hypertension (n = 2759), or CKD (n = 318) at baseline and 453 incident cases of diabetes during 11 years of follow-up. Cross-sectionally, lower 25(OH)D and higher PTH were independently associated with higher prevalence of hypertension [odds ratio (OR) = 0.79; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.72–0.87 and OR = 1.55; 95% CI: 1.39–1.73] among white women only. When stratified by diabetes status, compared to women with 25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/L and PTH ≤6.89 pmol/L (65 pg/mL), women who did not have diabetes with vitamin D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) and PTH excess (>6.89 pmol/L) had higher prevalence of CKD, hypertension, or obesity (OR = 4.23; 95% CI: 2.90–6.18) than women who had diabetes (OR = 1.89; 95% CI: 0.96–3.71). Prospectively, lower 25(OH)D was associated with lower diabetes incidence [hazard ratio (HR) = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.62–0.86] in white women. Jointly, compared to the group with 25(OH)D ≥50 nmol/L and PTH ≤6.89 pmol/L, white women with 25(OH)D deficiency (<50 nmol/L) had elevated risk for diabetes, regardless of PTH levels. Conclusions Low 25(OH)D and high PTH were jointly associated with increased risk of diabetes among white women only. Their joint associations with high prevalence of CKD, hypertension, and obesity were more pronounced among women without diabetes.

scholarly journals Effects of Resistance Exercise on Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performances in Elderly with Diagnosed Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Kyung Min Kim ◽  
Hyun Joo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Knee Extension Strength ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Appendicular Muscle Mass

PURPOSE: Sarcopenia, also known as the age-related loss of muscle mass and muscle fitness, and physical performance, has been related to many adverse health outcomes. Resistance exercise may have an important role in effecting strategy for sarcopenia in aging populations. The purpose of this study is to systematically assess the effects resistance exercise interventions on muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in elderly diagnosed with sarcopenia.METHODS: A comprehensive search on electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHLPlus, SPORTDiscus, KERIS, KISS, and NAL were conducted. Eligible studies were divided into exercise and randomized controlled trials in elderly with sarcopenia. Searches retrieved 1,067 titles. Eighty full texts were evaluated, and seven studies were used for final systematic reviews. CMA (Comprehensive Meta-Analysis) ver 3.0 was used for meta-analysis.RESULTS: Meta-analysis showed that lower muscle mass (ES=0.579, 95% CI: 0.266-0.892, <i>p</i>=.000), appendicular muscle mass (ES=0.341, 95% CI: 0.006-0.676, <i>p</i>=.046), right hand grip strength (ES=0.739, 95% CI: 0.216-1.262, <i>p</i>=.006), left hand grip strength (ES=0.692, 95% CI: 0.167-1.217, <i>p</i>=.010), knee extension strength (ES=1.448, 95% CI: 0.273-2.624, <i>p</i>=.016), and timed up and go (ES=1.471, 95% CI: 0.492-2.450, <i>p</i>=.003) significantly improved in response to resistance exercise programs.CONCLUSIONS: Sarcopenia is increasing with the growing elderly population; thus prevention and effective interventions are very important. The data suggest that resistance exercise may be actual in enhancing not only appendicular muscle mass, but also knee extension strength and timed up and go in elderly diagnosed with sarcopenia. Further follow-up studies on larger populations and a variety of approaches are required to reconfirm these results.

scholarly journals The association between maternal body weight and vitamin D status in early pregnancy: findings from the MO-VITD study

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghad Alhomaid ◽  
Maria Mulhern ◽  
Laura Cassidy ◽  
Eamon Laird ◽  
Martin Healy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Data ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Health And Social Care

AbstractMaternal BMI has been shown to be inversely correlated with vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations) during pregnancy. Pregnant women with obesity and with vitamin D deficiency are at risk of many adverse health outcomes in pregnancy.The aim of this study was to examine differences in maternal vitamin D status across normal weight, overweight and obese pregnant women in early pregnancy.Data collected at baseline from a double-blind randomised vitamin D intervention study (MO-VITD) were used. Pregnant women without pregnancy complications, aged > 18 years and having a singleton pregnancy were recruited between January 2016 and August 2017 at antenatal clinics in the Western Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland. Non-fasting blood samples were collected at 12 weeks gestation and analysed for total serum 25(OH)D, using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Data from 239 pregnant women (80 normal weight, 79 overweight, 80 obese) were included in the current analysis.The mean ± SD 25(OH)D concentration of all pregnant women at 12 weeks gestation was 52.0 ± 21.6 nmol/L. Women classed as obese or overweight had significantly lower 25(OH)D concentrations compared to women of normal weight (48.8 ± 20.3 vs 49.8 ± 20.4 vs. 57.5 ± 23.1 nmol/L, P = 0.019; obese, overweight, normal weight respectively). A total of 45% of all pregnant women were found to be either vitamin D deficient (25(OH)D < 25nmol/L; 13%) or insufficient (25–50 nmol/L; 32%) in early pregnancy. BMI was significantly negatively correlated with 25(OH)D concentrations (r = -0.168; P = 0.009). Regression analyses showed that BMI (β = -0.165; P = 0.006), season (β = 0.220; P = < 0.0001), supplement use (β = -0.268; P < 0.0001) and a sun holiday within the previous 6 months (β = -0.180; P = 0.010) were significant predictors of 25(OH)D concentrations. In early pregnancy, 62% of pregnant women reported using a supplement containing vitamin D and 38% reported no supplement use. Supplement users had a significantly higher vitamin D status than non-supplement users in all BMI categories but overall, 37% of supplement users were still classified as vitamin D insufficient. Vitamin D status was significantly lower in winter months compared to summer months. In early pregnancy, especially during winter months, pregnant women with obesity, particularly non-supplement users, are at higher risk of low vitamin D status. Based on the lower vitamin D status observed in early pregnancy in obese women, the effect of BMI on vitamin D supplementation throughout pregnancy needs to be examined.

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