scholarly journals Time Difference in the Social Transformation of China and Korea: A Case Study of Water-Moon Avalokiteśvara Paintings of the Song and Yuan Dynasties and the Koryŏ Dynasty

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-160
Author(s):  
Hyun Joo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Zen Buddhism ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Time Difference ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
The Social ◽  
To Receive

Abstract The Water-Moon form of Avalokiteśvara arose in China during the process of nativization of Buddhism in Tang China. Extant images of Water-Moon Avalokiteśvara tend to have been painted in either China or Korea, but there is an odd dislocation in the changes of style, with the colorful Koryŏ dynasty images paralleling not contemporary Song trends but rather those from hundreds of years earlier. That this effect might simply be a delay caused by geographical distance seems unlikely given the active cultural exchange between the two realms. Dramatic changes occurred in the Tang-Song era, including the rise of plebeian culture and Zen Buddhism. This carried over to a more minimalist style of art in China. Meanwhile, in Koryŏ, Buddhism continued to receive royal sponsorship and remain influential. This article argues that the differences in images and techniques between Koryŏ and Song-Yuan paintings of Water-Moon Avalokiteśvara were caused by the time difference in the social transformations of China and Korea.

GLOBAL SOCIAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE COORDINATES OF THE SOCIAL INNOVATION CONCEPT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Starostin
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sharp Turn ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article examines the processes of recomposing and revising methodological, theoretical, applied principles and approaches to social and humanitarian knowledge that have emerged in recent decades within the whole world and in relation to Russian society. As the key circumstances, the author highlights a sharp turn in local and global development associated with the collapse of the USSR and the social transformation of the Eastern European states (social transit), rapid progress at the opposite pole (China, India). Other aspects such as the rapid development of social and humanitarian innovations, the deployment of a new wave of multipolar globalization, generating new social realities of the micro and macrostructural level are mentioned. All this is relevantly reflected in the concept of global social transformations supported by UNESCO and the corresponding MOST program that is implemented with the participation of the Commission of the Russian Federation for UNESCO.

Cremation Cemeteries in the Northeastern Iberian Peninsula: Funeral Diversity and Social Transformation during the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 116-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Javier López-Cachero
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relevant Material

This article investigates the evolution of cremation rites during the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages in the northeastern Iberian Peninsula. Spectacular finds during the last decade have shed much light on this subject; for example, the discovery and excavation of the largest cremation cemetery to date (Can PiteuCan Roqueta with more than 1000 graves); or the restudy of other sites (Can Bech de Baix or Roques de Sant Formatge). Additionally, relevant material has been obtained from studies of: excavations of settlements with exceptional defensive systems (Vilars d'Arbeca); the preceding and founding layers of the Greek colony of Emporion; and the development of political territories in the River Ebro region and surroundings. A detailed analysis of information from these sites has considerably increased knowledge about the social transformations that occurred over the 600 to 700 year timescale of the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages.

scholarly journals Tibet's Invisible Languages and China's Language Endangerment Crisis: Lessons from the Gochang Language of Western Sichuan

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 186-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Roche ◽  
Yudru Tsomu
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Language Endangerment ◽  
Western Sichuan ◽  
The Social ◽  
Formal Recognition

AbstractChina is facing a language endangerment crisis, with half of its languages decreasing in number of speakers. This article contributes to the understanding of language endangerment in China with a case study of the Gochang language, which is spoken by about 10,000 Tibetans in western Sichuan. We describe Gochang as an “invisible” language – one that is overlooked by the state's ethnic and linguistic policies and thus is more vulnerable to the social transformations wrought by statist development. Using UNESCO's language vitality and endangerment framework to assess the endangerment of Gochang, we conclude that the language is “definitely endangered.” Our comparison of Gochang with other “invisible” languages in China shows that most are in a similar predicament, suggesting that China's language endangerment crisis is likely to continue unless these languages receive formal recognition or local governments take advantage of ambiguities in the policy framework to support them. The social impacts of a continuing, deepening language endangerment crisis in China are as yet unknown.

American populism, Glenn Beck and affective media production

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Jutel
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Media Production ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Political Ontology ◽  
Tea Party Movement ◽  
Fox News ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right

This article examines the centrality of affective media production to contemporary American populism with a case study of the right-wing broadcaster Glenn Beck. The rise of far-right media and Donald Trump in social media spaces demonstrates the convergence of the economic and political logic of affect. In soliciting the affective and collaborative labour of users, affective media necessarily deploys discourses of social transformation, autonomy and critical knowingness. Beck’s show exemplifies this logic with Beck functioning as a leader of the Tea Party movement who perform ‘free labour’ for Fox News and Beck’s own media empire, while experiencing this as a form of revolutionary education. Where this audience movement speaks to the political ontology of affective media is in the return of a fetishistic ‘symbolic efficiency’. In foreshadowing Trump, Beck articulates an antagonistic division of the social with a populist community of jouissance and individuation both threatened and constituted by the rapacious enemy.

scholarly journals “A greisse shishke has arrived”: Jewish Humor as a Key to Understanding Social Change in A. Mryi’s Novel “Samson Samasuy’s Notes”

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-108
Author(s):  
Marharyta Fabrykant ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Mutual Understanding ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Social Experiments ◽  
The Social ◽  
Jewish Humor ◽  
The Times

The paper is dedicated to the representations of Jewish humor as a space of developing an understanding of the social experiments of the social change of the 1920s as depicted in a satirical novel “Samson Samasuy’s Notes” written by a Belarusian writer A. Mryi in 1929. The novel’s main character, an ambitious civil servant, simultaneously naïve and unscrupulous, struggles to grasp the ever elusive spirit of the times and discerns its clearest shile also the most painful manifestations in the humor expressed by his Jewish neighbors as a reaction to his endeavors. The novel shows how the Jewish humor is intuitively understood by Jews and Slavs alike, even to those who are being laughed at and who are otherwise immune to any kind of critique directed at them. In this regard, the Jewish humor appears simultaneously a mode of mutual understanding between the Jewish and Slavic parts of the population and shared understanding of the social transformation, because it unmasks the often invalid claims of novelty in the agents of the local implementations of the social experiments of the 1920s. At the same time, this understanding gives limited yet quite reliable ways of checking the consequences of these experiments and recreating, even beyond the façade of the radical social transformations, of the former unity of collective and individual identity.

scholarly journals The welfare state in the mirror of social transformations

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
World Order ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Social Agenda ◽  
Mass Consciousness ◽  
The Social ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The monograph proposes theoretical and methodological approaches to analyzing the transformation of the modern social state under the influence of digital technologies that turn it into an" invisible digital platform", and socio-economic factors that contribute to strengthening its role as such. Changes in employment, health, education, and migration policies are considered. Country and regional practices of social transformation are analyzed. The article shows the reflection of social dynamics in the mass consciousness of citizens. Considerable attention is paid to the study of the place of the social agenda in the discussion of the future world order, as well as to finding out possible ways to implement its alternative options.

scholarly journals A Case Study of Enhancing Sustainable Intensification of Chinese Torreya Forest in Zhuji of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongwen Chen ◽  
Hangbiao Jin
Keyword(s):  
Local Economy ◽  
Sustainable Intensification ◽  
Southeastern China ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Translational Ecology ◽  
Torreya Grandis ◽  
To Receive

Chinese torreya (Torreya grandis cv. Merrillii) is an important cash tree in southeastern China and this species plays a major role in local economy. Establishing new plantations of Chinese torreya would be necessary in order to receive more economic benefit. However, expanding the area of torreya plantations would conflict with other land-use and also affect regional biodiversity. Under this context, local people and government made a paradigm shift from nuts productivity to sustainable practices. They explored the multi-functionalities of Chinese torreya forests, such as the social, cultural, environmental and health functionalities, and developed ecotourism as a breakthrough. The development of multi-functionalities of torreya plantations greatly improved the local economy and led a success in the local society. The strategy of this case completely followed the principles of sustainable intensification of agriculture and translational ecology, which involve scientists, stakeholders and policy makers to emphasize landscape multi-functionalities and minimize environmental impacts of operations. The knowledge from this study may be helpful to research in other regions.

Do We Really Care About Artificial Intelligence?

2020 ◽  
pp. 234-251
Author(s):  
João Guerreiro
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Driving Cars ◽  
Near Future ◽  
New Algorithms

Although Artificial Intelligence (AI) is based on research from the 20th century, computation and new algorithms have only recently allowed AI to gain momentum and practical applications in society. Examples of such uses include self-driving cars and autonomous robots that are changing society and how we interact. Despite these advances, the discussion about the social transformations and ethical implications of this new reality remains scarce. This chapter reviews the current stance of ethical and social transformation discussions on AI and presents a framework for future developments. The main contributions of the chapter allow researchers to understand the major gaps in research that may be explored further in this topic and allow practitioners to gain a better picture of how AI may change society in the near future and how society should prepare for those changes.

scholarly journals “AQUI NÃO TEM GANGUE, TEM FACÇÃO”: AS TRANSFORMAÇÕES SOCIAIS DO CRIME EM FORTALEZA.

Caderno CRH ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (85) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Fábio S. Paiva
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Mots Clés ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Il Y A ◽  
Transformation Sociale ◽  
Effects Of Violence ◽  
The City

<p>O artigo analisa o processo de transformação social do crime nas periferias da cidade de Fortaleza, estado do Ceará, Brasil, mediante a constituição de coletivos criminais conhecidos como “facções”. Evidencia como as gangues e quadrilhas de traficantes ofereceram as condições objetivas para o processo de adesão a esses coletivos que, entre outras coisas, afetaram as maneiras de fazer o crime na cidade. A pesquisa se desenvolveu em uma dinâmica de investigação qualitativa e multissituada, articulando matérias da imprensa, entrevistas e conversações, à luz de uma perspectiva compreensiva dos sentidos e relações pertinentes ao fenômeno estudado. A análise considera múltiplos efeitos sociais da violência em circunstâncias criadas por coletivos criminais que se enfrentam e buscam exercer poder de governo sobre populações com as quais compartilham determinados sofrimentos sociais, e demonstra mudanças na escala de violência e interferência das pessoas que fazem o crime, com práticas de tortura, expulsão de residências e chacinas envolvendo homens e mulheres. Conclui que as “facções” criaram dinâmicas de governo locais que resultam em formas de dominação e sujeição dos pobres em Fortaleza.</p><p><strong>“THERE ISN’T GANG HERE, THERE’S ‘FACÇÃO’”: the social transformations of crime in Fortaleza, Brasil </strong></p><p>This paper discusses the social transformation process of crime in Fortaleza’s peripheries through the constitution of criminal collectives known as “facções”. It evidences how gangs and drug trafficking groups offered objective conditions to the process of joining these collectives which, among other circumstances, affected the forms of crime in the City. The research was developed in a dynamic of qualitative and multisituated investigation, articulating press material, interviews and conversations in the light of a comprehensive perspective of the senses and the relations within the studied phenomenon. It considers the multiple social effects of violence in circumstances created by criminal collectives that are facing each other and seek to exert power of government over populations with which they share certain social sufferings. The paper also demonstrates a change in the scale of violence and interference of people who commit crimes with torture, expulsion and slaughter involving men and women. It concludes that the “facções” created dynamics of government that result in forms of domination and subjection of the poorpopulation in Fortaleza, Brazil.</p><p>Keywords: Violence. Crime. Criminal collectives. Facções. Periphery</p><p><strong>“ICI, IL N’Y A PAS DE GANG, IL Y A UNE FACTIONS”: les transformations sociales du crime à Fortaleza, Brasil</strong></p><p>L’article analyse le processus de transformation sociale du crime dans les quartiers populaires de la ville de Fortaleza au travers de la constitution de groupes criminels connus sous la dénomination de “factions”. Je mets en évidence comment les gangs et les bandes organisés de trafiquants ont fourni les conditions objectives au processus d’adhésion à ces collectifs qui, parmi d’autres choses, ont influé sur les manières de faire du crime dans la ville. La recherche a été menée dans une dynamique d’enquête qualitative et multisituée, en mettant en relation des articles journalistiques, des entretiens et des conversations, en suivant la voie d’une perspective compréhensive des sens et des relations pertinentes vis-à-vis du phénomène étudié. Je prends en considération de multiples effets sociaux de la violence dans des circonstances créées par des groupes criminels qui s’affrontent et cherchent à exercer un pouvoir de gouvernement des populations avec lesquelles ils partagent certaines souffrances sociales. Je démontre le changement dans l’échelle de la violence et de perturbations des personnes qui participent au crime, avec des pratiques de torture, d’expulsion de domicile et de massacres impliquant des hommes et des femmes. J’en conclus que les «factions» ont créé des dynamiques de gouvernement engendrant des formes de domination et d’assujettissement des pauvres à Fortaleza, Brasil.</p><p>Mots-clés: Violence. Crime. Groupes criminels. Factions. Quartiers populaires.</p>

scholarly journals Trabajo social, sociopraxis y metodologías participativas: retos, oportunidades y transiciones de lo local a lo global

2020 ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Antonio Álvarez-Benavides
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Transformations ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Trabajo Social ◽  
History Of Social Work

La historia del trabajo social (TS) en España está condicionada por el papel de la Iglesia y del catolicismo en la concepción epistemológica y práctica de la asistencia social y del TS. Esta historia ha tenido una serie de consecuencias, como la tardía institucionalización de la profesión, las dificultades de su incorporación a las universidades y su equiparación con otras ciencias sociales. Estos procesos, a su vez, han provocado dos fenómenos que tienen una dimensión interna y externa: el asistencialismo y la protocolización. Sin embargo, un nuevo contexto de equiparación del TS con el resto de estudios universitarios a través del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) y las transformaciones sociales durante y después de la crisis económica invitan al replanteamiento de la profesión y de la ciencia. Este texto pretende ser una reflexión sobre las potencialidades de la sociopraxis y de las metodologías participativas en dicha reformulación, como puntos de partida y herramientas para plantear una nueva relación entre trabajadores/ as sociales y destinarios. Además, se analizarán las posibilidades de transformación social que promueven estas epistemologías y metodologías en la práctica profesional, formativa y académica del trabajador/a social en el ámbito local, comunitario y en la sociedad en su conjunto.The history of Social Work in Spain is conditioned by the role of Catholicism in the epistemological and practical conception of social assistance and social work. This history has had several consequences: late institutionalization and professionalization, and difficult incorporation to the universities compared to other social sciences. These processes have caused internal and external results: assistentialism and protocolization. However, a new context in which Social Work has been equated with university studies through the EHEA and social transformations due to the economic crisis invites us to rethink Social Work as a profession and as a science. This text aims to reflect on the potentialities of sociopraxis and participatory methodologies in such reformulation, as the starting points and tools to pose a new relation between social workers and stakeholders. It will also analyze the capacity of social transformation promoted by these epistemologies and methods in the social worker professional, formative, and academic practice in the local and communitarian sphere and the whole society.

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