scholarly journals Common principles of early mammalian embryo self-organisation

Development ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 (14) ◽  
pp. dev183079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berenika Płusa ◽  
Anna Piliszek
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Development ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Mammalian Embryo ◽  
Early Mammalian Embryo ◽  
Physical Forces ◽  
Self Organisation ◽  
Unifying Principles ◽  
Morphogenic Process ◽  
Early Mammalian Development

ABSTRACTPre-implantation mammalian development unites extreme plasticity with a robust outcome: the formation of a blastocyst, an organised multi-layered structure ready for implantation. The process of blastocyst formation is one of the best-known examples of self-organisation. The first three cell lineages in mammalian development specify and arrange themselves during the morphogenic process based on cell-cell interactions. Despite decades of research, the unifying principles driving early mammalian development are still not fully defined. Here, we discuss the role of physical forces, and molecular and cellular mechanisms, in driving self-organisation and lineage formation that are shared between eutherian mammals.

Symmetry Breaking in the Mammalian Embryo

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 405-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Ting Zhang ◽  
Takashi Hiiragi
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Model System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Mammalian Development ◽  
Mammalian Embryo ◽  
Early Mammalian Development

We present an overview of symmetry breaking in early mammalian development as a continuous process from compaction to specification of the body axes. While earlier studies have focused on individual symmetry-breaking events, recent advances enable us to explore progressive symmetry breaking during early mammalian development. Although we primarily discuss embryonic development of the mouse, as it is the best-studied mammalian model system to date, we also highlight the shared and distinct aspects between different mammalian species. Finally, we discuss how insights gained from studying mammalian development can be generalized in light of self-organization principles. With this review, we hope to highlight new perspectives in studying symmetry breaking and self-organization in multicellular systems.

scholarly journals Teratogenic Nephrotoxicity induced by aluminium

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mammona Nasim
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Mammalian Development ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
Uterine Growth ◽  
Intra Uterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Early Mammalian Development

The intensified growth of the modern industry has been accompanied by an increased utilization of metals in the processing of manufactured goods, foods and drugs. The mobilization of many trace elements has resulted in a growing concern about the effects of these substances on various biological processes especially about their possible effects on early mammalian development Hardness of drinking water has positively been correlated to lethal congenital malformations. Chemical agents and pharmaceutical drugs play a very important role in the teratogenesis. Amongst other trace elements or environmental chemicals, aluminium has been reported to have teratogenic properties in chick and rats. So the present study was carried out to establish the role of aluminium containing compounds in producing intra-uterine growth retardation and defected renal development, when the pregnant mothers use these compounds for various periods during pregnancy.

scholarly journals FGF/ERK signaling pathway: how it operates in mammalian preimplantation embryos and embryo-derived stem cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4-5) ◽  
pp. 171-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Soszyńska ◽  
Katarzyna Klimczewska ◽  
Aneta Suwińska
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Mammalian Development ◽  
Mammalian Embryo ◽  
Extracellular Signal Regulated Kinase ◽  
Extracellular Signals ◽  
Extracellular Signal

The integration of extracellular signals and lineage-specific transcription factors allows cells to react flexibly to their environment, thus endowing the mammalian embryo with the capacity of regulative development. The combination of genetic and pharmacological tools allowing disruption of the fibroblast growth factor / extracellular signal-regulated kinase (FGF/ERK) pathway, together with animal models expressing lineage-specific reporters provided new insights into the role of this signaling cascade during mammalian development, as well as in embryo-derived stem cells. Here, we combine current knowledge acquired from different mammalian models to consider the universality of this cascade in specifying cellular fate across mammalian species.

scholarly journals Breakthroughs and challenges of modern developmental biology and reproductive medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4-5) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Simon Fishel ◽  
Anna-Katerina Hadjantonakis ◽  
Berenika Plusa ◽  
Laura Rienzi ◽  
Yojiro Yamanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Reproductive Medicine ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Mammalian Development ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Mammalian Embryogenesis ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Review State ◽  
Early Mammalian Development

In recent decades we have witnessed unprecedented progress in the field of the developmental biology of mammals. Building on 20th century discoveries, we have managed to increase our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms governing early mammalian embryogenesis and link them to other biological questions, such as stem cells, regeneration, cancer, or tissue and organ formation. Consequently, it has also led to a creation of a completely new branch of reproductive medicine, i.e. assisted reproductive technology (ART). In this Special Issue of The International Journal of Developmental Biology (Int. J. Dev. Biol.) we wished to review state-of-the-art research regarding early mammalian development, from fertilization up to the implantation stage, and discuss its potential meaning for practical applications, including ART. As an introduction to the issue we present a compilation of short essays written by the most renowned scientists in the field, working both in basic and clinical research. The essays are dedicated to the greatest breakthroughs and challenges of 21st century developmental biology and reproductive medicine.

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