scholarly journals Sperm-borne miR-202 targets SEPT7 and regulates first cleavage of bovine embryos via cytoskeletal remodeling

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. dev.189670
Author(s):  
Mengyun Wang ◽  
Yue Du ◽  
Song Gao ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Pengxiang Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Cytoskeletal Remodeling ◽  
Cleavage Process ◽  
Bovine Sperm ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Expression Libraries

In mammals, sperm-borne regulators can be transferred to oocytes during fertilization and have different effects on the formation of pronuclei, the first cleavage of zygotes, the development of preimplantation embryos and even the metabolism of individuals after birth. The regulatory role of sperm microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development of bovine preimplantation embryos has not been reported in detail. By constructing and screening miRNA expression libraries, we found that miR-202 was highly enriched in bovine sperm. As a target gene of miR-202, co-injection of SEPT7 siRNA can partially reverse the accelerated first cleavage of bovine embryos caused by miR-202 inhibitor. In addition, both a miR-202 mimic and SEPT7 siRNA delayed the first cleavage of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos, suggesting that miR-202-SEPT7 mediates the delay of first cleavage of bovine embryos. By further exploring the relationship between miR-202 /SEPT7, HDAC6 and acetylated α-tubulin during embryonic development, we investigated how sperm-borne miR-202 regulated the first cleavage process of bovine embryos by SEPT7 and demonstrated the potential of sperm-borne miRNAs to improve the efficiency of SCNT.

scholarly journals Somatic cell nuclear transfer alters peri-implantation trophoblast differentiation in bovine embryos

Reproduction ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R Arnold ◽  
Vilceu Bordignon ◽  
Réjean Lefebvre ◽  
Bruce D Murphy ◽  
Lawrence C Smith
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Placental Development ◽  
Trophoblast Differentiation ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
And Function

Abnormal placental development limits success in ruminant pregnancies derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), due to reduction in placentome number and consequently, maternal/fetal exchange. In the primary stages of an epithelial–chorial association, the maternal/fetal interface is characterized by progressive endometrial invasion by specialized trophoblast binucleate/giant cells (TGC). We hypothesized that dysfunctional placentation in SCNT pregnancies results from aberration in expression of genes known to be necessary for trophoblast proliferation (Mash2), differentiation (Hand1), and function (IFN-τ and PAG-9). We, therefore, compared the expression of these factors in trophoblast from bovine embryos derived from artificial insemination (AI), in vitro fertilization (IVF), and SCNT prior to (day 17) and following (day 40 of gestation) implantation, as well as TGC densities and function. In preimplantation embryos, Mash2 mRNA was more abundant in SCNT embryos compared to AI, while Hand1 was highest in AI and IVF relative to SCNT embryos. IFN-τ mRNA abundance did not differ among groups. PAG-9 mRNA was undetectable in SCNT embryos, present in IVF embryos and highest in AI embryos. In postimplantation pregnancies, SCNT fetal cotyledons displayed higher Mash2 and Hand1 than AI and IVF tissues. Allelic expression of Mash2 was not different among the groups, which suggests that elevated mRNA expression was not due to altered imprinting status of Mash2. The day 40 SCNT cotyledons had the fewest number of TGC compared to IVF and AI controls. Thus, expression of genes critical to normal placental development is altered in SCNT bovine embryos, and this is expected to cause abnormal trophoblast differentiation and contribute to pregnancy loss.

Effect of ezrin regulation by sperm-borne miR-183 on the formation of microvilli and early development of bovine embryos.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenzi Zuo ◽  
Xu Liu ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Fang Qiao ◽  
Jingyi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Transfer ◽  
Apoptotic Index ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Bovine Embryos ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Regulatory Relationship ◽  
Bovine Sperm ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Abstract Background: Mature sperm contain both coding and non-coding RNAs, which can be delivered into an oocyte with the sperm at fertilization. Accumulating evidence shows that these sperm-borne RNAs play crucial roles in epigenetic reprogramming, remodeling, embryonic development, and offspring phenotype. MiR-183 is highly expressed in bovine sperm, and can be delivered into oocytes during fertilization. Results: Here we used bioinformatics and luciferase assays to show that the ezrin gene, EZR, is one of the targets of miR-183 in early embryos, while gain- and loss-of-function studies demonstrated their regulatory relationship. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the density of microvilli on the surface of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos was significantly higher than on in vitro fertilized (IVF) embryos and was significantly reduced by injection of miR-183. EZR-siRNA injected into SCNT embryos had a similar effect. This indicated that a deficiency in sperm-borne miRNA-183 might lead to abnormal changes in microvilli by down-regulating ezrin protein. We used bioinformatics to select the proteins that worked in combination with ezrin to regulate microvilli function. Co-IP mass spectrometry and immunofluorescence identified SLC9A3R1 as the protein functioning in synergy with ezrin in early bovine embryos. Gain-of-function studies showed that miR-183 significantly improved developmental competence of SCNT embryo in terms of cleavage (76.63% vs 64.32%, p<0.05), blastocyst formation (43.75% vs 28.26%, p<0.05), apoptotic index (5.21% vs 12.64%, p<0.05), and the trophoblast ratio (32.65% vs 25.58%, p<0.05) in day 7 blastocysts. Conclusions: In conclusion, the present studies indicated that sperm-borne miR-183 might influence the formation of microvilli and embryo development by regulating expression of EZR mRNA.

scholarly journals Characteristics and Possible Role of Bovine Sperm Head-to-Head Agglutination

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1865
Author(s):  
Kohei Umezu ◽  
Shouhei Kurata ◽  
Hironori Takamori ◽  
Takashi Numabe ◽  
Yuuki Hiradate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Biological Significance ◽  
Sperm Head ◽  
Sperm Viability ◽  
Fertilization Process ◽  
Bovine Sperm ◽  
Fertilizing Ability ◽  
The Relationship

Although sperm head-to-head agglutination has been reported in many mammalian species, the biological significance of this unique sperm–sperm interaction remains largely unknown. Here, we aimed to examine the functional characteristics of agglutinated bovine sperm to determine the possible role of sperm agglutination in the fertilization process. We initially examined temporal changes to the degree of head-to-head agglutination in culture, and found that bovine sperm agglutinated despite the lack of sperm agglutination inducers in medium. Sperm viability and motility were evaluated by SYBR14/PI and JC-1 staining, respectively, to identify the relationship between sperm agglutination and fertilizing ability. Agglutinated sperm had increased motility, viability, and intact mitochondrial function compared with unagglutinated sperm. Furthermore, we found that heparin significantly increased the percentage of unagglutinated sperm, but did not affect viability of both agglutinated and unagglutinated sperm, suggesting that sperm agglutination dictated the viability. In conclusion, agglutinated bovine sperm maintained viability and motility for a longer time than unagglutinated sperm. Thus, we propose that the head-to-head agglutination is a crucial sperm–sperm interaction to ensure the fertilizing ability of sperm.

Choosing a Markov blanket

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr
Keyword(s):  
Markov Blanket ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

Staring Down Death

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Joiner ◽  
Melanie A. Hom ◽  
Megan L. Rogers ◽  
Carol Chu ◽  
Ian H. Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Blink Rate ◽  
Specific Task ◽  
Careful Planning ◽  
Eye Blink ◽  
Eye Blinks ◽  
Potential Clinical Utility ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Background: Lowered eye blink rate may be a clinically useful indicator of acute, imminent, and severe suicide risk. Diminished eye blink rates are often seen among individuals engaged in heightened concentration on a specific task that requires careful planning and attention. Indeed, overcoming one’s biological instinct for survival through suicide necessitates premeditation and concentration; thus, a diminished eye blink rate may signal imminent suicidality. Aims: This article aims to spur research and clinical inquiry into the role of eye blinks as an indicator of acute suicide risk. Method: Literature relevant to the potential connection between eye blink rate and suicidality was reviewed and synthesized. Results: Anecdotal, cognitive, neurological, and conceptual support for the relationship between decreased blink rate and suicide risk is outlined. Conclusion: Given that eye blinks are a highly observable behavior, the potential clinical utility of using eye blink rate as a marker of suicide risk is immense. Research is warranted to explore the association between eye blink rate and acute suicide risk.

Parenting Behaviors and Anxiety in Young Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin N. Stevens ◽  
Joseph R. Bardeen ◽  
Kyle W. Murdock
Keyword(s):  
Effortful Control ◽  
Parenting Behaviors ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Parental Overprotection ◽  
High Control ◽  
Development Of Anxiety ◽  
The Relationship

Parenting behaviors – specifically behaviors characterized by high control, intrusiveness, rejection, and overprotection – and effortful control have each been implicated in the development of anxiety pathology. However, little research has examined the protective role of effortful control in the relation between parenting and anxiety symptoms, specifically among adults. Thus, we sought to explore the unique and interactive effects of parenting and effortful control on anxiety among adults (N = 162). Results suggest that effortful control uniquely contributes to anxiety symptoms above and beyond that of any parenting behavior. Furthermore, effortful control acted as a moderator of the relationship between parental overprotection and anxiety, such that overprotection is associated with anxiety only in individuals with lower levels of effortful control. Implications for potential prevention and intervention efforts which specifically target effortful control are discussed. These findings underscore the importance of considering individual differences in self-regulatory abilities when examining associations between putative early-life risk factors, such as parenting, and anxiety symptoms.

Social Support, Emotional Intelligence, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Hofman ◽  
Austin M. Hahn ◽  
Christine K. Tirabassi ◽  
Raluca M. Gaher
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Exposure to traumatic events and the associated risk of developing Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms is a significant and overlooked concern in the college population. It is important for current research to identify potential protective factors associated with the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms unique to this population. Emotional intelligence and perceived social support are two identified protective factors that influence the association between exposure to traumatic events and PTSD symptomology. The current study examined the mediating role of social support in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD symptoms. Participants included 443 trauma-exposed university students who completed online questionnaires. The results of this study indicated that social support mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and reported PTSD symptoms. Thus, emotional intelligence is significantly associated with PTSD symptoms and social support may play an integral role in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD. The current study is the first to investigate the role of social support in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD symptoms. These findings have important treatment and prevention implications with regard to PTSD.

Coping Humor as a Mediator Between Emotional Intelligence and Job Satisfaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peizhen Sun ◽  
Jennifer J. Chen ◽  
Hongyan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Primary School Teachers ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Regulation Of Emotion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Overall Job Satisfaction

Abstract. This study investigated the mediating role of coping humor in the relationship between emotional intelligence (EI) and job satisfaction. Participants were 398 primary school teachers in China, who completed the Wong Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, Coping Humor Scale, and Overall Job Satisfaction Scale. Results showed that coping humor was a significant mediator between EI and job satisfaction. A further examination revealed, however, that coping humor only mediated two sub-dimensions of EI (use of emotion and regulation of emotion) and job satisfaction. Implications for future research and limitations of the study are discussed.

The mediating role of dissociation and shame in the relationship between emotional trauma and maladaptive daydreaming.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Ferrante ◽  
Alessia Marino ◽  
Fanny Guglielmucci ◽  
Adriano Schimmenti
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Trauma ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Maladaptive Daydreaming
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document