Hormone control in regeneration: effects of somatostatin on appendage regeneration, blood glucose and liver glycogen in Diemictylus viridescens

Development ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
S. Vethamany-Globus ◽  
M. Globus ◽  
J. A. Hartford ◽  
I. Fraser ◽  
D. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Tail Regeneration ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Total Inhibition ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Hormone Control

In the present communication, synthetic somatostatin, a hypothalamic factor which has a known inhibitory effect on the release of growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, insulin and glucagon in man and other mammals, was found to have an inhibitory effect on limb and tail regeneration in adult Diemictylus viridescens, when the newts were treated with a daily dose of 3·5 or 15 µg/animal for a period of 34 days post-amputation. At the higher dose, the animals exhibited total inhibition of appendage regeneration in a few cases and the remainder showed a considerable delay compared to the controls; none of the experimental animals reached the advanced four-digit stage achieved by the controls. Furthermore, the blood glucose and liver glycogen values in the somatostatin-treated animals were significantly lower than the control values. Mechanisms in the storage, mobilization and utilization of glucose (involving hormones) are discussed in relation to appendage regeneration in the newt and possible controls of regeneration at the level of the hypothalamus are suggested.

The synthesis of model lactones of cyclolignan type

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 2123-2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Křepelka ◽  
Jiří Holubek
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Borohydride ◽  
Catalytic Hydrogenation ◽  
Dicarboxylic Acids ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Experimental Animals

Lactones VI-IX were prepared on reduction of anhydrides of 4-aryl-1-methoxynaphthalene-2,3-dicarboxylic acids IV and V with sodium borohydride in methanol. Catalytic hydrogenation on platinum of lactones VIII and IX gave lactones with hydrogenated ring A, or A and C. Lactones XII and XIII were found to possess an inhibitory effect on the growth of the tumour S 37 in experimental animals.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of Cucumis melo var. momordica fruit extract on experimental animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Alok Mukerjee ◽  
Abhishek Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Positive Control Group ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Glucose Levels

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus is a major public health issue related to the irregular metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fat. It occurs due to insufficient insulin production and insulin action. Cucumis melo possesses several biological properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antihypothyroidism, and antiangiogenic activities. The objective of the present study was to determine the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of Cucumis melo var. momordica fruit extract on experimental animals. Result Results show that treatment with C. melo fruit extract and fraction caused a reduction in blood glucose levels. Cucumis melo toluene fraction (CMTF) exhibited a significant (*P < 0.05) reduction of blood glucose level on the 28th day, i.e., 122 mg/dL, in comparison with the positive control group (streptozotocin (STZ)). However, the extract of C. melo showed less significant results in comparison with CMTF. Triglyceride, LDL, and VLDL levels were increased chronically due to STZ and were significantly (*P < 0.05) restored to 84.16, 86.97, and 19.73, respectively, by CMTF in comparison with the positive control group (STZ in the dose of 55 mg/kg). The extract-treated groups also showed similar results as CMTF, but their efficacy was lesser than CMTF. Conclusion It is can be concluded that C. melo fruits can be used as an effective antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic drug. Graphical abstract

Carbohydrate metabolism of mice exposed to simulated changes in gravity

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiro Oyama ◽  
William T. Platt
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Critical Function ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glycogen Deposition ◽  
Adrenal Corticosterone

Unrestrained mice were centrifuged for varying periods ranging from 0.5 to 10 hr at 2.5, 5, and 10 x gravity. Liver glycogen and blood glucose levels increased significantly depending on the g load and exposure time. Adrenalectomy completely abolished the glycogen deposition response. The glycogen response was a critical function of the age of mice; unweaned mice did not respond. Blood corticosterone increased significantly prior to the deposition of glycogen. Centrifuged fed mice deposited three times the amount of glycogen of fasted mice. There was no significant difference in the amount of glycogen deposited in centrifuged mice previously starved for 1, 2, or 3 days. It is concluded that the increased glycogen deposited following centrifugation is effected by an increased elaboration of adrenal corticosterone.

scholarly journals Levels of Blood Glucose in Animals Try Wistar White Mix (Rattus Norvegicus) Dined by Green Beans of Sari Bean Packaging

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Maruni Wiwin Diarti ◽  
Siti Zaetun ◽  
Urip . ◽  
Yunan Jiwintarum ◽  
Baiq Anies Trisnasanti
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Green Bean ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Reduce Blood Glucose

Functional food is food that is naturally or through a process that is beneficial to health. One functional food is a green bean juice packaging beverage that can reduce blood glucose levels. High fiber content, low glycemic index and flavonoids, and polyphenols in green beans (Phaseolus radiatus L) can reduce glucose levels in the blood. This study used experimental animals 7 tails. All experimental animals were given packaged mung bean juice 2 times a day for 9 days by means of a round. The mean results of an examination of blood glucose levels in white rat experimental animals before giving packaged green bean juice drinks was 85 mg dl, while the average results of an examination of blood glucose levels in experimental rats after administration of packaged green bean juice were 75 mg/dl. The results of the Paired T-test statistical test obtained p = 0,000 <α = 0.05. Packaged green bean juice can reduce blood glucose levels in animals testing white rats.

Effect of Food Thickener on the Inhibitory Effect of Mitiglinide Tablets on Post-prandial Elevation of Blood Glucose Levels

Dysphagia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Tomita ◽  
Hidekazu Goto ◽  
Kenji Sumiya ◽  
Tadashi Yoshida ◽  
Katsuya Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Food Thickener

VARIATIONS IN GLUCAGON RESPONSE AMONG JUVENILE DIABETICS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1002-1006
Author(s):  
Donnell D. Etzwiler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Juvenile Diabetics ◽  
Glycogen Stores ◽  
Initial Blood ◽  
Hyperglycemic Effect

Glucagon or a placebo preparation was administered to 65 juvenile diabetics on 74 separate occasions. When the initial blood glucose of these children showed them to be in reasonably good control, glucagon produced a hyperglycemic effect. However, when the blood glucose levels were markedly elevated, the effect of glucagon was less predictable. The depletion of liver glycogen stores and the possible effect of contaminating insulin in glucagon preparations are discussed.

Rat Prl and TSH secretion are regulated differently by K(+)-channel blockers

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (1) ◽  
pp. E39-E43 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Wang ◽  
T. Inukai ◽  
M. A. Greer ◽  
S. E. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Channel Blocker ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Pituitary Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
K Channels ◽  
Tsh Secretion

All four different K(+)-channel blockers [tetraethylammonium (TEA), a nonselective K(+)-channel blocker; tolbutamide, an ATP-sensitive K(+)-channel blocker; quinine and 4-aminopyridine, both primarily voltage-dependent K(+)-channel blockers] stimulated prolactin (Prl) secretion by acutely dispersed anterior pituitary cells but had no effect on thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion. TEA stimulated Prl secretion in a dose-dependent manner between 1 microM and 20 mM, but even as high as 20 mM, TEA did not induce TSH secretion. Valinomycin (2 microM), a K+ ionophore, inhibited both basal and TEA-induced Prl secretion. TEA-stimulated Prl secretion was abolished by using a Ca(2+)-depleted medium or adding 10 microM dopamine. TEA did not reverse the inhibitory effect of dopamine on thyrotropin-releasing hormone-induced Prl secretion. Our data indicate that K+ channels may play a role in the secretion of adenohypophysial hormones that is idiosyncratic for each hormone. Differences in the role of K+ channels may reflect differences between the various pituitary cell types in plasma membrane ion channel composition, membrane potential, or the mechanism of exocytosis.

Endurance training attenuates stress hormone responses to exercise in fasted rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 243 (1) ◽  
pp. R179-R184 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Winder ◽  
M. A. Beattie ◽  
R. T. Holman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Liver Glycogen ◽  
Stress Hormone ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Fasted State ◽  
Hormone Responses ◽  
Exercise Muscle ◽  
Fasted Rats

Endurance exercise training produces major adaptations in hormonal and metabolic responses to exercise. This study was designed to determine whether the differences in hormone response persist in the fasted condition when liver glycogen is depleted. Rats were run on a motor-driven rodent treadmill 5 days/wk for periods up to 2 h/day for 10 wk. Trained and nontrained rats were then fasted 24 h and were run for periods ranging from 0- to 60 min. At the end of 60 min of exercise muscle glycogen was higher in trained rats (2.9 +/- 0.3 vs. 1.1 +/- 0.1 mg/g). Blood glucose was maintained at higher levels in trained rats throughout the course of the exercise (3.2 +/- 0.1 vs. 2.3 +/- 0.1 mM after 60 min). Plasma concentrations of glucagon and epinephrine increased in both groups during the exercise but were significantly lower in trained animals. Differences between trained and nontrained animals in stress hormone responses to exercise persist in the fasted state and appear to be a consequence of the capacity of trained animals to maintain higher blood glucose levels.

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