A review of current and developing potable water treatment processes

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
D G Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Regulatory Requirements ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Scale Of Operation ◽  
Potable Water Treatment

The changes in water treatment technology that have occurred within the United Kingdom over the past 25–30 years, together with the present direction of development, are reviewed. Water treatment for public supply differs from many other process technologies, notably in the large scale of operation, the longevity of the plant, the regulatory environment and the slow rate at which new processes can be introduced. Thus, many developments are initiated as a result of regulatory requirements rather than economic factors. Reliability is paramount, and this leads to mechanical simplicity.

A CFD-based simulation study of a large scale flocculation tank for potable water treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Samaras ◽  
A. Zouboulis ◽  
T. Karapantsios ◽  
M. Kostoglou
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Potable Water Treatment

Cost analysis of large scale membrane treatment systems for potable water treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pasa Hüseyin Ari ◽  
Hale Ozgun ◽  
Mustafa Evren Ersahin ◽  
Ismail Koyuncu
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Membrane Treatment ◽  
Potable Water Treatment

Evaluation of an emerging water treatment technology: ceramic membranes

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Kommineni ◽  
J. Bryck ◽  
C. Stringer ◽  
C. Stevens ◽  
N. Meyers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
River Water ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Pilot Testing ◽  
Potable Water Treatment

Historically, low-pressure membranes (microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF)) used in potable water treatment are made of polymers (polysulfone (PS), polypropylene (PP), polyethersulfone (PES), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) etc). Recently, membranes made of ceramic materials (aluminium oxide) have been developed by MetaWater (Japan), Kubota (Japan) and others and is being marketed in the United States (US) by Krüger, Inc. (Cary, NC). Ceramic membranes offer several potential advantages over polymeric membranes, including higher mechanical robustness and ability to handle higher loading of particulates, higher resistance to oxidants and membrane cleaning chemicals, higher membrane integrity, longer service life and compact footprint. The authors conducted collaborative evaluations of this emerging technology at two different places; (i) Elm Fork Water Treatment Plant (WTP) of Dallas Water Utilities (DWU), Dallas, Texas, USA and (ii) Graham Mesa WTP, City of Rifle, Rifle, Colorado, USA. The evaluations included pilot testing of ceramic membranes in direct filtration mode (i.e. without clarification) and with coagulant addition. The water streams that were pilot tested at Elm Fork WTP included Trinity River water, spent filter backwash wastewater and lagoon recycle water (spent filter backwash water combined with clarifier blow down water). The City of Rifle pilot testing was conducted on Colorado River water. This paper presents the key results of these two pilot studies. Results of pilot testing were used to define the potential membrane flux, backwash protocols (interval and duration), chemical enhanced backwash (CEB) and clean-in-place (CIP) protocols. Pilot test results and engineering judgment were used for developing concept-level sizing and outlining parameters for future evaluation. This paper will discuss the key technical and economic considerations of the emerging treatment technology and its potential applications for potable water treatment. This paper will be of interest to water providers that are considering alternatives to treat challenging source waters (waters with high particulates and under heavy microbial influence), build new compact water treatment plants, increase plant capacity through membrane retrofits and treat recycle streams at existing WTPs.

scholarly journals PENYEDIAAN AIR SIAP MINUM PADA SITUASI TANGGAP DARURAT BENCANA ALAM (Belajar Dari Kasus Gempa Bumi Yogyakarta Dan Jawa Tengah)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robertus Haryoto Indriatmoko ◽  
Wahyu Widayat
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Disaster Area ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potable Water Treatment

A response in an emergency condition  is the most critical thing in natural disaster. In this situation, every thing is in a panic. Any decision must be taken  tactically, quickly and property to minimize the number victims and severity as the impact of disaster. One of the response in an emergency is to provide facility of drinking water treatment unit which has to be located at the respective disaster area. This unit is designed compacly with high mobility, flexible and easily operated to fullfil the potable water need for the victims. The treatment processes use are filtration, adsorbtion and sterilization. The capacity is 1 M3/hour.      Katakunci : Tanggap darurat, air minum, ultra filtrasi,  bencana alam, mobilitas tinggi, tepat sasaran, emergency use, potable water treatment.

scholarly journals Life cycle assessment of four potable water treatment plants in northeastern Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Orlando Ortíz Rodriguez ◽  
Raquel Amanda Villamizar-Gallardo ◽  
Rafael Guilhermo García
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Public Utility ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Potable Water Treatment

There is currently great concern about the processes that directly or indirectly contribute to the potential for global warming, such as stratospheric ozone depletion or acidification. In this context, and provided that treated water is a basic public utility in urban centers around the world as well as in some rural areas, its impact on the environment is of great interest. Therefore, this study applied the environmental methodology of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate the environmental loads of four potable water treatment plants (PWTPs) located in northeastern Colombia following the international guidelines delineated in ISO 14040. The different stages of the drinking water process were thoroughly assessed, from the catchment point through pumping to the distribution network. The functional unit was defined as 1 m3 of drinking water produced at the plant. The data were analyzed through the database Ecoinvent v.3.01, and modeled and processed in the software LCA-Data Manager. The results showed that in plants PLA-CA and PLA-PO, the flocculation process has the highest environmental load, which is mostly attributable to the coagulant agent, with a range between 47-73% of the total impact. In plants PLA-TON and PLA-BOS, electricity consumption was identified as the greatest impact source, with percentages ranging from 67 to 85%. Treatment processes and techniques, bioclimatic conditions and culturally driven consumption behavior varied from region to region. Furthermore, changes in treatment processes and techniques are likely to affect the environment during all stages of a plant’s operational cycle.

Determination of natural radionuclides in waste generated in the potable water treatment plants of the Zona da Mata of the state of Pernambuco- Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Muniz De Almeida Albuquerque
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
The United States ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Potable Water Treatment

The water purification procedure aims to obtain a product appropriate for human consumption, minimizing the presence of contaminants and toxic substances present in the water. Among these contaminants, some radionuclides of natural origin, such as uranium, thorium and their descendants, have been identified. Studies have shown that the stages of purification are quite effective in removing the radionuclides contained in water. The removal is due to co-precipitation of the radionuclides with the suspended materials and the precipitated material is accumulated and characterized as a Technologically Concentrated Natural Occurrence Radioactive Material (TENORM) by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). This residue can present significant levels of radioactivity and, when discarded in the environment without any treatment, can generate a problem of environmental impact and a risk to the health of the population. In this way, some gamma emitters of the series of U, Th and the K-40 were determined in the residues generated at the Potable Water Treatment Plants – PWTPs in six municipalities of Pernambuco. The results obtain corroborate the classification of the residues generated in the PWTPs as concentrators of the radioactive components contained in the water supplied to the system and reinforce the need for the release to the environment, which is the usual way of disposal of this waste, to be carried out only after considering the radiological protection standards established.

MASALAH DAN ALTERNATIF TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN AIR UNTUK MASYARAKAT MISKIN KOTA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie Herlambang
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Diarrheal Disease ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Daily Water

Clean water to poor communities who live in crowded municipal area is stillexpensive and a luxury. This condition is evidenced by the number of people whouse ground water for their daily water, because water taps still seems expensivefor them. Diarrheal disease is still relatively high for Indonesia, where nearly 16thousand people suffer from diarrhea due to poor sanitation. To help the poor inthe city, there are several alternative technologies that can be applied to publicaccess to clean water and adequate low-cost, including ground water treatmenttechnology with a filter system equipped with an ultraviolet sterilizer, or ozonegenerators, or using ultrafiltration, if possible can also use the reverse osmosismembrane that for fresh water. Arsinum is the best alternative should be chosenfor fulfilled potable water in slump area.Keywords : Sanitation, water treatment technology, portable water, low-cost, slump area

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