Analysis of Combustion in the Cetane-Rating Engine Using High-Speed Photography

1993 ◽  
Vol 207 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Ladommatos ◽  
M Parsi ◽  
N McGrath ◽  
S Mayne
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
High Speed Photography ◽  
Diesel Fuels ◽  
Single Hole ◽  
Release Analysis

Modifications have been made to the injection system of the engine used for cetane-rating diesel fuels. These involved the replacement of the standard pintle nozzle with a single-hole orifice-type nozzle. The aim of the modifications was to improve the combustion process and thereby increase the precision of the cetane-rating test. The modifications to the injection system have been assessed using heat release analysis, exhaust emission measurements and high-speed photography of the combustion flames.

scholarly journals Combustion Thermodynamics of Ethanol, n-Heptane, and n-Butanol in a Rapid Compression Machine with a Dual Direct Injection (DDI) Supply System

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2729
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Pielecha ◽  
Sławomir Wierzbicki ◽  
Maciej Sidorowicz ◽  
Dariusz Pietras
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Rapid Compression Machine ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
Rapid Compression

The development of internal combustion engines involves various new solutions, one of which is the use of dual-fuel systems. The diversity of technological solutions being developed determines the efficiency of such systems, as well as the possibility of reducing the emission of carbon dioxide and exhaust components into the atmosphere. An innovative double direct injection system was used as a method for forming a mixture in the combustion chamber. The tests were carried out with the use of gasoline, ethanol, n-heptane, and n-butanol during combustion in a model test engine—the rapid compression machine (RCM). The analyzed combustion process indicators included the cylinder pressure, pressure increase rate, heat release rate, and heat release value. Optical tests of the combustion process made it possible to analyze the flame development in the observed area of the combustion chamber. The conducted research and analyses resulted in the observation that it is possible to control the excess air ratio in the direct vicinity of the spark plug just before ignition. Such possibilities occur as a result of the properties of the injected fuels, which include different amounts of air required for their stoichiometric combustion. The studies of the combustion process have shown that the combustible mixtures consisting of gasoline with another fuel are characterized by greater combustion efficiency than the mixtures composed of only a single fuel type, and that the influence of the type of fuel used is significant for the combustion process and its indicator values.

A Study on the Calculation of Heat Release Rate to Compensate the Error Due to Single Zone Assumption in Diesel Engine

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hyup Ryu ◽  
Ki Doo Kim ◽  
Wook Hyeon Yoon ◽  
Ji Soo Ha
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Specific Heats ◽  
Start Of Injection ◽  
Release Analysis ◽  
Improved Model

Accurate heat release analysis based on the cylinder pressure trace is important for evaluating combustion process of diesel engines. However, traditional single-zone heat release models (SZM) have significant limitations due mainly to their simplified assumptions of uniform charge and homogeneity while neglecting local temperature distribution inside cylinder during combustion process. In this study, a heat release analysis based on single-zone model has been evaluated by comparison with computational analysis result using Fire-code, which is based on multi-dimensional model (MDM). The limitations of the single-zone assumption have been estimated. To overcome these limitations, an improved model that includes the effects of spatial non-uniformity has been applied. From this improved single-zone heat release model (Improved-SZM), two effective values of specific heats ratios, denoted by γV and γH in this study, have been introduced. These values are formulated as the function of charge temperature changing rate and overall equivalence ratio by matching the results of the single-zone analysis to those of computational analysis using Fire-code about medium speed marine diesel engine. Also, it is applied that each equation of γV and γH has respectively different slopes according to several meaningful regions such as the start of injection, the end of injection, the maximum cylinder temperature, and the exhaust valve open. This calculation method based on improved single-zone model gives a good agreement with Fire-code results over the whole range of operating conditions.

A New Predictive ID Model for Advanced High Speed Direct Injection Diesel Engines

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lurun Zhong ◽  
Naeim A. Henein ◽  
Walter Bryzik
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Common Rail Injection System ◽  
Common Rail Injection ◽  
Starting Conditions

Advance high speed direct injection diesel engines apply high injection pressures, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), injection timing and swirl ratios to control the combustion process in order to meet the strict emission standards. All these parameters affect, in different ways, the ignition delay (ID) which has an impact on premixed, mixing controlled and diffusion controlled combustion fractions and the resulting engine-out emissions. In this study, the authors derive a new correlation to predict the ID under the different operating conditions in advanced diesel engines. The model results are validated by experimental data in a single-cylinder, direct injection diesel engine equipped with a common rail injection system at different speeds, loads, EGR ratios and swirl ratios. Also, the model is used to predict the performance of two other diesel engines under cold starting conditions.

Application of HFRT Methods to Diagnose the Technical Condition of High-Speed Marine Diesel Engines

2015 ◽  
Vol 236 ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Tomasz Lus
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Naval Academy ◽  
Marine Diesel

The paper presents problems related to testing of the technical condition of high-speed marine diesel engines that are not equipped with indicated valves, as it is in the case of larger medium-and low-speed marine internal combustion engines. In this case, in assessment of technical condition of engine fuel injection system and valve gear system a vibration signals (in time / angle domain) analysis modified method called HFRT (High Frequency Resonance Technique) can be used. This method indirectly helps also to evaluate the fuel combustion process in the engine cylinders. The paper presents the theoretical basis of a modified HFRT method, physical implementation of the marine diesel engine system’s analyzer used for marine engines testing built at the Institute of Construction and Operation of Ships at Polish Naval Academy (PNA) in Gdynia. The paper also includes a description of the vibration signal processing methodology and examples of measurements made in the ships conditions for a few selected types of engines.

Analysis of the Influence of Pilot Injection Timing on Diesel Combustion in an Optical Engine by the Two-Color Method

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weilin Zeng ◽  
Xu He ◽  
Senjia Jin ◽  
Hai Liu ◽  
Xiangrong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ignition Delay ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
High Speed Photography ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Pilot Injection ◽  
Diesel Combustion ◽  
Optical Engine ◽  
Combustion Duration

High-speed photography, two-color method, and thermodynamic analysis have been used to improve understanding of the influence of pilot injection timing on diesel combustion in an optical engine equipped with an electronically-controlled, common rail, high-pressure fuel injection system. The tests were performed at four different pilot injection timings (30 degree, 25 degree, 20 degree, and 15 degree CA BTDC) with the same main injection timing (5 degree CA BTDC), and under 100MPa injection pressure. The engine speed was selected at 1200 rev/min, and the whole injection mass was fixed as 27.4 mg/stroke. The experimental results showed that the pilot injection timing had a strong influence on ignition delay and combustion duration: advancing the pilot injection timing turned to prolong the ignition delay and shorten the combustion duration. The combustion images indicated that when pilot injection was advanced, the area of luminous flames decreased. The results of two-color method suggested pilot injection timing significantly impacted both the soot temperature distribution and soot concentration (KL factor) within the combustion chamber. 30 degree CA BTDC was the optimal pilot injection timing for in-cylinder soot reduction.

scholarly journals Simulation and experimental coupled research of rate of heat release in DI diesel engine for various injection strategies

2008 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Kazimierz LEJDA ◽  
Paweł WOŚ
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Common Rail Injection System ◽  
Common Rail Injection ◽  
Release Analysis ◽  
Di Diesel Engine ◽  
Rate Of Heat Release ◽  
Injection Strategies

In the paper the rate of heat release analysis in direct injection diesel engine has been presented and discussed. The research has been carried out for two different injection strategies, i.e. for conventional single-phase injection and for triple-phase injection executed by a Common Rail injection system. The calculation methodology of heat release rate based on indicator diagram has been presented as well.

Comparison of Spray Collapses from Multi-Hole and Single-Hole Injectors Using High-Speed Photography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Xinhui ◽  
Yitao Shen ◽  
Yi Gong ◽  
Xiao Ma ◽  
Shijin Shuai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Photography ◽  
Single Hole

scholarly journals Effects of Injection Rate Profile on Combustion Process and Emissions in a Diesel Engine

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuqiang Bai ◽  
Zuowei Zhang ◽  
Yongchen Du ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Zhijun Peng
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Injection Rate ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Release Process ◽  
Common Rail Injection System ◽  
Soot Emissions ◽  
Rate Profile

When multi-injection is implemented in diesel engine via high pressure common rail injection system, changed interval between injection pulses can induce variation of injection rate profile for sequential injection pulse, though other control parameters are the same. Variations of injection rate shape which influence the air-fuel mixing and combustion process will be important for designing injection strategy. In this research, CFD numerical simulations using KIVA-3V were conducted for examining the effects of injection rate shape on diesel combustion and emissions. After the model was validated by experimental results, five different shapes (including rectangle, slope, triangle, trapezoid, and wedge) of injection rate profiles were investigated. Modeling results demonstrate that injection rate shape can have obvious influence on heat release process and heat release traces which cause different combustion process and emissions. It is observed that the baseline, rectangle (flat), shape of injection rate can have better balance between NOx and soot emissions than the other investigated shapes. As wedge shape brings about the lowest NOx emissions due to retarded heat release, it produces the highest soot emissions among the five shapes. Trapezoid shape has the lowest soot emissions, while its NOx is not the highest one. The highest NOx emissions were produced by triangle shape due to higher peak injection rate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document