scholarly journals Effect of Resistance Exercise Intensity on the mRNA Expression of PGC-1α Isoforms in Human Skeletal Muscle

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Neil A. Schwarz ◽  
Sarah K. McKinley ◽  
Mike Spillane ◽  
Joshua J. Gann ◽  
Thomas L. Andre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle

scholarly journals Effect of resistance exercise intensity on the expression of PGC-1α isoforms and the anabolic and catabolic signaling mediators, IGF-1 and myostatin, in human skeletal muscle

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 856-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil A. Schwarz ◽  
Sarah K. McKinley-Barnard ◽  
Mike B. Spillane ◽  
Thomas L. Andre ◽  
Joshua J. Gann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Transcriptional Expression ◽  
Lower Intensity ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Body Resistance

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute messenger (mRNA) expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) isoforms, insulin-like growth factor-1Ea (IGF-1Ea), and myostatin in response to 2 resistance exercise intensities. In a uniform-balanced, crossover design, 10 participants performed 2 separate testing sessions involving a lower body resistance exercise component consisting of a lower intensity (50% of 1-repetition maximum; 1RM) protocol and a higher intensity (80% of 1RM) protocol of equal volumes. Muscle samples were obtained at before exercise, 45 min, 3 h, 24 h, and 48 h postexercise. Resistance exercise did not alter total PGC-1α mRNA expression; however, distinct responses of each PGC-1α isoform were observed. The response of each isoform was consistent between sessions, suggesting no effect of resistance exercise intensity on the complex transcriptional expression of the PGC-1α gene. IGF-1Ea mRNA expression significantly increased following the higher intensity session compared with pre-exercise and the lower intensity session. Myostatin mRNA expression was significantly reduced compared with pre-exercise values at all time points with no difference between exercise intensity. Further research is needed to determine the effects of the various isoforms of PGC-1α in human skeletal muscle on the translational level as well as their relation to the expression of IGF-1 and myostatin.

scholarly journals Impact of acetaminophen consumption and resistance exercise on extracellular matrix gene expression in human skeletal muscle

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (1) ◽  
pp. R44-R50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivam H. Patel ◽  
Andrew C. D’Lugos ◽  
Erica R. Eldon ◽  
Donald Curtis ◽  
Jared M. Dickinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Type Iii Collagen ◽  
Type I ◽  
Matrix Gene ◽  
The Impact

Acetaminophen (APAP) given during chronic exercise reduces skeletal muscle collagen and cross-linking in rats. We propose that the effect of APAP on muscle extracellular matrix (ECM) may, in part, be mediated by dysregulation of the balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of APAP consumption during acute resistance exercise (RE) on several regulators of the ECM in human skeletal muscle. In a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover design, recreationally active men ( n = 8, 25 ± 2 yr) performed two trials of knee extension. Placebo (PLA) or APAP (1,000 mg/6 h) was given for 24 h before and immediately following RE. Vastus lateralis biopsies were taken at baseline and 1 and 3 h post-RE. Quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine differences in mRNA expression. MMP-2, type I collagen, and type III collagen mRNA expression was not altered by exercise or APAP ( P > 0.05). When compared with PLA, TIMP-1 expression was lower at 1 h post-RE during APAP conditions but greater than PLA at 3 h post-RE ( P < 0.05). MMP-9 expression and protein levels were elevated at 3 h post-RE independent of treatment ( P < 0.05). Lysyl oxidase expression was greater at 3 h post-RE during APAP consumption ( P < 0.05) compared with PLA. MMP-2 and TIMP-1 protein was not altered by RE or APAP ( P > 0.05). Phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38-MAPK increased ( P < 0.05) with RE but was not influenced by APAP. Our findings do not support our hypothesis and suggest that short-term APAP consumption before RE has a small impact on the measured ECM molecules in human skeletal muscle following acute RE.

scholarly journals Prior acetaminophen consumption impacts the early adaptive cellular response of human skeletal muscle to resistance exercise

2018 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 1012-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew C. D’Lugos ◽  
Shivam H. Patel ◽  
Jordan C. Ormsby ◽  
Donald P. Curtis ◽  
Christopher S. Fry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Muscle Adaptation ◽  
Cox Inhibitor

Resistance exercise (RE) is a powerful stimulus for skeletal muscle adaptation. Previous data demonstrate that cyclooxygenase (COX)-inhibiting drugs alter the cellular mechanisms regulating the adaptive response of skeletal muscle. The purpose of this study was to determine whether prior consumption of the COX inhibitor acetaminophen (APAP) alters the immediate adaptive cellular response in human skeletal muscle after RE. In a double-blinded, randomized, crossover design, healthy young men ( n = 8, 25 ± 1 yr) performed two trials of unilateral knee extension RE (8 sets, 10 reps, 65% max strength). Subjects ingested either APAP (1,000 mg/6 h) or placebo (PLA) for 24 h before RE (final dose consumed immediately after RE). Muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were collected at rest and 1 h and 3 h after exercise. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 signaling was assessed through immunoblot and immunohistochemistry, and mRNA expression of myogenic genes was examined via RT-qPCR. At 1 h p-rpS6Ser240/244 was increased in both groups but to a greater extent in PLA. At 3 h p-S6K1Thr389 was elevated only in PLA. Furthermore, localization of mTOR to the lysosome (LAMP2) in myosin heavy chain (MHC) II fibers increased 3 h after exercise only in PLA. mTOR-LAMP2 colocalization in MHC I fibers was greater in PLA vs. APAP 1 h after exercise. Myostatin mRNA expression was reduced 1 h after exercise only in PLA. MYF6 mRNA expression was increased 1 h and 3 h after exercise only in APAP. APAP consumption appears to alter the early adaptive cellular response of skeletal muscle to RE. These findings further highlight the mechanisms through which COX-inhibiting drugs impact the adaptive response of skeletal muscle to exercise. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The extent to which the cellular reaction to acetaminophen impacts the mechanisms regulating the adaptive response of human skeletal muscle to resistance exercise is not well understood. Consumption of acetaminophen before resistance exercise appears to suppress the early response of mTORC1 activity to acute resistance exercise. These data also demonstrate, for the first time, that resistance exercise elicits fiber type-specific changes in the intracellular colocalization of mTOR with the lysosome in human skeletal muscle.

scholarly journals Endurance training reduces the contraction-induced interleukin-6 mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (6) ◽  
pp. E1189-E1194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian P. Fischer ◽  
Peter Plomgaard ◽  
Anne K. Hansen ◽  
Henriette Pilegaard ◽  
Bengt Saltin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Glycogen Content ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
Resting Muscle

Contracting skeletal muscle expresses large amounts of IL-6. Because 1) IL-6 mRNA expression in contracting skeletal muscle is enhanced by low muscle glycogen content, and 2) IL-6 increases lipolysis and oxidation of fatty acids, we hypothesized that regular exercise training, associated with increased levels of resting muscle glycogen and enhanced capacity to oxidize fatty acids, would lead to a less-pronounced increase of skeletal muscle IL-6 mRNA in response to acute exercise. Thus, before and after 10 wk of knee extensor endurance training, skeletal muscle IL-6 mRNA expression was determined in young healthy men ( n = 7) in response to 3 h of dynamic knee extensor exercise, using the same relative workload. Maximal power output, time to exhaustion during submaximal exercise, resting muscle glycogen content, and citrate synthase and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase enzyme activity were all significantly enhanced by training. IL-6 mRNA expression in resting skeletal muscle did not change in response to training. However, although absolute workload during acute exercise was 44% higher ( P < 0.05) after the training period, skeletal muscle IL-6 mRNA content increased 76-fold ( P < 0.05) in response to exercise before the training period, but only 8-fold ( P < 0.05, relative to rest and pretraining) in response to exercise after training. Furthermore, the exercise-induced increase of plasma IL-6 ( P < 0.05, pre- and posttraining) was not higher after training despite higher absolute work intensity. In conclusion, the magnitude of the exercise-induced IL-6 mRNA expression in contracting human skeletal muscle was markedly reduced by 10 wk of training.

scholarly journals Resistance Exercise Reverses Aging in Human Skeletal Muscle

PLoS ONE ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. e465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Melov ◽  
Mark A. Tarnopolsky ◽  
Kenneth Beckman ◽  
Krysta Felkey ◽  
Alan Hubbard
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle

scholarly journals Effect of differentiation, de novo innervation, and electrical pulse stimulation on mRNA and protein expression of Na+,K+-ATPase, FXYD1, and FXYD5 in cultured human skeletal muscle cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247377
Author(s):  
Vid Jan ◽  
Katarina Miš ◽  
Natasa Nikolic ◽  
Klemen Dolinar ◽  
Metka Petrič ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Electrical Pulse ◽  
Electrical Pulse Stimulation ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle Cells ◽  
Pulse Stimulation ◽  
Low Serum

Denervation reduces the abundance of Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA) in skeletal muscle, while reinnervation increases it. Primary human skeletal muscle cells, the most widely used model to study human skeletal muscle in vitro, are usually cultured as myoblasts or myotubes without neurons and typically do not contract spontaneously, which might affect their ability to express and regulate NKA. We determined how differentiation, de novo innervation, and electrical pulse stimulation affect expression of NKA (α and β) subunits and NKA regulators FXYD1 (phospholemman) and FXYD5 (dysadherin). Differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes under low serum conditions increased expression of myogenic markers CD56 (NCAM1), desmin, myosin heavy chains, dihydropyridine receptor subunit α1S, and SERCA2 as well as NKAα2 and FXYD1, while it decreased expression of FXYD5 mRNA. Myotubes, which were innervated de novo by motor neurons in co-culture with the embryonic rat spinal cord explants, started to contract spontaneously within 7–10 days. A short-term co-culture (10–11 days) promoted mRNA expression of myokines, such as IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, and IL-15, but did not affect mRNA expression of NKA, FXYDs, or myokines, such as musclin, cathepsin B, meteorin-like protein, or SPARC. A long-term co-culture (21 days) increased the protein abundance of NKAα1, NKAα2, FXYD1, and phospho-FXYD1Ser68 without attendant changes in mRNA levels. Suppression of neuromuscular transmission with α-bungarotoxin or tubocurarine for 24 h did not alter NKA or FXYD mRNA expression. Electrical pulse stimulation (48 h) of non-innervated myotubes promoted mRNA expression of NKAβ2, NKAβ3, FXYD1, and FXYD5. In conclusion, low serum concentration promotes NKAα2 and FXYD1 expression, while de novo innervation is not essential for upregulation of NKAα2 and FXYD1 mRNA in cultured myotubes. Finally, although innervation and EPS both stimulate contractions of myotubes, they exert distinct effects on the expression of NKA and FXYDs.

scholarly journals Heat stress enhances mTOR signaling after resistance exercise in human skeletal muscle

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Kakigi ◽  
Hisashi Naito ◽  
Yuji Ogura ◽  
Hiroyuki Kobayashi ◽  
Norio Saga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Mtor Signaling
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