Physical Activity, Heat Pain, And Conditioned Pain Modulation In Women With And Without Disabling Pain

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 689
Author(s):  
Amanda L. Adrian ◽  
Patrick J. O’Connor ◽  
Christie L. Ward-Ritacco ◽  
Ellen M. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Conditioned Pain Modulation ◽  
Heat Pain

scholarly journals Central inhibition of pain is augmented in women with self-injurious behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lalouni ◽  
Jens Fust ◽  
Johan Bjureberg ◽  
Granit Kastrati ◽  
Robin Fondberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Summation ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Conditioned Pain Modulation ◽  
Heat Pain ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Pain Thresholds ◽  
Pressure Pain ◽  
Pressure Pain Thresholds

Individuals who engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) have demonstrated higher pain thresholds and tolerance compared with individuals without NSSI. The objective of the study was to assess which aspects of the pain regulatory system that account for this augmented pain perception. In a cross-sectional design, 81 women, aged 18-35 (mean [SD] age, 23.4 [3.9]), were included (41 with NSSI and 40 healthy controls). A quantitative sensory testing protocol, including heat pain thresholds, heat pain tolerance, pressure pain thresholds, conditioned pain modulation (assessing central down-regulation of pain), and temporal summation (assessing facilitation of pain signals) was used. Thermal pain stimuli were assessed during fMRI scanning and NSSI behaviors and clinical symptoms were self-assessed. NSSI participants demonstrated higher pain thresholds during heat and pressure pain compared to controls. During conditioned pain modulation, NSSI participants showed a more effective central down-regulation of pain for NSSI participants. Temporal summation did not differ between the groups. There were no correlations between pain outcomes and NSSI behaviors or clinical characteristics. The fMRI analyses revealed increased activity in the primary and secondary somatosensory cortex in NSSI participants, compared to healthy controls, which are brain regions implicated in sensory aspects of pain processing. The findings suggest segregated inhibitory mechanisms for pain and emotion in NSSI, as pain insensitivity was linked to enhanced inhibitory control of pain in spite of significant impairments in emotion regulation. This may represent an endophenotype associated with a greater risk for developing self-injurious behavior.

Influence of self-reported physical activity and sleep quality on conditioned pain modulation in the orofacial region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Soares Fiedler ◽  
Laila Aguiar Machado ◽  
Yuri Martins Costa ◽  
Paulo César Rodrigues Conti ◽  
Leonardo Rigoldi Bonjardim
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Conditioned Pain Modulation ◽  
Orofacial Region

The effect of a mental stressor on conditioned pain modulation in healthy subjects

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 142-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian B. Nilsen ◽  
Sunniva E. Christiansen ◽  
Line B. Holmen ◽  
Trond Sand
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Pain Threshold ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Conditioned Pain Modulation ◽  
Heat Pain ◽  
Stressful Task ◽  
Medically Unexplained

AbstractBackground and purposeIn animal studies, enhanced sensitivity to painful stimuli succeeding chronic stress has been reported, while acute stress is reported to induce analgesia. Human studies on the effect of mental stress on pain are more equivocal. A disturbed stress-response resulting in an increased sensitivity to painful stimuli has also been discussed as a potential mechanism for e.g., the fibromyalgia syndrome. Endogenous analgesia may be studied in humans by measuring the analgesic effect of heterotopic noxious conditioning stimulation. In neurophysiological animal studies this phenomenon was originally denoted “diffuse noxious inhibitory controls” (DNIC), but for human studies it has been suggested to use the term conditioned pain modulation (CPM).The clinical relevance of aberrances in CPM is not clear. Inhibitory CPM is reported as being reduced in several medically unexplained syndromes with musculoskeletal pain aggravated by mental stress. However, whether the reported reduced CPM effects are causally related to clinical pain is unknown.In the present study the effect of a mental stressor on CPM is studied.MethodsWith tourniquet-induced pain as the conditioning stimulus we estimated the CPM effect in twenty healthy subjects. Heat pain threshold (HPT), supra-threshold heat pain level (SHPL) and pressure pain threshold (PPT) were used as test stimuli. Measurements were performed at baseline, after a stressful task and after a non-stressful task presented in a blinded cross-over design. We used repeated-measures ANOVAs in the analysis with simple contrasts for post hoc analysis.ResultsWith a ANOVA repeated measures model we found a significant task effect (F = 18.5, p ≤ 0.001), indicating that CPM was successfully induced. In our ANOVA model, we found a significant effect of stress in the contrast analysis (F = 5.2, p = 0.037), indicating that CPM was affected by the stressful task. The effects on PPT could not be analyzed due to a significant carry-over effect (for PPT only).ConclusionsIn the present blinded crossover study, we found a significant small to medium inhibitory effect of mental stress upon the CPM of thermal pain.ImplicationsOur results suggest that previously reported reduced inhibitory CPM in several medically unexplained syndromes with musculoskeletal pain aggravated by mental stress possibly can be related to confounding or clinically relevant stress level differences. However, the result might be modality-specific. Further studies in patients are obviously needed, and the impact of mental stress on CPM should be investigated also with other stressors.

scholarly journals Physical Activity May Be Associated with Conditioned Pain Modulation in Women but Not Men among Healthy Individuals

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Shiro ◽  
Tatsunori Ikemoto ◽  
Yuta Terasawa ◽  
Young-Chang P. Arai ◽  
Kazuhiro Hayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Pressure Pain Threshold ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Conditioned Pain Modulation ◽  
Mechanical Pressure ◽  
Cold Stimulation ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Study Participants

Background. Conditioned pain modulation (CPM), a phenomenon also known as diffuse noxious inhibitory control, is thought to be affected by various factors, including sex and level of physical activity. However, the involvement of these factors in CPM remains unclear. Methods. Eighty-six healthy young subjects (M/F, 43/43) participated in this study. Participants were assessed on the basis of their mechanical pressure pain threshold (PPT), CPM response, body mass index (BMI), basal metabolic rate (BMR), and duration of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) over a week, using a motion counter. Response to CPM was evaluated as PPT during painful cold stimulation relative to baseline PPT. Results. Men showed significantly higher baseline PPT than women; however, this difference was no longer significant after controlling for confounders. Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses revealed BMR to be a significant contributor towards baseline PPT in the entire study population. In contrast, although there were no significant contributors to CPM response among men and in the overall study group, MVPA was positively associated with CPM response among women (β = 0.397). Conclusions. These results suggest that, among healthy young individuals, CPM response may be associated with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in women but not in men.

Physical activity, pain responses to heat stimuli, and conditioned pain modulation in postmenopausal women

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 816-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda L. Adrian ◽  
Patrick J. O’Connor ◽  
Christie L. Ward-Ritacco ◽  
Ellen M. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Pain Modulation ◽  
Conditioned Pain Modulation ◽  
Pain Responses
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