scholarly journals Association Of Adequate Carbohydrate And Protein Intake And Maximal Dynamic Strength In University Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (7S) ◽  
pp. 755-755
Author(s):  
Karen Vanessa Vega-Garibay ◽  
Sayra Nataly Muñoz-Rodriguez ◽  
Eduardo Pinedo-Ruan ◽  
Sergio Alejandro Copado-Aguila ◽  
Alejandro Gaytan-Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Intake ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Maximal Dynamic Strength ◽  
University Athletes

scholarly journals Development of Maximal Dynamic Strength During Concurrent Resistance and Endurance Training in Untrained, Moderately Trained, and Trained Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 991-1010
Author(s):  
Henrik Petré ◽  
Erik Hemmingsson ◽  
Hans Rosdahl ◽  
Niklas Psilander
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Endurance Training ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Concurrent Training ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Lower Body Strength ◽  
Maximal Dynamic Strength

Abstract Background The effect of concurrent training on the development of maximal strength is unclear, especially in individuals with different training statuses. Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis study was to compare the effect of concurrent resistance and endurance training with that of resistance training only on the development of maximal dynamic strength in untrained, moderately trained, and trained individuals. Methods On the basis of the predetermined criteria, 27 studies that compared effects between concurrent and resistance training only on lower-body 1-repetition maximum (1RM) strength were included. The effect size (ES), calculated as the standardised difference in mean, was extracted from each study, pooled, and analysed with a random-effects model. Results The 1RM for leg press and squat exercises was negatively affected by concurrent training in trained individuals (ES =  – 0.35, p < 0.01), but not in moderately trained ( – 0.20, p = 0.08) or untrained individuals (ES = 0.03, p = 0.87) as compared to resistance training only. A subgroup analysis revealed that the negative effect observed in trained individuals occurred only when resistance and endurance training were conducted within the same training session (ES same session =  – 0.66, p < 0.01 vs. ES different sessions =  – 0.10, p = 0.55). Conclusion This study demonstrated the novel and quantifiable effects of training status on lower-body strength development and shows that the addition of endurance training to a resistance training programme may have a negative impact on lower-body strength development in trained, but not in moderately trained or untrained individuals. This impairment seems to be more pronounced when training is performed within the same session than in different sessions. Trained individuals should therefore consider separating endurance from resistance training during periods where the development of dynamic maximal strength is prioritised.

Predicting Maximal Dynamic Strength From the Load-Velocity Relationship in Squat Exercise

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1999-2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Bazuelo-Ruiz ◽  
Paulino Padial ◽  
Amador García-Ramos ◽  
Antonio J. Morales-Artacho ◽  
María T. Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Velocity Relationship ◽  
Squat Exercise ◽  
Maximal Dynamic Strength

scholarly journals CROSSFIT TRAININGS AS AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH TO PREVENT THE PERFORMANCE LOSS DURING THE REST OF THE END OF SEASON IN ELITE WRESTLERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (S2) ◽  
pp. 51-57
Author(s):  
S Özbay ◽  
T Akbulut ◽  
V Cinar
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Performance Loss ◽  
Crossfit Training ◽  
Maximal Dynamic Strength

Aim. The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of Crossfit training in order to minimize performance loss of elite wrestlers during 30-day rest period. Materials and Methods. Total 23 elite male wrestlers who competed at the last national championship participated in this study. The participants were divided into two groups as Crossfit and control group. The Crossfit group performed 5 pull-ups, 10 push-ups and 15 squat exercises consecutively (Crossfit-Cindy) for total 20-min, during the 30-day period, 6 days per week. The Control group did not perform any exercise programs during this period. Before and after the 30-day period, athletes were applied anthropometric measurements as well as VO2max (aerobic capacity), bench press and squat (maximal dynamic strength), leg and handgrip strength (isometric strength), pull-up and push-up (strength endurance) tests. Results. After the 30-day period in the control group, body weight and body fat percentage (BF %) increased significantly, whereas all performance variables decreased significantly. Maximal dynamic strength and aerobic capacity values decreased significantly in the Crossfit group, while body weight, body fat percentage, isometric strength and strength endurance values were maintained. Moreover, the decrease in VO2max and bench press tests was higher in the control group than in the Crossfit group. Conclusion: Consequently, the present study showed that 20-min Crossfit training was highly effective in maintaining the form of elite wrestlers during a 30-day rest period

scholarly journals Relationship between Cardiometabolic Risk and Physical Fitness in Young Girls with Aesthetic Professions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salime Lisboa ◽  
Alexandra Vieira Vieira ◽  
Juliana Lopes Teodoro ◽  
Rochelle Costa ◽  
Franccesco Pinto Boeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Cardiometabolic Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Ballet Dancers ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Maximal Dynamic Strength

Abstract Background: In the literature, professions that impose body standards for daily performance are designated as non-conventional professions (i.e. models, athletes, ballet dancers), with great emphasis on the female population. More than a job, it becomes a lifestyle to those inserted in this environment, thus, thousands of children and adolescents seek the inclusion and success in these professions due to financial and media gains. Such professions are associated to several health-related risk factors. The purpose of this study was to identify whether there is a relationship between physical fitness levels, cardiometabolic health markers, mental health and dietary habits in non-conventional professions. Methods: The sample consisted of 41 female individuals aged between 14 and 24 years, divided in four groups, control group/ university students (UG=11), models (MG=11), ballet dancers (BG=11), and athletes group (AG=8). Physical fitness outcomes (cardiorespiratory fitness, flexibility, maximal dynamic strength, muscular endurance and body composition); biochemical outcomes (high density lipoprotein [HDL], low density lipoprotein [LDL], total cholesterol [TC], fasting glucose [FG], fasting insulin [FI], C-reactive protein [CRP]), diet quality and mental health were evaluated. Results: No impairments were observed in the health markers evaluated, both for health-related physical fitness and biochemical outcomes. Even with statistically significant differences between the groups for chronological age (p=0.002), menarche (p=0.004), career length (p=0.001), height (p=0.001), body mass index (p=0.018), waist-to-height ratio (p<0.001), %Fat (p=0.020), VO2peak (p=0.020), maximal dynamic strength of knee extensors (p=0.031) and elbow flexors (p=0,001) and flexibility (p<0.001), all these values are within the normal range for health. Conclusion: The professions analyzed do not seem to interfere in the physical and metabolic health of the girls assessed. However, regarding mental health, the evaluated age group was susceptible to depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals The Role of Specific Warm-up during Bench Press and Squat Exercises: A Novel Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6882
Author(s):  
Bruno Ribeiro ◽  
Ana Pereira ◽  
Pedro P. Neves ◽  
António C. Sousa ◽  
Ricardo Ferraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Bench Press ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Maximal Dynamic Strength

The current study aims to verify the effects of three specific warm-ups on squat and bench press resistance training. Forty resistance-trained males (19–30 years) performed 3 × 6 repetitions with 80% of maximal dynamic strength (designated as training load) after one of the following warm-ups (48 h between): (i) 2 × 6 repetitions with 40% and 80% of the training load (WU), (ii) 6 × 80% of training load (WU80), or (iii) 6 × 40% of the training load (WU40). Mean propulsive velocity (MPV), velocity loss (VL), peak velocity (PV), time to achieve PV, power, work, heart rates, and ratings of perceived exertion were analyzed. In squat exercises, higher MPV were found in WU80 compared with WU40 (2nd set: 0.69 ± 0.09 vs. 0.67 ± 0.06 m.s−1, p = 0.02, ES = 0.80; 3rd set: 0.68 ± 0.09 vs. 0.66 ± 0.07 m.s−1, p = 0.05, ES = 0.51). In bench press exercises, time to PV was lower in WU compared with WU40 (1st set: 574.77 ± 233.46 vs. 694.50 ± 211.71 m.s−1, p < 0.01, ES = 0.69; 2nd set: 533.19 ± 272.22 vs. 662.31 ± 257.51 m.s−1, p = 0.04, ES = 0.43) and total work was higher (4749.90 ± 1312.99 vs. 4631.80 ± 1355.01 j, p = 0.01, ES = 0.54). The results showed that force outputs were mainly optimized by WU80 in squat training and by WU in bench press training. Moreover, warming-up with few repetitions and low loads is not enough to optimize squat and bench press performances.

scholarly journals Effects of Single Vs. Multiple Sets Water-Based Resistance Training on Maximal Dynamic Strength in Young Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Cristine Koch Buttelli ◽  
Stephanie Santana Pinto ◽  
Maira Cristina Wolf Schoenell ◽  
Bruna Pereira Almada ◽  
Liliana Kologeski Camargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Maximal Dynamic Strength ◽  
Single Set

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the effects of single vs. multiple sets water-based resistance training on maximal dynamic strength in young men. Twenty-one physically active young men were randomly allocated into 2 groups: a single set group (SS, n=10) and a multiple sets group (MS, n=11). The single set program consisted of only 1 set of 30 s, whereas the multiple sets comprised 3 sets of 30 s (rest interval between sets equaled 1 min 30 s). All the water-based resistance exercises were performed at maximal effort and both groups trained twice a week for 10 weeks. Upper (bilateral elbow flexors and bilateral elbow extensors, peck deck and inverse peck deck) as well as lower-body (bilateral knee flexors and unilateral knee extensors) one-repetition maximal tests (1RM) were used to assess changes in muscle strength. The training-related effects were assessed using repeated measures two-way ANOVA (α=5%). Both SS and MS groups increased the upper and lower-body 1RM, with no differences between groups. Therefore, these data show that the maximal dynamic strength significantly increases in young men after 10 weeks of training in an aquatic environment, although the improvement in the strength levels is independent of the number of sets performed.

scholarly journals In-Season Strength Training in Elite Junior Swimmers: The Role of the Low-Volume, High-Velocity Training on Swimming Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Mário C. Marques ◽  
Juan Manuel Yáñez-García ◽  
Daniel A. Marinho ◽  
Juan José González-Badillo ◽  
David Rodríguez-Rosell
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Strength And Conditioning ◽  
Dry Land ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Maximal Dynamic Strength

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of long-term combined strength training (ST) and plyometrics on strength, power and swimming performances in elite junior swimmers during a competitive season. Ten elite junior swimmers (5 women and 5 men) completed the study (age: 16.6 ± 0.7 years; mass: 62.2 ± 5.4 kg; stature: 1.70 ± 0.07 m). The participants trained twice a week during 20 weeks. The ST program consisted of upper- and lower limbs exercises with low loads and low volume, lifting the load at maximal intended velocity. The effect of the training protocol was assessed using the 1RM in the full squat (SQ) and bench press (BP), jump height (CMJ), the maximal number of repetitions completed in the pull-up (PU) exercise and time during 50-m freestyle. Training program resulted in significant improvements in CMJ (12.1%, ES: 0.57), maximal dynamic strength in the SQ (16.4%, ES: 0.46) and BP (12.1%, ES: 0.34) exercises, the maximum number of repetitions completed during the PU test (90.7%, ES: 0.57) and swimming performance (-3.9%, ES: 0.45). There were no significant differences between both genders. The relative changes in swimming performance showed significant relationship with the relative changes in 1RM of SQ for pooled data (r=-0.66, p<0.05) and the relative changes in the PU exercise in female swimmers (r=-0.99, p<0.05). Therefore, coaches and strength and conditioning professionals should consider including in-season dry-land ST programs within the training routine in order to obtain further improvements in swimming performance.

Strength and skeletal muscle adaptations in heavy-resistance-trained women after detraining and retraining

1991 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 631-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Staron ◽  
M. J. Leonardi ◽  
D. L. Karapondo ◽  
E. S. Malicky ◽  
J. E. Falkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Strength Training ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Training Study ◽  
Muscle Adaptations ◽  
Fast Fiber ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Adaptations ◽  
Maximal Dynamic Strength

Six women who had participated in a previous 20-wk strength training study for the lower limb detrained for 30-32 wk and subsequently retrained for 6 wk. Seven untrained women also participated in the 6-wk "retraining" phase. In addition, four women from each group volunteered to continue training an additional 7 wk. The initial 20-wk training program caused an increase in maximal dynamic strength, hypertrophy of all three major fiber types, and a decrease in the percentage of type IIb fibers. Detraining had relatively little effect on fiber cross-sectional area but resulted in an increased percentage of type IIb fibers with a concomitant decrease in IIa fibers. Maximal dynamic strength decreased but not to pretraining levels. Retraining for 6 wk resulted in significant increases in the cross-sectional areas of both fast fiber types (IIa and IIab + IIb) compared with detraining values and a decrease in the percentage of type IIb fibers. The 7-wk extension accentuated these trends such that cross-sectional areas continued to increase (nonsignificant) and no IIb fibers could be found. Similar results were found for the nonpreviously trained women. These data suggest that rapid muscular adaptations occur as a result of strength training in previously trained as well as non-previously trained women. Some adaptations (fiber area and maximal dynamic strength) may be retained for long periods during detraining and may contribute to a rapid return to "competitive" form.

Does the Grip Width Affect the Bench Press Performance of Paralympic Powerlifters?

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1252-1259
Author(s):  
Marcelo Danillo Matos dos Santos ◽  
Felipe J. Aidar ◽  
Raphael Fabrício de Souza ◽  
Jymmys Lopes dos Santos ◽  
Andressa da Silva de Mello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bench Press ◽  
Force Production ◽  
Dynamic Strength ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Triceps Brachii ◽  
Anterior Deltoid ◽  
Press Performance ◽  
Long Head ◽  
Electromyographic Analysis ◽  
Maximal Dynamic Strength

Purpose: To verify the effects of using different grip widths in bench press performance in Paralympic powerlifting athletes. Methods: Twelve experienced Paralympic powerlifting male athletes (25.40 [3.30] y, 70.30 [12.15] kg) participated in the study. Maximal dynamic strength and maximal isometric strength (MIS) were determined. Then, mean propulsive velocity (MPV) using 25%, 50%, and 100% of maximal dynamic strength load and time to achieve 30%, 50%, and 100% of MIS were assessed with 4 different grip widths, specifically the biacromial distance (BAD: 42.83 [12.84] cm), 1.3 BAD (55.68 [16.70] cm), 1.5 BAD (63.20 [18.96] cm), and 81 cm. Electromyographic analysis was performed during MIS assessment in the pectoralis major sternal portion, anterior deltoid, triceps brachii long head, and pectoralis major clavicular portion. Results: Large differences were found between MPV performed with different grip widths using 25% of maximal dynamic strength load (P = .02, ). The 1.5 BAD grip tended to show greater force generation and MPV. Moreover, the time needed to achieve 30%, 50%, and 100% of MIS differed between grip widths (P = .03, ), with the lowest values obtained in the 1.5 BAD. Despite the nonstatistical differences that were found, grip widths caused moderate effects on muscle myoelectric activation, showing greater values for pectoralis major clavicular portion and pectoralis major sternal portion, for the 1.3 BAD and 1.5 BAD, respectively. The 1.5 BAD the grip width tended to show greater MPV values and faster contractile responses. Conclusions: These results highlighted the importance of choosing the specific grip width for improvement of performance in Paralympic powerlifting athletes, by increasing velocity of movement and force production in a shorter time, with greater activation of primary muscles.

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