Comparison of Diet versus Exercise on Metabolic Function and Gut Microbiota in Obese Rats

Pyracantha fortuneana fruit extract (PFE) exhibits beneficial effects on IBF in association with the modulation of glycolipid digestion and gut microbiota in HFD-fed obese rats.

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Prebiotics Can Improve Adiposity and Glycemia Independent of Gut Microbiota in Diet-Induced Obese Rats

Canadian Journal of Diabetes ◽

10.1016/j.jcjd.2013.03.080 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. S226 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marc Bomhof ◽

Lindsay K. Eller ◽

Heather A. Paul ◽

Raylene A. Reimer

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Obese Rats

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Probiotic Supplementation in a Clostridium difficile-Infected Gastrointestinal Model Is Associated with Restoring Metabolic Function of Microbiota

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8010060 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Mohd Baasir Gaisawat ◽

Chad W. MacPherson ◽

Julien Tremblay ◽

Amanda Piano ◽

Michèle M. Iskandar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Metabolic Function ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Single Strain ◽

Fecal Samples ◽

Metabolic Functions

Clostridium (C.) difficile-infection (CDI), a nosocomial gastrointestinal disorder, is of growing concern due to its rapid rise in recent years. Antibiotic therapy of CDI is associated with disrupted metabolic function and altered gut microbiota. The use of probiotics as an adjunct is being studied extensively due to their potential to modulate metabolic functions and the gut microbiota. In the present study, we assessed the ability of several single strain probiotics and a probiotic mixture to change the metabolic functions of normal and C. difficile-infected fecal samples. The production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and ammonia was measured, and changes in microbial composition were assessed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The C. difficile-infection in fecal samples resulted in a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in SCFA and H2S production, with a lower microbial alpha diversity. All probiotic treatments were associated with significantly increased (p < 0.05) levels of SCFAs and restored H2S levels. Probiotics showed no effect on microbial composition of either normal or C. difficile-infected fecal samples. These findings indicate that probiotics may be useful to improve the metabolic dysregulation associated with C. difficile infection.

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Modulation of gut microbiota and gut-generated metabolites by bitter melon results in improvement in the metabolic status in high fat diet-induced obese rats

Journal of Functional Foods ◽

10.1016/j.jff.2017.12.050 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 127-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Juan Bai ◽

Ying Zhu ◽

Ying Dong

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Status ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

High Fat ◽

Obese Rats

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Intermittent Fasting Alleviates Diabetes-induced Cognitive Decline via Gut Microbiota-metabolites-brain Axis (OR32-04-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz052.or32-04-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhigang Liu ◽

Tian Yuan ◽

Xiaoshuang Dai ◽

Lin Shi ◽

Xuebo Liu

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Critical Role ◽

Development Program ◽

Plasma Metabolites ◽

Intermittent Fasting ◽

Metabolic Function ◽

Behavioral Tests ◽

Omics Analysis

Abstract Objectives Cognitive decline is one of severe type 2 diabetes complications. Intermittent fasting (IF) is a promising dietary intervention for T2D risk reduction, but its protective effect and mechanism on diabetic cognitive dysfunction remain elusive. Gut microbiota plays a vital role interphasing diet and host physiology and pathology and highly affected by the dietary composition and patterns. It has been reported that the microbiota homeostasis is essential for maintenance of gut health and for modulating cognitive function. We hypothesized that gut microbiota might play a pivotal role in mediating protective effects of IF on diabetes-induced cognitive decline. Methods After a 28-day IF regimen treatment, cognitive behavioral tests and brain insulin signaling were assessed on db/db mice. The microbiota-metabolites-brain axis alterations were detected by multiple-omics analysis (transciptomics, 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics). A intergrade multi-omics analysis was performed to analyze the correlation among gut microbiota, plasma metabolites, and hippocampal gene expression. Results Here we found that a 28-day Intermittent fasting (IF) regimen improved cognitive deficits in db/db mice via a microbiota-metabolites-brain axis assessed by behavioral tests and multiple-omics analysis: IF activated AMPK/PGC1α signaling, enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis in hippocampus and elevated genes enriched in hippocampal metabolic function. Moreover, IF re-structured gut microbiota and improved plasma microbial metabolites in relation to diabetes and cognitive function, e.g., serotonin, 3-Indolepropionic acid, and bile acids. Integration of multi-omics data demonstrated strong links between IF-related genes, gut microbiome and metabolites. Furthermore, removal of gut microbiota with antibiotics partly abolished the observed benefits of IF on cognition and hippocampal metabolic function. Conclusions Taken together, the present study suggests a critical role of gut microbiota in connecting peripheral metabolism with brain function, which could lead to novel interventions against metabolism-implicated neurodegenerative pathophysiologies. Funding Sources This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China, National Natural Science Foundation of China.

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New Horizons in Microbiota and Metabolic Health Research

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgaa769 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sidharth P Mishra ◽

Shalini Jain ◽

Subhash Taraphder ◽

Hariom Yadav

Keyword(s):

Gut Microbiota ◽

Drug Response ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Prognostic Markers ◽

Metabolic Function ◽

Leaky Gut ◽

New Horizons ◽

Disease Prognosis ◽

Obesity And Diabetes ◽

Metabolic Interactions

Abstract Decade-old studies have demonstrated that microbes living in our gut (microbiota) contribute to both maintaining normal metabolic function and to the pathology of metabolic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota influences the personalized effects of diets and drugs and impact the gut–brain axis and leaky gut inflammation to control metabolic function/diseases. Gut microbiota can be an ideal source of prognostic markers and therapies for metabolic diseases. Here we discuss the emerging concepts in the area of microbiota and metabolic interactions in personalized nutrition, drug response, and disease prognosis.

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The polyphenol-rich extract from chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa L.) modulates gut microbiota and improves lipid metabolism in diet-induced obese rats

Nutrition & Metabolism ◽

10.1186/s12986-020-00473-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yue Zhu ◽

Jia-ying Zhang ◽

Yu-long Wei ◽

Jing-yi Hao ◽

Yu-qing Lei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Aronia Melanocarpa ◽

Obese Rats

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Anti-obesity effects of α-amylase inhibitor enriched-extract from white common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) associated with the modulation of gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c9fo01813a ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 1624-1634 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhenxing Shi ◽

Yingying Zhu ◽

Cong Teng ◽

Yang Yao ◽

Guixing Ren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Microbiota Composition ◽

Common Beans ◽

Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽

High Fat ◽

Obese Rats ◽

Amylase Inhibitors ◽

Gut Microbiota Composition

α-Amylase inhibitors (α-AI) have great potential to treat obesity.

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Electroacupuncture Prevents Osteoarthritis of High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/9380965 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Lin-Lin Xie ◽

Yu-Li Zhao ◽

Jian Yang ◽

Hui Cheng ◽

Zhen-Dong Zhong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Joint Inflammation ◽

Protective Effects ◽

High Fat ◽

Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽

Metabolism Disorder ◽

Obese Rats

The effects of acupuncture on osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis have been demonstrated in vitro and in animal models. However, the potential for acupuncture to mediate protective effects on obese-induced OA has not been examined. Here, we investigated the effects of different acupuncture patterns on OA pathogenesis in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese rats. After 12-week diet-induced obesity, obese rats were treated with three acupuncture protocols for 2 weeks, including ST36, GB34, and ST36+GB34. The results showed that the three acupuncture protocols both prevented obesity-induced cartilage matrix degradation and MMP expression and mitigated obesity-induced systemic and local inflammation but had different regulatory effects on lipid metabolism and gut microbiota disorder of obese-induced OA rats. Furthermore, the three acupuncture protocols increased the microbial diversity and altered the structure of community of feces in obese rats. We found that ST36 and GB34 could inhibit proinflammatory shift in the gut microbiome with an increase in the ratio of Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes and promote the recovery of relative abundance of Clostridium, Akkermansia, Butyricimonas, and Lactococcus. Although both ST36 and GB34 had an anti-inflammatory effect on serum inflammatory mediators, only the acupuncture protocol with both ST36 and GB34 could effectively inhibit LPS-mediated joint inflammation in obesity rats. Therefore, relieving obesity-related chronic inflammation, lipid metabolism disorder, and gut microbiota disorder may be an important mechanism for acupuncture with ST36 and GB34 to promote OA recovery.

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