scholarly journals Clinical examination of weanling rats with early zinc deficiency

1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Van Herck ◽  
J. P. Van Wouwe ◽  
M. Veldhuizen ◽  
V. Baumans ◽  
F. R. Stafleu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Individual Animal ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Weanling Rats ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Zinc Deficient Diet

In order to gain experience about the detection of adverse effects during a scientific procedure, we carried out a clinical examination of rats with zinc deficiency. In weanling rats fed a zinc-deficient diet (30 μmol zinc/kg) for 10 days, the mean tibial concentration of zinc was reduced by 53% and body weight gain by 73070 when compared with rats fed a diet containing an adequate amount of zinc (150 μmol zinc/kg). In a small open field on day 9 of the experiment, the deficient rats more frequently displayed the posture standing upright with elevated heels. On day 10 of the experiment a clinical examination was carried out at random and 'blind' by three independent assessors. Out of 20 variables scored quantitatively on each individual animal, only body size differed between normal and deficient rats. Other classical signs of zinc deficiency, such as alopecia, dermatitis and diarrhoea, were not detected. It is concluded that in this rat model of zinc deficiency, no evidence for extreme discomfort can be demonstrated.

scholarly journals CHARD (BETA VULGARIS VAR. CICLA) EXTRACT MODULATES ZINC STATUS, GLUCOSE LEVEL AND ANTIOXYDANT VALUES IN DIABETIC RATS FED ZINC DEFICIENCY DIET

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malika Hamdiken ◽  
Zine Kechrid
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Other ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Deficient Diet

Objective: Oxidative stress which comes from hyperglycemia, it accelerates the development of cellular and vascular damage complications in diabetes, but the antioxidants may play a beneficial role in its prevention. Several plants extracts have an antioxidant activity and the ability to reduce oxidative stress in diabetes. Thus this study was conducted to investigate the effect of Beta vulgaris var cicla extract on zinc status, glucose concentration and antioxidant parameters in streptozotocin-diabetic rats fed zinc deficiency diet.Methods: Twenty-eight male albino (Wistar) rats were divided into four groups: two groups fed a zinc-sufficient diet one non-diabetic and the other diabetic, while the others two diabetic groups were fed a zinc-deficient diet, one non-treated group and the other treated with the extract of Beta vulgaris var cicla. After 21 d of dietary manipulation, fasting animals were scarified. Blood glucose, tissues zinc (femur, liver, kidney), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were evaluated.Results: Body weight gain of zinc-deficient diabetic animals was lower than that of zinc-adequate diabetic animals. It was noticed also that inadequate dietary zinc intake increased glucose and MDA levels. In addition, zinc deficiency diet led to a decrease in zinc tissues, GSH concentration both GST and GSH-Px activities. However, Oral administration of Beta vulgaris extract significantly decreased both serum glucose and MDA (p<0.001) levels, with a significant increase in body weight gain (p<0.001), GSH concentration (p<0.05, P<0.001), GST (p<0.05, p<0.001) and GSH-Px (p<0.001) activities.Conclusion: The present study showed that Beta vulgaris var cicla supplementation presumably acting as an antioxidant, and it can be a natural source for the reduction of diabetes development caused by zinc deficiency.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary supplementation of biofloc meal on growth and survival of GIFT tilapia

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Prabu ◽  
C.B.T Rajagopalsamy ◽  
B. Ahilan ◽  
Jegan Michael Andro Jeevagan ◽  
M. Renuhadevi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Gift Tilapia ◽  
The Mean

A 60 days indoor growth trial was conducted to study the effect of dietary supplementation of biofloc meal on growth and survival of juvenile GIFT tilapia. Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets (32% crude protein) were prepared using biofloc meal at different inclusion levels viz., 0 (T0), 20 (T1), 30 (T2) and 40% (T3). A commercial diet (T4) was used for comparison. The feeding trial was conducted in 15 nos. of 40 l plastic troughs in triplicate, utilising GIFT tilapias weighing an average of 2 g. During the experimental period, water quality parameters were measured and recorded daily. The mean value of water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, ammonia-N, nitrite-N, nitrate-N, hardness and alkalinity recorded in the experimental systems were 28.5°C, 8.1, 5.5 ppm, 4.5 ppt, 0.03 ppm, 0.07 ppm, 11 ppm, 630 ppm and 162.5 ppm respectively. Among the biofloc meal enriched diets, diet T1 with 20% biofloc yielded the best results in terms of average body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and feed efficiency ratio (FER). The mean body weight gain recorded in T1 was 25.28±0.81 g. The results demonstrated that biofloc meal is a potential ingredient that can be incorporated in GIFT tilapia diet at 20% level for better growth performance.

scholarly journals The Effect of Fermented Sago Pulp on Performances and Income Over Feed Cost (IOFC) Local Sheep

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustapa Zahri Ritonga ◽  
Hasnudi ◽  
Iskandar Sembiring ◽  
Tri Hesti Wahyuni ◽  
Nevy Diana Hanafi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Real Effect ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The Mean

This study aims to determine the effect of fermented sago pulp in rations on performance (weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion) and local sheep's income over feed cost (IOFC). This research was carried out in the community farms of Karang Rejo Village, Stabat District, Langkat Regency. This research started from March to June 2017. The design used was complete randomized design (RAL), with 4 treatment of 5 replications. Each replication consisted of 1 local sheep with an initial weight of 11.05 ± 0.56 kg. The treatment consisted of P1 (50% sago pulp without fermentation + forage), P2 (60% of sago pitch without fermentation + forage), P3 (50% fermented sago pulp + forage), and P4 (60% fermented sago pulp +). The observed variables were performance (body weight gain, feed consumption, feed conversion) and income over feed cost (IOFC). The results showed that the treatment of fermented sago pulp gave a very real effect (P <0.01) on daily weight gain. The mean of P1 = 33,05 g, P2 = 39,95 g, P3 = 46,57 g, P4 = 54,38g. The consumption of fermented sago pulp treatment has a real effect (P <0,01). With average P1 = 486,38 g, P2 = 548,68 g, P3 = 604,69 g, P4 = 671,11 gr. Against the conversion of fermented sago pulp fermentation treatment gave a real effect (P <0.05). With average P1 = 14.78, P2 = 13.90, P3 = 12.99, P4 = 12,49. IOFC the highest local sheep is Rp. 121.568 on treatment of P4 and IOFC lowest at treatment P1 equal to Rp.73.315. The conclusion of the research shows that the utilization of fermented sago pulp can increase body weight gain, feed consumption, local sheep feed conversion. P4 treatment economically has a better economic level than P1,P2 and P3.

scholarly journals A study of factors affecting weight gain among tuberculosis patients under DOTS in district Amritsar

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 4804
Author(s):  
Pooja Sadana ◽  
Harpreet Kaur ◽  
Vishal Verma
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Continuation Phase ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Background: Wasting is a common feature in tuberculosis and treatment is aimed at achieving weight gain in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The aims and objectives of the study were to study the extent of body weight gain during treatment and to identify the effect of different factors on weight gain among TB patients.Methods: The study was conducted on a total of 326 patients residing in the area of PHC Verka and registered with District Tuberculosis Centre, Amritsar. Weight change was assessed by taking the difference of weight at initial diagnosis and after completion of continuation phase therapy.Results: A total of 228 patients participated in the study. The mean (±SD) body weights (in kg) for the patients were 44.92±12.7 at diagnosis and 48.79±12.9 at the end of treatment. The mean (±SD) weight gain was 3.86±4.55 kgs at the end of treatment. The gain in weight at the end of treatment was associated with supervision of treatment and outcome of the TB patient.Conclusions: The findings showed that there is an association between gain in weight with supervision of treatment and outcome of the TB patient.

scholarly journals Choline Deficiency Attenuates Body Weight Gain and Improves Glucose Tolerance in ob/ob Mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gengshu Wu ◽  
Liyan Zhang ◽  
Tete Li ◽  
Gary Lopaschuk ◽  
Dennis E. Vance ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Genetic Defect ◽  
Plasma Glucagon ◽  
Choline Deficiency ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Insulin Tolerance

Previous studies demonstrated that choline supply is directly linked to high-fat-diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice. The aim of this study was to evaluate if choline supply could also modulate obesity and insulin resistance caused by a genetic defect. Eight-week-old male ob/ob mice were fed for two months with either choline-deficient or choline-supplemented diet. Tissue weight including fat mass and lean mass was assessed. Intracellular signaling, plasma glucagon and insulin, and glucose and insulin tolerance tests were also investigated. The choline-deficient diet slowed body weight gain and decreased fat mass. Choline deficiency also decreased plasma glucose level and improved glucose and insulin tolerance although fatty liver was exacerbated. Increased adipose lipolytic activity, decreased plasma glucagon and reduced expression of hepatic glucagon receptor were also observed with the choline-deficient diet. Our results demonstrate that a choline-deficient diet can decrease fat mass and improve glucose tolerance in obese and diabetic mice caused by a genetic defect.

Performance and Intestinal Coliform Counts in Weaned Piglets Fed a Probiotic Culture (Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei CECT 4043) or an Antibiotic

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1797-1805 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAULA FAJARDO BERNÁRDEZ ◽  
CLARA FUCIÑOS GONZÁLEZ ◽  
JESÚSMÉNDEZ BATÁN ◽  
LORENZO PASTRANA CASTRO ◽  
NELSON PÉREZ GUERRA
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽  
The Mean

The production of biomass and antibacterial extracellular products by Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei CECT 4043 was followed in both batch and in realkalized fed-batch cultures. Enhanced concentrations of biomass and antibacterial extracellular products were obtained with the use of the latter fermentation technique in comparison with the batch mode. The culture obtained by fed-batch fermentation was mixed with skim milk and used to prepare a probiotic feed for weaned piglets. To test the effect of the potentially probiotic culture of L. casei on body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion efficiency, and on fecal coliform counts of piglets, two groups of animals received either feed supplemented with the probiotic preparation or avilamycin for 28 days. The control group was fed nonsupplemented feed. At the end of the administration period (day 28), the groups receiving probiotic and avilamycin exhibited the highest average body weight gain values, although the mean feed intake and feed conversion efficiency values were not different among the groups (P &gt; 0.05). For the entire experimental period (42 days), the control group exhibited the lowest feed intake value, the probiotic group exhibited the highest feed conversion efficiency value, and the antibiotic group exhibited the highest body weight gain (P &lt; 0.05). Interestingly, no significant difference in body weight gain was observed between the probiotic and the control groups by day 42 (P &gt; 0.05). Fecal coliform values decreased (although not significantly) by day 28 in the three groups. However, the mean counts returned to pretreatment levels by day 42 in all groups.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN WAFER RANSUM KOMPLIT YANG DITAMBAHKAN AMPAS SAGU (Metroxylon Sp) TERHADAP PENAMPILAN PRODUKSI SAPI BALI

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Triani Adelina ◽  
Dewi Ananda Mucra ◽  
Anwar Efendi Harahap ◽  
Muhammad Syarbini
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Random Group ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Ratio Data ◽  
The Mean

The purpose of this research is to study the performance of Bali cow production fed with field grass and complete wafer of sago pulp. The method used is a randomized block design (RBD) with 4 treatments 0% sago pulp, 10% sago pulp, 20% sago pulp, 30% sago pulp, and 2 replication. Variable researched are the increased consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio. Data is processed according to diversity analysis of the random group obtained by the mean shows no significant importance (P 0,05) to food consumption, body weight gain, and wafer conversion were relatively similar during the study. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the use of complete wafers with basic ingredients 30% sago pulp cannot improve the production performance in terms of consumption feed, growth in body weight, and feed conversion. Consumption of feed is about 4,66 – 4,83 kg/head/day, body growth between 0,00 – 0,455 kg/head/day and the range of conversion is between 0,00 – 24,83.

Finishing steers on high grain rations. The effects of three roughages, and of urea, vitamin A, colbalt and sodium chloride supplements

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (25) ◽  
pp. 144 ◽  
Author(s):  
JG Morris ◽  
RJW Gartner ◽  
PM Pepper
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Vitamin A Supplementation ◽  
Finishing Steers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Sorghum Silage

A 2 x 2 x 3 x 3 split plot design was used to investigate the effects of the following treatments on the finishing of steers : cobalt supplementation-as an intraruminal cobalt oxide pellet; vitamin A supplementation-as an intramuscular injection of 2.5 x l06 i.u. ; additives to the grain-nil, 1 per cent urea, and 1 per cent urea plus 1 per cent sodium chloride ; roughage source-wheaten chaff, sorghum silage, and lucerne chaff. Ten groups each of 10 steers, of a mean (� S.E.) shrunk body-weight of 537�3.4 lb were used. One group was slaughtered before feeding the rations to measure initial carcase weight and composition. Individual steers from the other nine groups were slaughtered at 900 lb body-weight. The mean body weight gain of all steers was 2.64 � 0.05 lb per head per day, for a mean D.M, intake of 15.7 lb grain and 2.5 lb roughage over 135 � 2.2 days. Roughage sources, sodium chloride, cobalt, and the vitamin A supplement had no significant effect on performance. Steers fed lucerne, particularly with urea, exhibited mild to moderate bloating. Carcase weight gain was significantly increased by the addition of urea to the grain. Carcase weight increased from 276 � 2.2 lb in the pre-treatment group to 482 � 1.8 lb in the finished steers. The composition of this increase was 71 per cent commercial cuts of meat, 20 per cent fat trimmings and 9 per cent bone. The mean total hepatic vitamin A reserves of the unsupplemented steers at slaughter was 38 per cent of the initial reserves ; the hepatic level in 20 of these animals was less than 10 �g/g.

A study of the incisor teeth of beef cattle

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 350 ◽  
Author(s):  
NM Tulloh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pass Through

The width of the dental bridge across the four pairs of incisors was measured in Hereford, Angus, and Shorthorn cattle. Width across the incisors increased rapidly from birth until the age of 7 months. It then remained practically unchanged until the age of 20 months after which width increased rapidly during the eruption of the first pair of permanent incisors. Further rapid increases occurred during the eruption of other permanent incisors. At the age of 13 months when all animals in one group of cattle had reached mature width across their deciduous incisors, this measurement was significantly greater in steers than in heifers. At this same age width across the incisors was significantly greater in Hereford and Angus cattle than in Shorthorns, and significantly greater in Hereford than in Angus cattle. No significant relation was found between width across the incisors and body weight or body weight gain in cattle with normal deciduous incisors. Similarly, the reduction in width following the extraction of the outside lateral deciduous incisors had no significant effect on body weight gain. The heritability of width across the incisors was calculated as twice the standard correlation coefficient between measurements of cows and their qffspring, and was found to be high (2r = 0.656). It is concluded that width across the incisors is a character which was of no economic importance under the grazing conditions used. The mean age (days) at which one or both of the first pair of permanent incisors were fist observed in steers was significantly less in Shorthorns (681.2 ± S.E. 11.5) than in Hereford (724.9 ± S.E. 14.9), with Angus cattle (708.3 ± S.E. 10.7) not significantly different from either of the other breeds. The eruption process for the first permanent incisors has been described in six stages, and the periods to pass through three of these stages have been estimated. The medial time for the whole process was 99 days. No check in body weight gain was associated with the eruptioa process.

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