scholarly journals Risk of vertebral fractures: evaluation on vertebral trabecular attenuation value and hydroxyapatite concentration in patients by chest spectral CT

2021 ◽  
pp. 20200234
Author(s):  
Qiang Ma ◽  
Yuangang You ◽  
Xinmeng Hou ◽  
Xiaoyue Cheng ◽  
Zhenghan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Fractures ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Optimal Threshold ◽  
Spectral Ct ◽  
Attenuation Value ◽  
High Area ◽  
Conventional Ct

Objectives: To analyze vertebral fractures risk in patients with chest scans by evaluating vertebral hydroxyapatite concentration measured on spectral CT compared to trabecular attenuation value measured on conventional CT. Methods: Our retrospectively study reviewed CT of 216 patients. Analysis of vertebral (T11 – L1) hydroxyapatite concentration by spectral imaging and trabecular attenuation value by conventional CT imaging were performed in patients with chest CT examinations. Specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) were performed by using receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) in patients with and without vertebral fractures. Results: In male patients, vertebral hydroxyapatite concentration had high area under the ROC curve (0.916); by using the optimal threshold of 72.27 mg/cm3, specificity, sensitivity, NPV, and PPV were 91.7, 80.2, 36.7, and 98.7%, respectively. In female patients, vertebral hydroxyapatite concentration also had high area under the ROC curve (0.870); by using the optimal threshold of 74.79 mg/cm3, specificity, sensitivity, NPV, and PPV were 100.0, 77.8, 47.4, and 100.0%, respectively. Area under the ROC curve was significantly different between spectral CT-measured bone hydroxyapatite concentration and conventional CT-measured attenuation value in distinguishing vertebral fractures (p = 0.007 for males; p = 0.005 for females). Conclusions: Quantitative assessment with spectral CT may appear as higher accuracy than that of conventional CT imaging to analyze risk of vertebral fractures. Hydroxyapatite concentration measured with chest spectral CT may be used to evaluate risk of bone fractures. Advances in knowledge: Hydroxyapatite concentration measured with chest spectral CT may be used to evaluate risk of bone fractures.

Diagnostic accuracy of serum insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 for ovarian cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1762-1767
Author(s):  
Pande Kadek Aditya Prayudi ◽  
I Nyoman Gede Budiana ◽  
Putu Doster Mahayasa ◽  
I Gede Ngurah Harry Wijaya Surya ◽  
Anak Agung Gede Putra Wiradnyana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Optimal Threshold ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Factor Binding

IntroductionInsulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer. The most prominent effects of IGFBP2 include promoting proliferation, driving invasion, and suppressing apoptosis. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of serum IGFBP2 in differentiating between benign and malignant ovarian neoplasms.MethodsPreoperative serum IGFBP2 level was evaluated from 76 women with primary ovarian tumor who underwent exploratory laparotomy at Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. The optimal threshold value of IGFBP2 for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer was determined from the receiver 0perating characteristic (ROC) curve. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathologic analysis of resected ovarian specimens.ResultsForty-six (60.5%) patients were diagnosed with ovarian cancer. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of IGFBP2 in detecting ovarian cancer was 0.815 (95% CI: 0.721 to 0.910, P<0.001). For a given specificity larger than 95%, the optimal sensitivity was 63%. The optimal threshold value of IGFBP2 for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer was 804 ng/mL [sensitivity 63%, specificity 96.7%, positive predictive value (PPV) 96.7%, negative predictive value (NPV) 63%, accuracy 76.3%, and diagnostic odd ratio (DOR) 49.5 (95% CI 6.1 to 396.5)]. In a subgroup analysis, IGFBP2 showed excellence performance in diagnosing advanced ovarian cancer (AUC 0.904 [95% CI: 0.806 to 1.000], sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 96.7%, PPV 95.2%, NPV 87.9%, accuracy 90.7%, and DOR 145.0 [95% CI 15.0 to 1395.3]).ConclusionIGFBP2 is a novel and potentially promising biomarker for detecting ovarian cancer. Further studies are needed to confirm its diagnostic performance in premenopausal women and for detecting early stage ovarian cancer.

Comparison of spectral computed tomography imaging parameters between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma at the gastroesophageal junction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yi-Chuan Ma ◽  
Shun-Hua Zhang ◽  
Zong-Yu Xie ◽  
Fei Guo ◽  
Ai-Qi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Gastroesophageal Junction ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Arterial Phase ◽  
Spectral Ct ◽  
Imaging Parameters ◽  
Spectral Computed Tomography ◽  
Venous Phase

OBJECTIVE: To compare the spectral computed tomography (CT) imaging parameters between squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) at the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ). METHODS: A total of 80 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study. Among them, 35 were diagnosed with SCC (SCC group) and 45 were diagnosed with AC (AC group). All patients underwent an enhanced scan with spectral CT. The following CT imaging parameters were evaluated: iodine concentration (IC), water content (WC), effective atomic number (Eff-Z) and slope of the spectral HU curve (λHU) of lesions. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of spectral CT imaging parameters for diagnosis of SCC and AC. RESULTS: Patients with SCC had lower IC, Eff-Z, and λHU in arterial phase and venous phase compared with AC (p< 0.05). There were no significant differences in WC between the two groups. ROC curve analyses revealed that IC, Eff-Z, and λHU in arterial phase and venous phase were predictors for diagnosis of SCC and AC (AUC > 0.5). Moreover, the IC, Eff-Z and λHU in venous phase had better differential diagnostic performances than that in arterial phase. CONCLUSIONS: Spectral CT could be useful in the differential diagnosis of SCC and AC at the GEJ. Therefore, a routine spectral CT scan is recommended for patients with carcinoma of the GEJ.

VALUE OF COMBINATION OF HAP SCORE AND BISAP SCORE IN PREDICTING SEVERITY IN PATIENTS OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Thi Ngoc Suong Le ◽  
Pham Chi Tran ◽  
Van Huy Tran
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Central Hospital

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammation of the pancreas, usually occurs suddenly with a variety of clinical symptoms, complications of multiple organ failure and high mortality rates. Objectives: To determine the value of combination of HAP score and BISAP score in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis of the Atlanta 2012 Classification. Patients and Methods: 75 patients of acute pancreatitis hospitalized at Hue Central Hospital between March 2017 and July 2018; HAP and BISHAP score is calculated within the first 24 hours. The severity of AP was classified by the revised Atlanta criteria 2012. Results: When combining the HAP and BISAP scores in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis, the area under the ROC curve was 0,923 with sensitivity value was 66.7%, specificity value was 97.1%; positive predictive value was 66.7%, negative predictive value was 97.1%. Conclusion: The combination of HAP and BISAP scores increased the sensitivity, predictive value, and prognostic value in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis of the revised Atlanta 2012 classification in compare to each single scores. Key words: HAPscore, BiSAP score, acute pancreatitis, predicting severity

scholarly journals The role of CT imaging for management of COVID-19 in epidemic area: early experience from a University Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram rao Bollineni ◽  
Koenraad Hans Nieboer ◽  
Seema Döring ◽  
Nico Buls ◽  
Johan de Mey
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Ct Findings ◽  
Epidemic Area ◽  
Chest Ct Scan ◽  
Pcr Test

Abstract Background To evaluate the clinical value of the chest CT scan compared to the reference standard real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in COVID-19 patients. Methods From March 29th to April 15th of 2020, a total of 240 patients with respiratory distress underwent both a low-dose chest CT scan and RT-PCR tests. The performance of chest CT in diagnosing COVID-19 was assessed with reference to the RT-PCR result. Two board-certified radiologists (mean 24 years of experience chest CT), blinded for the RT-PCR result, reviewed all scans and decided positive or negative chest CT findings by consensus. Results Out of 240 patients, 60% (144/240) had positive RT-PCR results and 89% (213/240) had a positive chest CT scans. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of chest CT in suggesting COVID-19 were 100% (95% CI: 97–100%, 144/240), 28% (95% CI: 19–38%, 27/240), 68% (95% CI: 65–70%) and 100%, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy of the chest CT suggesting COVID-19 was 71% (95% CI: 65–77%). Thirty-three patients with positive chest CT scan and negative RT-PCR test at baseline underwent repeat RT-PCR assay. In this subgroup, 21.2% (7/33) cases became RT-PCR positive. Conclusion Chest CT imaging has high sensitivity and high NPV for diagnosing COVID-19 and can be considered as an alternative primary screening tool for COVID-19 in epidemic areas. In addition, a negative RT-PCR test, but positive CT findings can still be suggestive of COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Predictive CT features for the diagnosis of primary pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinoma: comparison with squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Ban ◽  
Xinping Shen ◽  
Huijun Hu ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Chuanmiao Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinomas ◽  
Curve Analysis ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Ct Features

Abstract Background To determine the predictive CT imaging features for diagnosis in patients with primary pulmonary mucoepidermoid carcinomas (PMECs). Materials and methods CT imaging features of 37 patients with primary PMECs, 76 with squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and 78 with adenocarcinomas were retrospectively reviewed. The difference of CT features among the PMECs, SCCs and adenocarcinomas was analyzed using univariate analysis, followed by multinomial logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results CT imaging features including tumor size, location, margin, shape, necrosis and degree of enhancement were significant different among the PMECs, SCCs and adenocarcinomas, as determined by univariate analysis (P < 0.05). Only lesion location, shape, margin and degree of enhancement remained independent factors in multinomial logistic regression analysis. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under curve of the obtained multinomial logistic regression model was 0.805 (95%CI: 0.704–0.906). Conclusion The prediction model derived from location, margin, shape and degree of enhancement can be used for preoperative diagnosis of PMECs.

Predictive value of sarcopenic findings in the psoas muscle on CT imaging among patients with sepsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
Yohei Okada ◽  
Takeyuki Kiguchi ◽  
Asami Okada ◽  
Ryoji Iizuka ◽  
Taku Iwami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Psoas Muscle ◽  
Ct Imaging

FC 051PREDICTIVE VALUE OF PLASMA NGAL:HEPCIDIN-25 FOR MAJOR ADVERSE KIDNEY EVENTS AFTER CARDIAC SURGERY WITH CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS: A PILOT STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saban Elitok ◽  
Anja Haase-Fielitz ◽  
Martin Ernst ◽  
Michael Haase
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Urinary Output ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Plasma Ngal ◽  
Net Reclassification Improvement ◽  
Major Adverse Kidney Events

Abstract Background and Aims Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and hepcidin-25 appear to be involved in catalytic iron-related kidney injury after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. We aimed to explore the predictive value of plasma NGAL, plasma hepcidin-25, and the plasma NGAL:hepcidin-25 ratio for major adverse kidney events after cardiac surgery. Method We compared the predictive value of plasma NGAL, hepcidin-25, and NGAL:hepcidin-25 with those of serum creatinine (Cr), and urinary output and urinary protein for primary endpoint major adverse kidney events (MAKE; acute kidney injury [AKI] stages 2 and 3, persistent AKI &gt; 48 hrs, acute dialysis, and in-hospital mortality) and secondary-endpoint AKI in 100 cardiac surgery patients at intensive care unit (ICU) admission. We performed ROC curve, logistic regression, and reclassification analyses. Results At ICU admission, plasma NGAL, plasma NGAL:hepcidin-25, and Cr predicted MAKE (area under the ROC curve [AUC]: 0.77 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.60–0.94], 0.79 [0.63–0.95], 0.74 [0.51–0.97]) and AKI (0.73 [0.53–0.93], 0.89 [0.81–0.98], 0.70 [0.48–0.93]). For AKI prediction, NGAL:hepcidin-25 had a higher discriminatory power than Cr (AUC difference 0.26 [95% CI 0.00–0.53]). Urinary output and protein, plasma lactate, C-reactive protein, creatine kinase myocardial band, and brain natriuretic peptide did not predict MAKE or AKI (AUC &lt; 0.70). Only plasma NGAL:hepcidin-25 correctly reclassified patients for MAKE or AKI (category-free net reclassification improvement: 0.82 [95% CI 0.12–1.52], 1.03 [0.29–1.77]). After adjustment to the Cleveland risk score, plasma NGAL:hepcidin-25 ≥ 0.9 independently predicted MAKE (adjusted odds ratio 16.34 [95% CI 1.77–150.49], P = 0.014), whereas Cr did not. Conclusion NGAL:hepcidin-25 is a promising plasma marker for predicting postoperative MAKE.

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