scholarly journals Stafne’s bone cyst revisited and renamed: the benign mandibular concavity

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 20190475
Author(s):  
Johan K.M. Aps ◽  
Natasha Koelmeyer ◽  
Cina Yaqub
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Muscular Tissue ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Patients Âgés ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Salivary Gland Tissue ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Radiolucent Lesion ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Right

Objective: Stafne’s bone cyst (SBC) is an asymptomatic, round or oval-shaped, well-defined, uniform radiolucent lesion, usually incidentally observed in the posterior aspects of the mandible. Radiographical appearance may be confusing though. This study aimed to review the literature on SBCs and to map the SBC as shown in their respective papers. Methods: A Pubmed® search (1/9/2018 till 31/5/2019), mentioning SBC, was carried out. Included papers had to contain: patient’s age, gender and radiographs. Results: In total, 114 papers were found, but only 64 papers were retained, which contained 109 cases (95 males, 14 females). The patients’ ages ranged between 14 and 89 years old (mean age being 52 years). Male patients’ ages (N = 95) ranged from 14 to 89 years (mean age 52.3 years), whereas the females (N = 14) ages ranged between 22 and 68 (mean age 50.2 years). 28 combinations of locations of SBC were recorded. Only three lesions were located at the symphysis, six were bilateral, 55 appeared on the left hand side and 45 on the right hand side of the mandible.The literature mentioned that these cavities could contain salivary gland tissue, muscular tissue, lymphoid tissue, blood vessels, fat tissue or connective tissue. Discussion/Conclusion: This study illustrates the wide variation of SBC locations across the mandible and leads us to conclude that the differential diagnosis of every asymptomatic, oval or round, well-defined, uniform radiolucent lesion on two-dimensional radiographs of the mandible should include “a benign mandibular concavity”, formerly known as SBC.

scholarly journals A case report of ectopic salivary gland tissue in the larynx

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sleurs K ◽  
◽  
Heijden S Van Der ◽  
Vries B De ◽  
Smit J ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Salivary Gland Tissue ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Submucosal Mass ◽  
The Right ◽  
False Vocal

Submucosal laryngeal masses are challenging for ENT specialists as the diagnosis usually remains uncertain until histopathological examination is carried out. We report a case of a 54-year old man complaining of dysphonia and globus sensation. Flexible laryngoscopic examination showed a submucosal swelling in the right anterior laryngeal ventricle. Microlaryngoscopic excision of the submucosal mass was performed. Histological examination revealed salivary gland tissue. We found only a few cases in the literature of ectopic salivary gland tissue situated in the larynx. In these cases, the salivary gland tissue was also located at the anterior portion of the true or false vocal fold. Thus, it is necessary to consider this condition in the differential diagnosis of a submucosal mass in the anterior true or false vocal fold or laryngeal ventricle.

scholarly journals Association between the 2D:4D ratio and schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 030006052092914
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Han ◽  
Wei Deng ◽  
Wei Lei ◽  
Yin Lin ◽  
Yinfei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Potential Association ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Right ◽  
Digit Length

Objective To investigate the potential association between the ratio of the second digit length to the fourth digit length (2D:4D) and schizophrenia, to provide evidence regarding the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Methods In this study, we enrolled 843 patients with schizophrenia (387 men and 456 women), all of whom met the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV), and 1050 normal healthy controls (477 men and 573 women). The digit lengths of both hands were measured in all subjects and the 2D:4D ratio was analyzed. Results In the healthy controls, the 2D:4D ratio was sexually dimorphic, with a larger value in women than in men. In addition, the 2D:4D ratio in the schizophrenia patients was significantly larger than in the healthy controls. The 2D:4D ratio of the right hand was more sexually dimorphic than the left hand. Furthermore, the difference in 2D:4D ratios between the male patients and male controls was significantly larger than in their female counterparts. Conclusions By analyzing the 2D:4D ratio and considering alternative factors related to schizophrenia, our findings support the hypothesis that there are abnormal cerebral conditions in schizophrenia patients.

scholarly journals Intraglandular Ordinary Lipoma of the Submandibular Gland

2019 ◽  
pp. 014556131989560
Author(s):  
Yong Won Lee ◽  
Jihyun Chung
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Mature Adipose Tissue ◽  
Salivary Gland Tissue ◽  
Mixed Area ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
The Right ◽  
Lipomatous Tumors

Lipomas are the most common soft tissue lesions occurring in the salivary glands but have a very low incidence. Lipomas commonly occur in the parotid gland, and lipomas in the submandibular gland (SMG) are rare. Until recently, ordinary lipomas of the parotid gland and some variants of lipomas of the SMG have been reported. However, few reports of ordinary lipomas occurring within the SMG exist in the literature. We report an extremely rare case of ordinary lipoma within the right SMG of a 65-year-old man. The tumor measured a 2.0 × 1.8 × 2.7 cm, was a well-capsulated homogenous yellow mass, which was composed of mature adipose tissue. A partially mixed area with salivary gland tissue was observed. There has not been much research on lipomatous tumors from the SMG because of their rareness. Most lipomatous tumors in the parotid gland are known as ordinary lipomas, but more research is needed to determine whether they can be applied to the SMG. Thus, this report will be instrumental in the understanding of lipomatous tumors of the SMG.

scholarly journals Change in muscle strength of the hand flexors, muscle-to-fat ratio and walking speed in ­middle-aged patients living in rural areas after myocardial infarction during cardiac rehabilitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 785-790
Author(s):  
A A Efremushkina ◽  
Ya A Kozhedub ◽  
V A Elykomov
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
The Right

Aim. To estimate in dynamics the changes in muscle strength of hand flexors, muscle mass and gait rate in men with ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction during cardiac rehabilitation at the outpatient polyclinic stage where daily dosed walking with individually selected frequency steps under self-control was used as a physical component. Methods. The study included 66 men. Patients were divided into two groups comparable by age: 41 men with myocardial infarction (mean age 56.497.33 years) and 25 men with exertional angina without myocardial infarction (mean age 61.094.67 years). In all patients before and after 3 months of cardiac rehabilitation, where the physical component was represented by dosed walking, clinical and anamnestic characteristics were determined, muscle mass using bioimpedancemetry, muscle strength by wrist dynamometry, and walking speed using 6-minute walk test were measured. Statistical processing of the obtained materials was carried out by generally accepted methods. Results. In patients with coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction, the muscle strength of the hand flexor on the right hand increased from 45.2611 daN to 46.37 daN (p=0.05) and on the left hand from 43.7811 to 43.7811 (p=0.05), absence of changes in muscle-to-fat tissue ratio 48.5 (47.7; 49.7) to 48.9 (48.5; 49.9) (p=0.08), increase in gait speed from 450 m (420; 500) to 480 m (440; 500) (p=0.05). In patients with coronary heart disease without myocardial infarction, muscle-to-fat tissue ratio decreased from 48.6 (47.7; 49.2) to 47.7 (46.5; 48.3) (p=0.04); gait speed decreased from 400 m (380; 431) to 390 m (350; 400) (p=0.05), the muscle strength of the hand flexors did not change (from 45.728.03 to 44.88 for the right hand (p=0.54) and from 42.1810 to 42.610 for the left hand (p=0.6). Conclusion. After 3 months of cardiac rehabilitation at the outpatient polyclinic stage, patients with myocardial infarction had a positive effect reflected by muscle strength of flexors on both hands, insignificant increase of muscle mass relative to fat tissue and increase of gait speed as opposed to patients with coronary heart disease without myocardial infarction, who had a decrease in muscle strength of hand flexors, muscle-to-fat tissue ratio and gait speed during this period of time.

scholarly journals A Case of a Stafne Bone Defect Associated with Sublingual Glands in the Lingual Side of the Mandible

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Kamichika Hayashi ◽  
Takeshi Onda ◽  
Takahiro Iwasaki ◽  
Mitsuru Takata ◽  
Kiyotaka Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Lingual Side ◽  
Salivary Gland Tissue ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right ◽  
Similar Signal Intensity ◽  
Stafne Bone Defect

A Stafne bone defect from the mandibular anterior to the premolar region is an extremely rare case. A case of a Stafne bone defect extending from the mandibular anterior to the premolar region was presented. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) suggested that salivary gland tissue connected to the sublingual glands was involved in the formation of the cavity. The patient was a 68-year-old man who was examined at our hospital’s emergency outpatient department after a traffic accident. He was referred to our department for the treatment of contusions of the lips and oral cavity. A bone defect in the lingual side of the mandible from the right anterior to the right premolar region was incidentally detected on CT. CT showed a rounded cavity in the lingual side of the mandible that had a lingual opening, was monocystic, and had a cortical margin. The margin of the cavity was relatively dull and regular. MRI showed that the tissue filling the cavity in the lingual side of the mandible had similar signal intensity as the sublingual glands and was contiguous with the normal sublingual glands. Based on these findings, the bone defect was diagnosed as a Stafne bone defect filled with salivary gland tissue connected to the sublingual gland tissue.

scholarly journals Can the Second to Fourth Digit Ratio (2D : 4D) Be a Marker to Determine Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity?

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Sevcan Uğur ◽  
Hasan Fatih Çay ◽  
İlhan Sezer ◽  
Cahit Kaçar
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Spinal Mobility ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right And Left Hand

Objective. The length ratio of the index finger (2D) to the ring finger (4D) (2D : 4D ratio) is considered a biomarker of prenatal sex hormone exposure. The 2D : 4D ratio is influenced by prenatal androgen and estrogen levels. Because ankylosing spondylitis (AS) influences men more frequently and severely than women, androgens are proposed to be related to AS pathogenesis. Estrogens have immune-modulating effects and reduce AS disease activity. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between 2D : 4D ratio and AS disease activity. Material and Methods. In this study, 167 (43 female) patients diagnosed with AS were studied. The lengths of the second and fourth fingers were measured using a digital caliper. The 2D : 4D ratio was found by dividing the length of the second finger by the length of the fourth finger. AS disease activity was assessed with the Turkish version of the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI). AS functional status was assessed with Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI). L-Schober, tragus to wall distance, finger to floor distance, and chest expansion were used to evaluate mobility. Results. In female patients, the right hand 2D : 4D ratios were higher than those in male patients. Biologic drug use was more frequent in males. The BASDAI scores were higher in female patients than in male patients. There were significant negative correlations between right and left hand 2D : 4D ratio and BASFI and BASDAI in female patients. There was no significant correlation between the 2D : 4D ratio and BASFI or BASDAI in male patients. We found a positive correlation between L-Schober and right hand 2D : 4D and a negative correlation between the left hand 2D : 4D ratio and finger to floor distance in female patients with AS. Conclusion. The 2D : 4D ratio of the right and left hand was low in female patients with high BASFI and BASDAI and low spinal mobility (L-Schober) was also linked to low female 2D : 4D. The lack of strong associations between 2D : 4D and AS in male patients may have resulted from their higher use of biologics.

Editorial Note

1946 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-2
Keyword(s):  
Editorial Note ◽  
Speech Sounds ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Hand Column ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Infant Speech ◽  
The Right

In the article “Infant Speech Sounds and Intelligence” by Orvis C. Irwin and Han Piao Chen, in the December 1945 issue of the Journal, the paragraph which begins at the bottom of the left hand column on page 295 should have been placed immediately below the first paragraph at the top of the right hand column on page 296. To the authors we express our sincere apologies.

Is the Future the Right Time?

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Ouellet ◽  
Julio Santiago ◽  
Ziv Israeli ◽  
Shai Gabay
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Task ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Time Line ◽  
Temporal Reference ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Reading Direction ◽  
Mental Time Line ◽  
The Right

Spanish and English speakers tend to conceptualize time as running from left to right along a mental line. Previous research suggests that this representational strategy arises from the participants’ exposure to a left-to-right writing system. However, direct evidence supporting this assertion suffers from several limitations and relies only on the visual modality. This study subjected to a direct test the reading hypothesis using an auditory task. Participants from two groups (Spanish and Hebrew) differing in the directionality of their orthographic system had to discriminate temporal reference (past or future) of verbs and adverbs (referring to either past or future) auditorily presented to either the left or right ear by pressing a left or a right key. Spanish participants were faster responding to past words with the left hand and to future words with the right hand, whereas Hebrew participants showed the opposite pattern. Our results demonstrate that the left-right mapping of time is not restricted to the visual modality and that the direction of reading accounts for the preferred directionality of the mental time line. These results are discussed in the context of a possible mechanism underlying the effects of reading direction on highly abstract conceptual representations.

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