scholarly journals Development of innovative environmental applications of attapulgite clay

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 992 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Zotiadis ◽  
A. Argyraki
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Environmental Application ◽  
Attapulgite Clay

In this paper we present a series of laboratory and field, pilot- scale applications of attapulgite clay as an amendment for the stabilization of metals in contaminated soil and sewage sludge. Attapulgite’s structure together with its fine particle size and fibrous habit are responsible for its high specific surface area and sorption properties. A pilot scale application of attapulgite clay as a binder for in situ stabilization of toxic metals in contaminated land showed significant reduction in the water leachable metal fraction (Cu: 17%, Pb: 50%, Zn: 45%, Cd: 41%, Ag: 46%, As: 18%, Mn: 47%, Ba: 45%, Sb: 29%). In a second pilot scale environmental application, an innovative attapulgite “Geosynthetic Reactive Clay - GRC” was designed and developed for “capping” and “stabilization”of toxic metals in contaminated soil. Also, laboratory scale experiments with fresh sewage sludge from a municipal water treatment plant showed that addition of attapulgite clay in sludge, significantly reduced the leachable concentrations of phenol, DOC, Hg, Cu, Mo, Pb, Se, As, Zn and pathogen population over a 4 weeks observation period. The developed soil remediation techniques are promising and cost-effective under present market conditions. Concerning treatment of sewage sludge, attapulgite clay is an effective additive that could enhance the composting procedure creating an environmental added value, final compost product.

Cost-effective water treatment of polluted surface water by using direct filtration and granular activated carbon filtration

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Cromphout ◽  
W. Rougge
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Direct Filtration ◽  
Carbon Filtration ◽  
Effective Water

In Harelbeke a Water Treatment Plant with a capacity of 15,000 m3/day, using Schelde river water has been in operation since April 1995. The treatment process comprises nitrification, dephosphatation by direct filtration, storage into a reservoir, direct filtration, granular activated carbon filtration and disinfection. The design of the three-layer direct filters was based on pilot experiments. The performance of the plant during the five years of operation is discussed. It was found that the removal of atrazin by activated carbon depends on the water temperature.

Effect of adding alum sludge from water treatment plant on sewage sludge dewatering

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 746-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Li ◽  
Liu Liu ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Ting Ma ◽  
Ailan Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
Alum Sludge

Application of Thermally Treated Sewage Sludge in Blended Cements

2014 ◽  
Vol 905 ◽  
pp. 191-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbyšek Pavlík ◽  
Milena Pavlíková ◽  
Jan Fořt ◽  
Martina Záleská ◽  
Igor Medveď ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Blended Cements ◽  
Thermally Treated

Chemical, physical, morphological, and mineralogical analysis of sewage sludge originating from a waste water treatment plant in Patras, Greece, is presented in the paper. The sewage sludge is firstly dried at 70°C, then oven-burned at 700°C for two hours and milled. The thermally treated material is analyzed using XRF and XRD, the particle size distribution is determined by a laser diffraction method. A potential use of sewage sludge in blended cements is investigated on the basis of the measurement of mechanical and basic physical properties of pastes containing the sludge in an amount of up to 60% of the mass of cement. Experimental results show that the thermal treatment of pre-dried sewage sludge and its grinding provides a material that can be successfully applied as a partial replacement of Portland cement. At a production of blended cements for high strength concrete, an up to 20% cement replacement level can be recommended.

scholarly journals Pesticide removals in the nitrifying expanded-bed filter at drinking water treatment plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Nguyet Thi-Minh Dao ◽  
The-Anh Nguyen ◽  
Viet-Anh Nguyen ◽  
Mitsuharu Terashima ◽  
Hidenari Yasui
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Expanded Bed ◽  
Biological Activated Carbon

The occurrence of pesticides even at low concentrations in drinking water sources might induce potential risks to public health. This study aimed to investigate the removal mechanisms of eight pesticides by the nitrifying expanded-bed filter using biological activated carbon media at the pretreatment of a drinking water plant. The field analysis demonstrated that four pesticides Flutolanil, Buprofezin, Chlorpyrifos, and Fenobucard, were removed at 82%, 55%, 54%, and 52% respectively, while others were not significantly removed. Under controlled laboratory conditions with continuous and batch experiments, the adsorption onto the biological activated carbon media was demonstrated to be the main removal pathway of the pesticides. The contribution of microorganisms to the pesticide removals was rather limited. The pesticide removals observed in the field reactor was speculated to be the adsorption on the suspended solids presented in the influent water. The obtained results highlighted the need to apply a more efficient and cost-effective technology to remove the pesticide in the drinking water treatment process. Keywords: biological activated carbon; drinking water treatment; nitrifying expanded-bed filter; pesticide removal.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of vertical subsurface wetlands for iron and manganese removal from wastewater in drinking water treatment plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-163
Author(s):  
Jader Martínez Girón ◽  
Jenny Vanessa Marín-Rivera ◽  
Mauricio Quintero-Angel
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Significant Difference

Population growth and urbanization pose a greater pressure for the treatment of drinking water. Additionally, different treatment units, such as decanters and filters, accumulate high concentrations of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn), which in many cases can be discharged into the environment without any treatment when maintenance is performed. Therefore, this paper evaluates the effectiveness of vertical subsurface wetlands for Fe and Mn removal from wastewater in drinking water treatment plants, taking a pilot scale wetland with an ascending gravel bed with two types of plants: C. esculenta and P. australis in El Hormiguero (Cali, Colombia), as an example. The pilot system had three upstream vertical wetlands, two of them planted and the third one without a plant used as a control. The wetlands were arranged in parallel and each formed by three gravel beds of different diameter. The results showed no significant difference for the percentage of removal in the three wetlands for turbidity (98 %), Fe (90 %), dissolved Fe (97 %) and Mn (98 %). The dissolved oxygen presented a significant difference between the planted wetlands and the control. C. esculenta had the highest concentration of Fe in the root with (103.5 ± 20.8) µg/g ; while P. australis had the highest average of Fe concentrations in leaves and stem with (45.7 ± 24) µg/g and (41.4 ± 9.1) µg/g, respectively. It is concluded that subsurface wetlands can be an interesting alternative for wastewater treatment in the maintenance of drinking water treatment plants. However, more research is needed for the use of vegetation or some technologies for the removal or reduction of the pollutant load in wetlands, since each drinking water treatment plant will require a treatment system for wastewater, which in turn requires a wastewater treatment system as well.

Future proof decentralised sludge recycling Elodry-pro®

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 840-848
Author(s):  
B. Geraats ◽  
M. Parnowska ◽  
L. Kox
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Nox Formation

Abstract At Linz-Unkel (Germany) sewage treatment plant the first full scale state-of-art EloDry-Pro® plant for sewage sludge has been constructed, consisting of the PYREG® reactor and the EloDry® belt dryer. The system is characterised by small footprint, flexibility, modular design and efficient energy management. The sludge dried using an EloDry® belt dryer undergoes staged combustion using the PYREG® module at around 6,500°C. This reduces the sludge to a fraction of its original volume while disinfecting it and removing micro-pollutants such as pharmaceutical residues. The residual ash, which has a high percentage of plant-available phosphorus, is then supplied to the fertiliser industry as a recycled raw material. The working principle of EloDry-Pro® installation, including heat flows of the system, is presented. The paper describes Pyreg®'s advanced emission control systems, preventing NOx formation and removing harmful substances such as mercury and sulphur. The EloDry-Pro® technology is an innovative and cost-effective approach to decentralised thermal recycling of sewage sludge. Both sewage sludge volumes and transportation costs are reduced by up to 90%, therefore making it a low carbon cost-effective alternative to the transportation of sludge and allowing local sludge processing at plants under 100 k population.

Chemical monitoring strategy for the assessment of advanced water treatment plant performance

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 961-968 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Drewes ◽  
J. A. McDonald ◽  
T. Trinh ◽  
M. V. Storey ◽  
S. J. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Chemical Monitoring ◽  
Plant Operation

A pilot-scale plant was employed to validate the performance of a proposed full-scale advanced water treatment plant (AWTP) in Sydney, Australia. The primary aim of this study was to develop a chemical monitoring program that can demonstrate proper plant operation resulting in the removal of priority chemical constituents in the product water. The feed water quality to the pilot plant was tertiary-treated effluent from a wastewater treatment plant. The unit processes of the AWTP were comprised of an integrated membrane system (ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis) followed by final chlorination generating a water quality that does not present a source of human or environmental health concern. The chemical monitoring program was undertaken over 6 weeks during pilot plant operation and involved the quantitative analysis of pharmaceuticals and personal care products, steroidal hormones, industrial chemicals, pesticides, N-nitrosamines and halomethanes. The first phase consisted of baseline monitoring of target compounds to quantify influent concentrations in feed waters to the plant. This was followed by a period of validation monitoring utilising indicator chemicals and surrogate measures suitable to assess proper process performance at various stages of the AWTP. This effort was supported by challenge testing experiments to further validate removal of a series of indicator chemicals by reverse osmosis. This pilot-scale study demonstrated a simplified analytical approach that can be employed to assure proper operation of advanced water treatment processes and the absence of trace organic chemicals.

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