scholarly journals Prevalence and new histopathological aspects of Haemoproteus spp. in pigeons from Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 1925
Author(s):  
S. BAHRAMI ◽  
S. ESMAEILZADEH ◽  
A. R. ALBORZI ◽  
S. NIKNEJAD
Keyword(s):  
Blood Smear ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Cell Swelling ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Molecular Method ◽  
Lymphocytic Myocarditis ◽  
Blood Circulatory System ◽  
Pcr Targeting ◽  
Pathogenic Protozoan

Haemoproteus spp. is pathogenic protozoan that effecting blood circulatory system of birds. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the presence of Haemoproteus spp. in pigeons from Iran and associatedhistopathological changes. A total of 108 blood samples were taken from pigeons to investigate Haemoproteus spp. presence by blood smear and semi-nested PCR targeting the cytochrome b gene methods. Also, to evaluate histopathological changes 12 infected pigeons to Haemoproteus were sacrificed and studied. 34.2% of pigeons infected with Haemoproteus showed macro and microgametocytes in their erythrocytes while based on the molecular method 63.8% were infected. Focal lymphocytic aggregates, pigmentation and cell swelling were the main histopathological lesions in infected livers. Multifocal non- suppurative interstitial nephritis, pigmentation and splenic lymphoid hyperplasia were also seen in the infected pigeons. Mild lymphocytic myocarditis in the heart of one pigeon was the other finding. No histopathological changes were seen in brain, intestine, and pancreas. Schizonts with variable shapes and sizes were detected in infected livers, lungs, kidneys, and spleens but megaloschizonts were not found. This study also reports the molecular prevalence of Haemoproteus spp. in Iran

scholarly journals A CONCEPTUAL STUDY OF KALA SHARIR W.S.R.TO RAKTADHARA KALA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Yende ◽  
Sheetal Laxmanrao Thosar ◽  
Jayashree S Gohane
Keyword(s):  
Circulatory System ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
The Body ◽  
Embryological Development ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Blood Circulatory System ◽  
Conceptual Study ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT  : The word kala has been used in many senses in vedic & other ancient literature , Kala Sharira is an important part of Ayurvedic anatomy. Kala was first time described by Sushruta. He has explained kala as a barrier between dhatu and its ashaya Vagbhata has then added embryological development that it is the  important physical and functional components of the body. They form a protective coating for the ashayas as well as boundary between the ashayas and dhatus. There are seven kala in the body, in which second kala is Raktadhara kala. Kala sharira (anatomy and physiology of kala) gives us information about the important membranes and layers of the body which take part in many important functions of the body. Acharyas of Ayurveda have described the Anatomy & Physiology of Raktadhara kala in very brief manner.It is explained that Raktadhara kala holds the Raktadhatu (Blood) & present especially in sira (vessels), yakrita (liver) & pleeha (speen) but which structure inside of them is responsible for Raktadhara kala is not clearly mentioned. Hridaya (Heart) is an important organ of blood circulatory system but it is not included as a specific site of Raktadhara kala. So for proper understanding, it is essential to correlate it with the modern science & elaborate in a proper way.

scholarly journals ACUTE NONCARDIOGENIC PULMONARY EDEMA FOLLOWING NEOSTIGMINE ADMINISTRATION IN THE ENDOTRACHEAL INTUBATION STATE AFTER TONSILLECTOMY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
WOO JIN CHO ◽  
SO HUI YUN ◽  
SEUNG EUN SONG ◽  
CHANGROCK KNA ◽  
SURAN YU
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Nasal Congestion ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Rule Out

Acute pulmonary edema during the perioperative period can have various causes. A 20-year-old woman was admitted for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. She had nasal congestion for 2 months, chronic sinusitis with polyps, and diffuse lymphoid hyperplasia. A biopsy and peripheral blood smear were performed to rule out a lymphoma before surgery. We injected neostigmine 1.5 mg and glycopyrrolate 0.4 mg at the end of the surgery. Two minutes later, the secretion and peak airway pressure increased as well as the CO2 levels. The patient remained sedated and suctioning continued for approximately 20 min before extubation. The secretions reduced and there was an improvement in clinical symptoms as the pinkish foamy pattern became whitish. Presumed treatment of neostigmine hypersensitivity or surgery can be used to resolve perioperative chronic partial airway obstruction.

scholarly journals Involvement of Bradykinin Generation in Intravascular Dissemination of Vibrio vulnificus and Prevention of Invasion by a Bradykinin Antagonist

1998 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 866-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishi Maruo ◽  
Takaaki Akaike ◽  
Tomomichi Ono ◽  
Hiroshi Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Bradykinin Antagonist ◽  
Viable Bacteria ◽  
Blood Circulatory System ◽  
Colony Forming Assay

ABSTRACT Involvement of bradykinin generation in bacterial invasion was examined by using a gram-negative bacillus, Vibrio vulnificus, which is known to invade the blood circulatory system and cause septicemia. V. vulnificus was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) into mice with or without bradykinin or a bradykinin (B2 receptor) antagonist. Dissemination of V. vulnificus from peritoneal septic foci to the circulating blood was assessed by counting of viable bacteria in venous blood by use of the colony-forming assay. Intravascular dissemination of V. vulnificus in mice was significantly potentiated by simultaneous injection with bradykinin but was markedly reduced by coadministration with the B2 antagonist d-Arg,[Hyp3, Thi5,8, d-Phe7]-bradykinin. Furthermore, V. vulnificus lethality was significantly increased when bradykinin was administered simultaneously with the bacillus, whereas it was definitely suppressed by treatment withd-Arg,[Hyp3, Thi5,8,d-Phe7]-bradykinin. Similarly, ovomacroglobulin, a potent inhibitor of the V. vulnificusprotease, showed a strong suppressive effect on the V. vulnificus septicemia. We also confirmed appreciable bradykinin production in the primary septic foci in the mouse peritoneal cavity after i.p. inoculation with V. vulnificus. It is thus concluded that bradykinin generation in infectious foci is critically involved in facilitation of intravascular dissemination of V. vulnificus.

Human Blood Circulatory System Modeling based on Hybrid Systems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre A. Jorge ◽  
Diolino J. Santos Filho ◽  
Sonia A. Ribeiro ◽  
Paulo E. Miyagi ◽  
Fabricio Junqueira
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Blood Circulatory System

scholarly journals Intervention for early diabetic nephropathy by mesenchymal stem cells in a preclinical nonhuman primate model

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingxing An ◽  
Guangneng Liao ◽  
Younan Chen ◽  
Ai Luo ◽  
Jingping Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Rhesus Macaques ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Blood Circulatory System

Abstract Background Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most severe chronic diabetic complications and the main cause of end-stage renal disease. Chronic inflammation plays a key role in the development of DN. However, few treatment strategies are available; therefore, new and effective strategies to ameliorate DN at the early stage must be identified. Methods Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by anti-inflammatory and immune regulatory abilities. We developed a rhesus macaque model of DN and administered MSCs four times over 2 months. We measured blood glucose level, HbA1c, and levels of renal function parameters in the blood and urine, and cytokine levels in the kidney and blood circulatory system of rhesus macaques. Also, we analyzed the renal pathological changes of rhesus macaques. In vitro, we treated tubular epithelial cells (HK2) with 30 mmol/L glucose and 10 ng/mL human recombinant TNF-alpha (rhTNF-α) and explored the effects of MSCs on inflammation and Na+-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) expression in HK2. Results We found that MSCs decreased the blood glucose level and daily insulin requirement of DN rhesus macaques. Furthermore, MSCs had a dominant function in improving renal function and decreasing SGLT2 expression on renal tubular epithelial cells. Also, renal pathological changes were ameliorated after MSC treatment. Moreover, MSCs powerfully reduced inflammation, especially decreased the level of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-16 (IL-16), in the kidney and blood circulatory system. Conclusions Our study is an important step to explore the mechanism of MSCs in ameliorating the early stage of DN, potentially through influencing SGLT2 expression and resulting in improved glycemic control and anti-inflammation. We hope these findings would provide insights for the clinical application of MSCs in DN.

The Mechanism of Blood Circulation in Anodonta Anatina (L.) (Bivalvia, Unionidae)

1972 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. BRAND
Keyword(s):  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Venous Return ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Body Movements ◽  
Ventricular Systolic Pressure ◽  
Pericardial Cavity ◽  
Blood Circulatory System ◽  
Pressure Changes

1. The structure of the blood circulatory system of Anodonta anatina is described and the haemodynamics have been investigated by recording pressures in the ventricle, auricle, pericardial cavity and pedal haemocoele at rest and during burrowing. 2. Ventricular systolic pressure is usually 2-4 cm in the resting animal; during burrowing it increases to between 6 and 10 cm and this is sufficient to maintain the blood supply to the foot for most of the digging cycle. 3. Auricular and pericardial cavity pressures fall rapidly (by about 1·0 cm) during ventricular systole, confirming the operation of a volume-compensating mechanism for refilling the heart. 4. High peaks of pressure at spontaneous phasic adduction and during the adduction and retraction movements of the digging cycle are generated equally throughout all parts of the animal enclosed within the shell and do not create large gradients of pressure in the haemocoele; the longer duration of these pressure peaks in the pedal haemocoele produces small transient gradients of pressure which could result in the movement of blood out of the pedal haemocoele. 5. At spontaneous phasic adduction contraction of the pedal muscles may assist the flow of blood from the pedal haemocoele. There is some evidence that Keber's valve limits blood flow from the pedal haemocoele during active burrowing. 6. Although body movements may assist the movement of blood through parts of the peripheral circulation, they do not generate a high venous return pressure. The form of the circulatory system effectively isolates the heart from pressure changes in the pedal haemocoele.

Detection of Mycoplasma galliseptium infection in chickens from Tamil Nadu State of India

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Manimaran ◽  
Adarsh Mishra ◽  
S. Hemalatha ◽  
K. Karthik ◽  
P.I. Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Histopathological Changes ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Air Sacs ◽  
Tamil Nadu State ◽  
Pcr Targeting

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is one of the major respiratory tract pathogens affecting chickens. It causes Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) among chickens of various age groups. The present study describes the isolation, molecular detection and histopathological changes associated with CRD in chickens. A total of 790 samples viz., trachea, lungs and air sacs were collected from chickens showing the symptoms of CRD from different parts of Tamil Nadu state. All the samples were processed for isolation and molecular detection of MG. A total of 91 samples were found positive by isolation and 105 samples were found positive through MG specific PCR targeting 16S rRNA gene. The histopathological changes in tissue samples of trachea, sinuses, air sacs and lungs collected from naturally infected M. gallisepticum infection were suggestive of subacute to chronic nature of infection. Though isolation is considered to be a gold standard, still PCR is a rapid, sensitive and cheap method for early diagnosis of MG which can help poultry farmers to avoid severe economic loss.

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