scholarly journals Determinants of prenatal depression among women attending the antenatal clinic at a referral facility in Mombasa County, Kenya: a case control study

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Harriet K. Mirieri ◽  
Marshal M. Mweu ◽  
Joyce M. Olenja
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Prenatal Depression ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Control Study

Background: Despite prenatal depression being a public health burden and the major predictor of postnatal depression, it has not received as much attention as postnatal depression in research and policy globally. There is limited evidence on the factors associated with prenatal depression and therefore understanding these factors will inform the design of specific interventions and formulation of guidelines for the effective prevention and control of prenatal depression particularly in high-risk regions. Methods: A hospital-based case control study design was used to identify the determinants of prenatal depression among 170 women attending an antenatal clinic. Prenatal depression was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to collect data on the socio-demographic, social network and family, lifestyle and obstetric characteristics of the participants. All eligible cases were enrolled into the study while a simple random sample of depression-free women attending the antenatal clinic were enrolled as controls. The relationship between the predictors and prenatal depression was evaluated by logistic regression. Results: In the multivariable analysis, only marital status (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=17.1; 95% confidence interval (CI):4.0-73.0), occupation (aOR=2.4; 95% CI:1.4-4.2), domestic violence (aOR=18.3; 95% CI: 5.7-58.7) and  social support (aOR=0.2; 95% CI:0.05-0.8) were identified as significant determinants of prenatal depression. Conclusion: Marital status, occupation, domestic violence and lack of social support were the major predictors of prenatal depression in this setting. There is therefore need to implement screening for prenatal depression among pregnant women in health facilities as part of the routine antenatal care package, establish social support networks and spaces to provide an avenue for the prenatally depressed women to meet, share challenges and coping mechanisms and revise the government policy on sexual and gender based violence (SGBV) so as to strengthen efforts towards elimination of all forms of SGBV.

scholarly journals Determinants of prenatal depression among women attending the antenatal clinic at a referral facility in Mombasa County, Kenya: a case control study

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Harriet K. Mirieri ◽  
Marshal M. Mweu ◽  
Joyce M. Olenja
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Prenatal Depression ◽  
Control Study

Background: Despite prenatal depression being a public health burden and the major predictor of postnatal depression, it has not received as much attention as postnatal depression in research and policy globally. There is limited evidence on the factors associated with prenatal depression and therefore understanding these factors will inform the design of specific interventions and formulation of guidelines for the effective prevention and control of prenatal depression particularly in high-risk regions. Methods: A hospital-based case control study design was used to identify the determinants of prenatal depression among 170 women attending an antenatal clinic. Prenatal depression was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to collect data on the socio-demographic, social network and family, lifestyle and obstetric characteristics of the participants. All eligible cases were enrolled into the study while a simple random sample of depression-free women attending the antenatal clinic were enrolled as controls. The relationship between the predictors and prenatal depression was evaluated by logistic regression. Results: In the multivariable analysis, only marital status (adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=17.1; 95% confidence interval (CI):4.0-73.0), occupation (aOR=2.4; 95% CI:1.4-4.2), domestic violence (aOR=18.3; 95% CI: 5.7-58.7) and  social support (aOR=0.2; 95% CI:0.05-0.8) were identified as significant determinants of prenatal depression. Conclusion: Marital status, occupation, domestic violence and lack of social support were  identified as the risk factors for prenatal depression in this setting. To address the burden of prenatal depression in the country, these findings call for inclusion of screening for prenatal depression as an essential component of the routine antenatal care package. We recommend that future studies focus on evaluating specific interventions to address the identified risk factors.

The effect of marital status on pregnancy outcome in Israel: A retrospective case-control study

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1161-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Lurie ◽  
Anath Zalmanovitch ◽  
Abraham Golan ◽  
Oscar Sadan
Keyword(s):  
Marital Status ◽  
Pregnancy Outcome ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Control Study

Examine the Frequency of Postnatal Depression in Mothers having Malnourished Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3170-3171
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ilyas ◽  
Jawed Akbar Dars ◽  
Chooni Lal ◽  
Fazal Ullah
Keyword(s):  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Malnourished Children ◽  
Healthy Mother ◽  
Post Natal Depression ◽  
Inducing Factors ◽  
Healthy Growth ◽  
Control Study

Background: Healthy child development is dependent on a mentally and physically healthy mother. Depressions in mother can adversely affect their offspring healthy growth. Aim: To estimate the frequency of post-natal depression in mothers having malnourished infants. Place and duration of study: Department of Psychiatry, Balochistan Institute of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Qeutta from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2020. Methodology: In this case control study 250 mothers (125 were malnourished infants or toddlers mothers and other 125 from healthy weight infants/toddlers mothers) were interviewed to assess their depressional state. Their stress inducing factors, age and other clinical comorbidities were also documented. Results: Mean mother age of malnourished infants/toddlers was 28.1±6.6 years in comparison to 27.8±5.2 years of healthy weight infants/toddlers mother’s respectively. Twenty four percent malnourished infant/toddlers’ mothers were single parent. Un-employed spouse of mothers to malnourished infant/toddlers were found at higher frequency (51.06%) than of healthy infant/toddlers (23.4%).The frequency of post-natal depression among mothers of malnourished infants/toddlers was observed in 57.6% cases Conclusion: Out of total 57.5% mothers of malnourished children suffering from post-natal depression there are 15.2% to 9.6% those having moderate to highly moderate post-natal depression. Keywords: Post-natal depression, Malnourish, Infants, Toddlers

scholarly journals Exposure to domestic violence and abuse and consultations for emergency contraception: nested case-control study in a UK primary care dataset

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (680) ◽  
pp. e199-e207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joni Jackson ◽  
Natalia V Lewis ◽  
Gene S Feder ◽  
Penny Whiting ◽  
Timothy Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Domestic Violence ◽  
General Practice ◽  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Exposure To Domestic Violence ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Domestic Violence And Abuse ◽  
Control Study

BackgroundEvidence of an association between exposure to domestic violence and abuse (DVA) and use of emergency contraception (EC) is lacking in the UK.AimTo quantify the association between exposure to DVA and consultations for EC in general practice.Design and settingNested case-control study in UK general practice.MethodUsing the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, the authors identified all women all women aged 15–49 years registered with a GP between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2016. Cases with consultations for EC (n = 43 570) were each matched on age and GP against four controls with no consultations for EC (n = 174 280). The authors calculated odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between exposure to DVA in the previous year and consultations for EC. Covariates included age, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, pregnancy, children, alcohol misuse, and depression.ResultsWomen exposed to DVA were 2.06 times more likely to have a consultation for EC than unexposed women (95% CI = 1.64 to 2.61). Women aged 25–39 years with exposure to DVA were 2.8 times more likely to have a consultation for EC, compared with unexposed women (95% CI = 2.08 to 3.75). The authors found some evidence of an independent effect of exposure to DVA on the number of consultations for EC (OR 1.48, 95% CI = 0.99 to 2.21).ConclusionA request for EC in general practice can indicate possible exposure to DVA. Primary care consultation for EC is a relevant context for identifying and responding to DVA as recommended by the World Health Organization and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines. DVA training for providers of EC should include this new evidence.

Poor social support is associated with preterm birth rather than maternal prenatal anxiety and depression: a retrospective case-control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loredana CENA ◽  
Fiorino MIRABELLA ◽  
Gabriella PALUMBO ◽  
Antonella GIGANTESCO ◽  
Laura CAMONI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Prenatal Anxiety ◽  
Poor Social Support ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Social support and infant malnutrition: a case–control study in an urban area of Southeastern Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Antonieta de B. L. Carvalhaes ◽  
Maria Helena D'Aquino Benício ◽  
Aluísio J. D. Barros
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Low Income Children ◽  
Economic Support ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Control Study

The relationship between malnutrition and social support was first suggested in the mid-1990s. Despite its plausibility, no empirical studies aimed at obtaining evidence of this association could be located. The goal of the present study was to investigate such evidence. A case–control study was carried out including 101 malnourished children (weight-for-age National Center for Health Statistics/WHO 5th percentile) aged 12–23 months, who were compared with 200 well-nourished children with regard to exposure to a series of factors related to their social support system. Univariate and multiple logistic regressions were carried out, odds ratios being adjusted for per capita family income, mother's schooling, and number of children. The presence of an interaction between income and social support variables was also tested. Absence of a partner living with the mother increased risk of malnutrition (odds ratio 2·4 (95 % CI 1·19, 4·89)), even after adjustment for per capita family income, mother's schooling, and number of children. The lack of economic support during adverse situations accounted for a very high risk of malnutrition (odds ratio 10·1 (95 % CI 3·48, 29·13)) among low-income children, but had no effect on children of higher-income families. Results indicate that receiving economic support is an efficient risk modulator for malnutrition among low-income children. In addition, it was shown that the absence of a partner living with the mother is an important risk factor for malnutrition, with an effect independent from per capita family income, mother's schooling, and number of children.

scholarly journals Correlation of Serum Zinc Levels with Postpartum Depression- A Case- control Study in North Karnataka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Kavitha ◽  
Shravya Dharambhat ◽  
Narayan Mutalik ◽  
SH Chandrashekaraya ◽  
SV Kashinakunti
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels

Introduction: Pregnancy is an important event in reproductive mother. At the same time it is associated with stress, which exaggerates the depression. Many factors leads to depression, among them nutrient deficiency like zinc, selenium, iron, calcium, folic acid and vitamin B12 plays a major role. Aim: To estimate and compare serum zinc levels in females with postpartum depression subjects and healthy controls. To find the relationship between serum zinc levels and extent of postpartum depression. Materials and Methods: The present study was a hospital- based case-control study, conducted over a period of three months. It included 40 postpartum depression cases and 40 healthy controls. All the participants were subjected to serum zinc levels estimation. Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score was applied. The individuals who scored greater than 10 were taken as cases and those scoring less than 10 were taken as controls. Data was tabulated and results expressed as mean±SD, student’s t-test and Pearson correlation test was applied for correlation. Results: The present study found decreased serum zinc levels in postpartum depression cases compared to controls. It was found serum zinc levels in cases were 21.63±15.73 μg/dL and 54.16±19.72 μg/dL in controls. There was a negative correlation between the severity of postnatal depression and the serum zinc levels. Not only this, but certain risk factors were also identified, such as age of the mother, months of postpartum, mode of delivery, and the education of the mother. Conclusion: Decreased serum zinc levels do indeed correlate to a change in maternal mental health, and then the knowledge would not only help in diagnosis by tests, but also further patient care.

scholarly journals Association between Gastric Cancer with Behavioral and Dietary Factors: A Hospital Based Case-Control Study in South Asia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Shahi ◽  
Venkata Pradeep Babu Koyyala ◽  
Ela Singh Rathaur ◽  
Md. Assaduzaman Biddut ◽  
Anwor Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Regular Consumption ◽  
History Of ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies and a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. It is the fourth leading cancer in Bangladesh. Identification of risk factors, effective prevention, and early diagnosis are the most important interventions against GC. Objectives To find an association of dietary and behavioral factors in the development of GC among the Bangladeshi population. Methods This case–control study was conducted from January 2017 to December 2018 at the National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 178 patients were studied (89 case and 89 controls). Data were collected via face-to-face interview using a standard structured questionnaire, posing questions about socio-demographic, behavioral and dietary habits, and clinical factors. A binary logistic regression method was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR). Results Among 178 patients, the age group ranged from 30 to 80 years and most patients were between 51 to 60 years. The results showed that regular consumption of red meat, duration of smoking, smokeless tobacco, fast food and fatty food, and family history of any type of cancer were directly associated with the risk of GC. On the contrary, a habit of regular walking and playing sports has an inverse association with GC. Adjusted OR shows regular consumption of red meat has 2.6 times more risk (OR = 2.661) of developing GC compared with irregular meat consumption, and a person with a history of Helicobacter pylori infection is 53% (OR = 7.263; 95% confidence interval: 3.614–14.597) more likely to develop cancer. In contrast, people who were doing exercise regularly for at least 30 minutes/day are 62.7% (OR = 0.373) less likely to develop GC than those who did not. Conclusion The study showed an association of some dietary and behavioral factor in the development of GC. However, more research in this field is required to understand the etiology, for the development of suitable screening test, for demarcation of high-risk population, and to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of primary prevention programs.

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