scholarly journals Rates and predictors of data and code sharing in the medical and health sciences: Protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Daniel G. Hamilton ◽  
Hannah Fraser ◽  
Fiona Fidler ◽  
Steve McDonald ◽  
Anisa Rowhani-Farid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Code Sharing ◽  
Public Sharing

Numerous studies have demonstrated low but increasing rates of data and code sharing within medical and health research disciplines. However it remains unclear how commonly data and code are shared across all fields of medical and health research, as well as whether sharing rates are positively associated with implementation of progressive policies by publishers and funders, or growing expectations from the medical and health research community at large. Therefore this systematic review aims to synthesise the findings of medical and health science studies that have empirically investigated the prevalence of data or code sharing, or both. Objectives include the investigation of: (i) the prevalence of public sharing of research data and code alongside published articles (including preprints), (ii) the prevalence of private sharing of research data and code in response to reasonable requests, and (iii) factors associated with the sharing of either research output (e.g., the year published, the publisher’s policy on sharing, the presence of a data or code availability statement). It is hoped that the results will provide some insight into how often research data and code are shared publicly and privately, how this has changed over time, and how effective some measures such as the institution of data sharing policies and data availability statements have been in motivating researchers to share their underlying data and code.

scholarly journals Rates and predictors of data and code sharing in the medical and health sciences: Protocol for a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Daniel G. Hamilton ◽  
Hannah Fraser ◽  
Fiona Fidler ◽  
Steve McDonald ◽  
Anisa Rowhani-Farid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Research Output ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Code Sharing ◽  
Public Sharing

Numerous studies have demonstrated low but increasing rates of data and code sharing within medical and health research disciplines. However, it remains unclear how commonly data and code are shared across all fields of medical and health research, as well as whether sharing rates are positively associated with implementation of progressive policies by publishers and funders, or growing expectations from the medical and health research community at large. Therefore this systematic review aims to synthesise the findings of medical and health science studies that have empirically investigated the prevalence of data or code sharing, or both. Objectives include the investigation of: (i) the prevalence of public sharing of research data and code alongside published articles (including preprints), (ii) the prevalence of private sharing of research data and code in response to reasonable requests, and (iii) factors associated with the sharing of either research output (e.g., the year published, the publisher’s policy on sharing, the presence of a data or code availability statement). It is hoped that the results will provide some insight into how often research data and code are shared publicly and privately, how this has changed over time, and how effective some measures such as the institution of data sharing policies and data availability statements have been in motivating researchers to share their underlying data and code.

scholarly journals Influence of Coronal Preflaring on the Accuracy of Electronic Working Length Determination: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2760
Author(s):  
María León-López ◽  
Daniel Cabanillas-Balsera ◽  
Victoria Areal-Quecuty ◽  
Jenifer Martín-González ◽  
María C. Jiménez-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Working Length ◽  
Meta Analyses

Aim. To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis according to the following PICO question: in extracted human permanent teeth, does preflaring, compared with unflared canals, influence the accuracy of WL determination with EAL? Material and Methods. A systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA checklist, using the following databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies related to WL determination using EAL both in preflared and unflared root canals of extracted human teeth were included. The outcome of interest was the accuracy of the electronic WL determination. A quality assessment of the included studies was performed, determining the risk of bias. The meta-analyses were calculated with the 5.4 RevMan software using the inverse variance method with random effects. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021243412. Results. Ten experimental studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and most of them found that preflaring increases the accuracy of the EALs in WL determination. The calculated OR was 1.98 (95% CI = 1.65–2.37; p < 0.00001; I2 = 10%), indicating that the determination of WL by EALs is almost twice as accurate in preflared canals. The accuracy of Root ZX in WL determination increases more than three times (OR = 3.25; p < 0.00001). Preflaring with Protaper files significantly increases the accuracy of EALs (OR = 1.76; p < 0.00001). The total risk of bias of the included studies was low. No obvious publication bias was observed. Conclusions. The results indicate a significant increase in the accuracy of WL determination with EAL after preflaring, doubling the percentage of exact measurements. Preflaring should be recommended as an important step during mechanical enlargement of the root canal, not only because it improves the access of the files to the canal, but also because it allows one to obtain more accurate electronic determinations of WL.

Vacuum Therapy and Internal Drainage as the First-Line Endoscopic Treatment for Post-Bariatric Leaks: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Issaree Laopeamthong ◽  
Thanita Akethanin ◽  
Wisit Kasetsermwiriya ◽  
Suphakarn Techapongsatorn ◽  
Amarit Tansawet
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Clinical Success ◽  
Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Vacuum Therapy ◽  
Internal Drainage ◽  
First Line

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Several endoscopic methods can be employed to manage post-bariatric leaks. However, endoluminal vacuum therapy (EVT) and endoscopic internal drainage (EID) are relatively new methods, and studies regarding these methods are scarce. We performed a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of EVT and EID. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Databases were searched for eligible studies. The clinical success of leak closure was the primary outcome of interest. A proportional meta-analysis was performed for pooling the primary outcome using a fixed-effects model. A meta-analysis or descriptive analysis of other outcomes was performed based on the data availability. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Data from 3 EVT and 10 EID studies (<i>n</i> = 279) were used for evidence synthesis. The leak closure rates (95% confidence interval [CI]) of EVT and EID were 85.2% (75.1%–95.4%) and 91.6% (88.1%–95.2%), respectively. The corresponding mean treatment durations (95% CI) were 28 (2.4–53.6) and 78.4 (50.1–106.7) days, respectively. However, data about other outcomes were extremely limited; thus, a pooled analysis could not be performed. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Both EVT and EID were effective when used as the first-line treatment for post-bariatric leaks. However, larger studies must be conducted to compare the efficacy of the 2 interventions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of hypochondriac symptoms among health science students in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. e0222663
Author(s):  
Jingjing Meng ◽  
Chang Gao ◽  
Chulei Tang ◽  
Honghong Wang ◽  
Zirong Tao
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Health Science Students

Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 019459982094770
Author(s):  
Fabio Medas ◽  
Gian Luigi Canu ◽  
Federico Cappellacci ◽  
Giorgio Romano ◽  
Giuseppe Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Parathyroid Surgery ◽  
Duration Of Surgery

Objective Although thyroid and parathyroid surgery is considered a clean procedure with a low incidence of surgical site infections (SSIs), a great number of endocrine surgeons use antibiotic prophylaxis (AP). The aim of this study was to assess whether AP is significantly effective in reducing the incidence of SSIs in this kind of surgery. Data Sources A systematic literature search was performed with PubMed, Scopus, and ISI–Web of Science. Studies addressing the efficacy of AP in reducing the incidence of SSIs in thyroid and parathyroid surgery were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Review Methods The random effects model was assumed to account for different sources of variation among studies. The overall effect size was computed through the inverse variance method. Heterogeneity across studies, possible outlier studies, and publication bias were evaluated. Results A total of 6 studies with 4428 patients were included in the quantitative analysis. The incidence of SSI was 0.6% in the case group and 0.4% in the control group (odds ratio, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.3-3.81; P = .915). There was no evidence of heterogeneity among the studies ( Q = 8.36, P = .138; I2 = 40.17). The analysis of several continuous moderators, including age, use of drain, and duration of surgery, did not generate any significant result. Conclusion AP is not effective in reducing the incidence of SSI in thyroid and parathyroid surgery and should be avoided, notwithstanding the negative impact on social costs and the risk of development of antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Systemic immunomodulatory treatments for atopic dermatitis: protocol for a systematic review with network meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e023061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Mark Drucker ◽  
Alexandra Ellis ◽  
Zarif Jabbar-Lopez ◽  
Zenas Z N Yiu ◽  
Bernd W M Arents ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Journal ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Systemic Treatments ◽  
Patient Reported

IntroductionThere are numerous new systemic treatments for atopic dermatitis in various stages of development and most are being compared with placebo rather than active comparators. In order to understand the relative efficacy and safety of existing and new treatments for atopic dermatitis, robust mixed comparisons (ie, direct and indirect) would be beneficial. To address this gap, this protocol describes methods for a systematic review and network meta-analysis of systemic treatments for atopic dermatitis.Methods and analysisWe will update the search of a previous systematic review, including searches of the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Information database and the Global Resource of EczemA Trials database in addition to clinical trial protocol registries. Title, abstract and full paper screening as well as data extraction will be conducted in duplicate by independent researchers. Primary outcomes include efficacy with regards to clinician-reported signs and patient-reported symptoms and safety with regards to withdrawal from treatment due to adverse events and the occurrence of serious adverse events. Secondary outcomes will include change in quality of life and itch severity. Where possible and appropriate, network meta-analysis will be performed for each outcome using a random-effects model within a Bayesian framework. If appropriate, the review will be transitioned to a living review with continuous updating of the analysis.Ethics and disseminationDissemination in a peer-reviewed scientific journal is planned.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018088112; Pre-results.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Human Papillomavirus in Male Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2210 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Rodríguez-Álvarez ◽  
Jose Gómez-Urquiza ◽  
Husein Husein-El Ahmed ◽  
Luis Albendín-García ◽  
Juan Gómez-Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexual Debut ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Hpv In Men

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections. Although the research focus has been on women, men are also affected. Thus, the aim was to estimate the prevalence of HPV in men and to analyse its risk factors. A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed. The main health science databases were consulted. The search terms were was: “papilloma virus AND (prevalence OR risk factors) AND men”. The final sample of studies was n = 16 and the men sample for the meta-analysis was n = 18,106. The meta-analysis revealed a prevalence of 49% (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 35–64%) of any type of human papillomavirus in men and 35% (95% CI: 26–45%) of high-risk human papillomavirus in men. The included studies showed that stable sexual habits, circumcision and condom use are protective factors against HPV. In addition, there is a certain positive association with tobacco use and the early initiation of sexual intercourse. In conclusion, the prevalence of HPV in men is high. The risk factors for HPV infection are sexual promiscuity, early sexual debut, absence of circumcision, lack of condom use and smoking. Further study in this field about the effectiveness of the vaccine and health education should be conducted.

Research culture in allied health: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna Borkowski ◽  
Carol McKinstry ◽  
Matthew Cotchett ◽  
Cylie Williams ◽  
Terry Haines
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Allied Health ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Culture ◽  
Positive Research ◽  
Research Skills ◽  
Allied Health Professionals ◽  
The Impact

Research evidence is required to guide optimal allied health practice and inform policymakers in primary health care. Factors that influence a positive research culture are not fully understood, and nor is the impact of a positive research culture on allied health professionals. The aim of this systematic review was to identify factors that affect allied health research culture and capacity. An extensive search of 11 databases was conducted in June 2015. Studies were included if they were published in English, had full-text availability and reported research findings relating to allied health professions. Study quality was evaluated using the McMaster Critical Review Forms. Fifteen studies were eligible for inclusion. A meta-analysis was not performed because of heterogeneity between studies. Allied health professionals perceive that their individual research skills are lower in comparison to their teams and organisation. Motivators for conducting research for allied health professionals include developing skills, increasing job satisfaction and career advancement. Barriers include a lack of time, limited research skills and other work roles taking priority. Multilayered strategies, such as collaborations with external partners and developing research leadership positions, aimed at addressing barriers and enablers, are important to enhance allied health research culture and capacity.

scholarly journals The relation between health research output and burden of disease in Palestine: a systematic review

The Lancet ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 391 ◽  
pp. S23
Author(s):  
Loai Albarqouni ◽  
Khamis Elessi ◽  
Niveen Abu-Rmeileh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Research Output
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