scholarly journals The Role of Antioxidant Metabolism in Phytoremediation of Shrimp Farm Effluent by Acrostichum aureum Linn

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipu Sukumaran ◽  
Justy Joseph ◽  
Madhavan K. ◽  
Harikumar P.S
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Metabolism ◽  
Shrimp Farm

CHANGES IN ANTIOXIDANT ISOZYMES AS A BIOMARKER FOR CHARACTERIZING HIGH TEMPERATURE STRESS TOLERANCE IN RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) SPIKELETS

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
SMRUTI DAS ◽  
P. KRISHNAN ◽  
MONALISA NAYAK ◽  
B. RAMAKRISHNAN
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolism ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Exposure

SUMMARYHigh temperature stress at flowering can adversely affect rice yield, largely due to failure of fertilization. Oxidative damage can be a major reason inducing spikelet sterility in rice. In the present study, the effect of high temperatures on antioxidant metabolism in rice spikelets was characterised using nine different genotypes. Exposure to different temperatures at flowering stage revealed significant differences among various antioxidant enzymes in spikelets, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Spikelets of susceptible genotypes withstood temperature stress of up to 35 °C, those of moderately tolerant between 35 °C and 38 °C and those of tolerant genotypes up to 40 °C. Presence or absence, and changes in the isozyme intensities were consistent with alterations in their activities. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) isozymes II and III were present after exposure at 30 °C and 35 °C, while SOD I appeared above 40°C. Intensities of catalase isozymes I and III and the only isozyme of ascorbate peroxidase altered, while the only isozyme of guaical peroxidase and two (III and IV) of the four isozymes of catechol peroxidase disappeared after high temperature exposure of 45 °C. Thus, this work provides an evidence of the role of antioxidant metabolism in spikelets under high temperature stress conditions. Hence, changes in antioxidant isozymes in rice spikelets can be used as a biomarker for characterizing high temperature stress tolerance in rice spikelets.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated water: the role of antioxidant metabolism of Azolla caroliniana Willd. (Salviniales)

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Alves Leão ◽  
Juraci Alves de Oliveira ◽  
Rafaella Teles Arantes Felipe ◽  
Fernanda Santos Farnese
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolism ◽  
Azolla Caroliniana

scholarly journals Arabidopsis APx-R Is a Plastidial Ascorbate-Independent Peroxidase Regulated by Photomorphogenesis

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Fernanda Lazzarotto ◽  
Khadija Wahni ◽  
Maiara Piovesana ◽  
Felipe Maraschin ◽  
Joris Messens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Direct Role ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolism ◽  
Heme Peroxidase ◽  
Constitutive Overexpression

Peroxidases are enzymes that catalyze the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, thus minimizing cell injury and modulating signaling pathways as response to this reactive oxygen species. Using a phylogenetic approach, we previously identified a new peroxidase family composed of a small subset of ascorbate peroxidase (APx) homologs with distinguished features, which we named ascorbate peroxidase-related (APx-R). In this study, we showed that APx-R is an ascorbate-independent heme peroxidase. Despite being annotated as a cytosolic protein in public databases, transient expression of AtAPx-R-YFP in Arabidopsis thaliana protoplasts and stable overexpression in plants showed that the protein is targeted to plastids. To characterize APx-R participation in the antioxidant metabolism, we analyzed loss-of-function mutants and AtAPx-R overexpressing lines. Molecular analysis showed that glutathione peroxidase 7 (GPx07) is specifically induced to compensate the absence of APx-R. APx-R overexpressing lines display faster germination rates, further confirming the involvement of APx-R in seed germination. The constitutive overexpression of AtAPx-R-YFP unraveled the existence of a post-translational mechanism that eliminates APx-R from most tissues, in a process coordinated with photomorphogenesis. Our results show a direct role of APx-R during germinative and post-germinative development associated with etioplasts differentiation.

scholarly journals Effects of Zn stress on antioxidant enzyme activity in Lemna polyrrhiza L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Punita Parikh ◽  
Krupa Unadkat
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolism ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Stress Environment ◽  
Toxic Concentrations ◽  
Peroxidase Enzymes

The effect of deleterious concentration of zinc provided individually was investigated in order to assess the effect of metal interaction in Lemna polyrrhiza L. The present study also emphasizes on the response of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase enzymes under zinc stress. Both antioxidant enzymes exhibited an increasing trend under different treatment conditions but it was reverse at highly toxic metal concentration. The antioxidant activities of enzymes, i.e of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase and their activity proportions were examined. Catalase activities were substantially increased in a stress environment as compared to guaiacol peroxidase. Further, catalase and showed increased activities in a combined stress environment. Physiological role of these enzymes in stress tolerance mechanism is discussed. The response of Lemna polyrrhiza L to toxic concentrations of Zn appears to induce oxidative damage as observed by the increase antioxidant metabolism.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

The role of affect in feelings of obligation

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽  
Meltem Yucel ◽  
Amrisha Vaish
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Sense Of Obligation

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.

Refining our understanding of the “elephant in the room”

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Whiten
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Technological Culture

Abstract The authors do the field of cultural evolution a service by exploring the role of non-social cognition in human cumulative technological culture, truly neglected in comparison with socio-cognitive abilities frequently assumed to be the primary drivers. Some specifics of their delineation of the critical factors are problematic, however. I highlight recent chimpanzee–human comparative findings that should help refine such analyses.

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