Phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated water: the role of antioxidant metabolism of Azolla caroliniana Willd. (Salviniales)

SUMMARYHigh temperature stress at flowering can adversely affect rice yield, largely due to failure of fertilization. Oxidative damage can be a major reason inducing spikelet sterility in rice. In the present study, the effect of high temperatures on antioxidant metabolism in rice spikelets was characterised using nine different genotypes. Exposure to different temperatures at flowering stage revealed significant differences among various antioxidant enzymes in spikelets, both quantitatively and qualitatively. Spikelets of susceptible genotypes withstood temperature stress of up to 35 °C, those of moderately tolerant between 35 °C and 38 °C and those of tolerant genotypes up to 40 °C. Presence or absence, and changes in the isozyme intensities were consistent with alterations in their activities. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) isozymes II and III were present after exposure at 30 °C and 35 °C, while SOD I appeared above 40°C. Intensities of catalase isozymes I and III and the only isozyme of ascorbate peroxidase altered, while the only isozyme of guaical peroxidase and two (III and IV) of the four isozymes of catechol peroxidase disappeared after high temperature exposure of 45 °C. Thus, this work provides an evidence of the role of antioxidant metabolism in spikelets under high temperature stress conditions. Hence, changes in antioxidant isozymes in rice spikelets can be used as a biomarker for characterizing high temperature stress tolerance in rice spikelets.

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The role of health surveillance in the management of water quality in rural properties in seven municipalities of the Region of Paraná

Periódico Eletrônico Fórum Ambiental da Alta Paulista ◽

10.17271/1980082717620213075 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Tiago Vinicius Silva Athaydes ◽

Jefferson de Queiroz Crispim ◽

Mauro Parolin

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Regional Office ◽

Main Partner ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Sanitation in rural areas in Brazil is still very precarious, with deficits greater than in urban areas. In this sense, the central objective of this research is to evaluate the role of the Municipal Surveillance in the management of water quality in rural properties in the Midwestern region of Paraná, covering the beginning of the monitoring of water quality, the relationship of the Consolidation Ordinance No. 5 of 2017 of the Ministry of Health regarding the choices of parameters on potability indices in relation to the parameters analyzed in the Surveillance, the presence of outbreaks due to diseases arising from the consumption of contaminated water, the demand by residents and the partners who contribute to the realization of these activities. The data were obtained through the application of a semi-structured questionnaire, through the 11th Health Regional Office of Campo Mourão. It was presented that the municipalities have acted in the monitoring of water quality in an uneven way at the beginning of the activities, following the parameters of the Ordinance. The municipalities had demands and demands from residents and counted on the 11th Health Regional Office as the main partner in the monitoring support. Only Iretama presented an outbreak due to the consumption of contaminated water.

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Seroprevalence of Dromedary Camel HEV in Domestic and Imported Camels from Saudi Arabia

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v12050553 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 553

Author(s):

Sherif Aly El-Kafrawy ◽

Ahmed Mohamed Hassan ◽

Mai Mohamed El-Daly ◽

Ishtiaq Qadri ◽

Ahmed Majdi Tolah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Hepatitis E Virus ◽

Hepatitis E ◽

Health Concern ◽

P Value ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Dromedary Camel ◽

Serum Samples ◽

Major Health

Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) imposes a major health concern in areas with very poor sanitation in Africa and Asia. The pathogen is transmitted mainly through ingesting contaminated water or food, coming into contact with affected people, and blood transfusions. Very few reports including old reports are available on the prevalence of HEV in Saudi Arabia in humans and no reports exist on HEV prevalence in camels. Dromedary camel trade and farming are increasing in Saudi Arabia with importation occurring unidirectionally from Africa to Saudi Arabia. DcHEV transmission to humans has been reported in one case from the United Arab Emeritus (UAE). This instigated us to perform this investigation of the seroprevalence of HEV in imported and domestic camels in Saudi Arabia. Serum samples were collected from imported and domestic camels. DcHEV-Abs were detected in collected sera using ELISA. The prevalence of DcHEV in the collected samples was 23.1% with slightly lower prevalence in imported camels than domestic camels (22.4% vs. 25.4%, p value = 0.3). Gender was significantly associated with the prevalence of HEV in the collected camels (p value = 0.015) where males (31.6%) were more infected than females (13.4%). This study is the first study to investigate the prevalence of HEV in dromedary camels from Saudi Arabia. The high seroprevalence of DcHEV in dromedaries might indicate their role as a zoonotic reservoir for viral infection to humans. Future HEV seroprevalence studies in humans are needed to investigate the role of DcHEV in the Saudi human population.

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Arabidopsis APx-R Is a Plastidial Ascorbate-Independent Peroxidase Regulated by Photomorphogenesis

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox10010065 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 65

Author(s):

Fernanda Lazzarotto ◽

Khadija Wahni ◽

Maiara Piovesana ◽

Felipe Maraschin ◽

Joris Messens ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽

Cell Injury ◽

Small Subset ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Loss Of Function ◽

Direct Role ◽

Antioxidant Metabolism ◽

Heme Peroxidase ◽

Constitutive Overexpression

Peroxidases are enzymes that catalyze the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, thus minimizing cell injury and modulating signaling pathways as response to this reactive oxygen species. Using a phylogenetic approach, we previously identified a new peroxidase family composed of a small subset of ascorbate peroxidase (APx) homologs with distinguished features, which we named ascorbate peroxidase-related (APx-R). In this study, we showed that APx-R is an ascorbate-independent heme peroxidase. Despite being annotated as a cytosolic protein in public databases, transient expression of AtAPx-R-YFP in Arabidopsis thaliana protoplasts and stable overexpression in plants showed that the protein is targeted to plastids. To characterize APx-R participation in the antioxidant metabolism, we analyzed loss-of-function mutants and AtAPx-R overexpressing lines. Molecular analysis showed that glutathione peroxidase 7 (GPx07) is specifically induced to compensate the absence of APx-R. APx-R overexpressing lines display faster germination rates, further confirming the involvement of APx-R in seed germination. The constitutive overexpression of AtAPx-R-YFP unraveled the existence of a post-translational mechanism that eliminates APx-R from most tissues, in a process coordinated with photomorphogenesis. Our results show a direct role of APx-R during germinative and post-germinative development associated with etioplasts differentiation.

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Possibilities and limitations of using Lemna minor, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae and Ceratophyllum demersum in removing metals with contaminated water

Journal of Water and Land Development ◽

10.2478/jwld-2019-0018 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 161-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Małgorzata Gałczyńska ◽

Natalia Mańkowska ◽

Justyna Milke ◽

Marta Buśko

Keyword(s):

Metal Removal ◽

Lemna Minor ◽

Water Status ◽

Single Species ◽

Maximum Efficiency ◽

Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Biological Features

Abstract The paper presents the assessment of possibilities and limitations of the use of Lemna minor, Hydrocharis morsus-ranae and Ceratophyllum demersum in removing metals from contaminated waters. Synthetically discussed the role of these species in phytotechnology and their importance in the assessment of surface water status. The variability of concentration of selected metals in waters and the content of metals in the organs of the analysed plants are presented. Their advantages and disadvantages in removing metals from waters due to biological features have been characterized. Minimum and maximum efficiency of metal removal depending on the scale of water pollution was determined. It was found that analysed plants can be used for phytoremediation of metals from water, but the limitation of effectiveness of treatments is the toxicity of these metals to plants and the time of exposure. The highest removal efficiency can be obtained thanks to the use of sequences of single-species filtration systems.

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The Relevance of Isotherm and Kinetic Models to Chlorophenols Adsorption: A Review

Avicenna Journal of Environmental Health Engineering ◽

10.34172/ajehe.2019.08 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 55-65

Author(s):

Zaharaddeen N Garba

Keyword(s):

Isotherm Models ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Fast Kinetics ◽

Adsorption Isotherm Models ◽

Global Concern ◽

Isotherm And Kinetic Models ◽

Derivatives Of ◽

Universal Nature

The derivatives of phenols are among the most widely used chemicals in day-to-day life, which lead to water contamination by chlorophenols (CPs). These compounds belong to a class of those widely used chemicals that increase global concern about environmental protection due to their recalcitrant nature. Adsorption process has been employed for the removal of CPs from contaminated water out of many methods of wastewater treatment. This is due to its insensitivity to toxic substances, effectiveness, universal nature, fast kinetics, as well as the ease of operation and its simplicity in the design and applicability. Thus, this study compared the adsorption isotherm models such as linear and nonlinear and well discussed the fundamental characteristics, modelling, and mathematical derivations. Finally, the study highlighted and addressed the role of different isotherm models that were used in describing the adsorptive removal of CPs using various adsorbents.

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Role of water under the covid-19 pandemic: beneficial or/and detrimental?

Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae ◽

10.2478/ahr-2021-0027 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 77-79

Author(s):

Jasna Grabić ◽

Ksenija Mačkić

Keyword(s):

Death Rate ◽

Water Cycle ◽

Raw Material ◽

Pollution Reduction ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Potential Threat ◽

Black Water ◽

The World ◽

Virus Spreading

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic represented a global phenomenon during 2020. It has spread over most of the countries in the world, leading to the infection of millions of people with a death rate of 2-3% simultaneously causing a serious economic crisis. It resulted in significant pollution reduction, but effects to combat COVID-19 led to an increase of some special pollutants. In such circumstances water can be considered as a cleaning and diluting agent for pollutants, providing hygienic conditions, as well as valuable raw material for the production of a variety of goods necessary for combating COVID-19. On the contrary, water can be viewed as a potential threat in relation to the virus spreading. Within the context of the human water cycle, we have identified possible hotspots related to risks of infection spreading. It may occur when contaminated water is reused (grey and black water), or insufficiently purified water enters the environment, which might interfere with drinking water.

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A Conceptual Study on Role of Trikantakadi Kwath in Mutrakrichhra

RA Journal Of Applied Research ◽

10.47191/rajar/v7i4.01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 07 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Dr. Shivani Sundriyal ◽

Keyword(s):

Renal Damage ◽

Contaminated Water ◽

Urinary Disorders ◽

The People ◽

Before And After ◽

Diet Pattern ◽

Conceptual Study ◽

Urinary Disorder

Nowadays its commonly seen that majority of the people are affected from urinary disorder that may be due to their lifestyle, diet pattern, low water intake, using western toilet habit, contaminated water, anatomical anomalies and metabolic derangements. In Ayurveda urinary disorders comes under Mutrvahasrotasa and describe in the form of Mutrakricchra and Mutraghata. In both of the form Mutra Vibandha is there but in case of Mutrakricchra krichhrata is more prominent present mainly in the form of pain during before and after micturition that manifest in form of burning, tingling and stinging of urethra. Urinary disorders have become most common cause of morbidity and when further increases cause renal damage. Though the use of antibiotics has resolved the problem but relapses resistance and side effects are also associated with their long-term use. Now the need of Ayurvedic medicine arises to fill this lacuna. There are number of preparations described in Ayurveda text and trikantakadi kwath in one among them and it has wonderful propertiese that helps in curing mutrakrichhra.

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