scholarly journals Effects of Zn stress on antioxidant enzyme activity in Lemna polyrrhiza L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1&2) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
Punita Parikh ◽  
Krupa Unadkat
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolism ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Stress Environment ◽  
Toxic Concentrations ◽  
Peroxidase Enzymes

The effect of deleterious concentration of zinc provided individually was investigated in order to assess the effect of metal interaction in Lemna polyrrhiza L. The present study also emphasizes on the response of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase enzymes under zinc stress. Both antioxidant enzymes exhibited an increasing trend under different treatment conditions but it was reverse at highly toxic metal concentration. The antioxidant activities of enzymes, i.e of catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase and their activity proportions were examined. Catalase activities were substantially increased in a stress environment as compared to guaiacol peroxidase. Further, catalase and showed increased activities in a combined stress environment. Physiological role of these enzymes in stress tolerance mechanism is discussed. The response of Lemna polyrrhiza L to toxic concentrations of Zn appears to induce oxidative damage as observed by the increase antioxidant metabolism.

scholarly journals Effects of double stress on antioxidant enzyme activity in Vigna radiata (L.)Wilczek

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zamin S. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Reductase ◽  
Ascorbate Peroxidase ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Combined Stress ◽  
Stress Environment

Abstract The effects of double stress environment i.e. lead (heavy metal) and NaCl (saline) on the activity of antioxidant enzymes in Vigna radiata seedling were studied. The antioxidant activities of enzymes, i.e of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, glutathione reductase and their activity proportions were examined. Superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities were substantially increased in a combined stress environment as compared to catalase. Further, in comparison with catalase and ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase showed increased activities together with superoxide dismutase in a combined stress environment. Superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase showed higher activity proportion in combined treatment. Physiological role of these enzymes in stress tolerance mechanism is discussed.

scholarly journals Physiological responses of crop plants against Trichoderma harzianum in saline environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roomana Yasmeen ◽  
Zamin Shaheed Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Photosynthetic Performance ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Saline Environment ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Stress Environment

AbstractThe physiological response of crop plants againstTrichoderma harzianum(Th-6) in a saline habitat was studied.Trichoderma harzianum(Th-6) is an endophytic fungus that shows salt tolerance and establishes a symbiotic relationship with a host plant. To evaluate the role ofTrichoderma harzianum(Th-6) in mitigating the consequences of salinity stress on crop plants, seeds of maize and rice were coated withTrichodermabefore sowing and salt treatment. Later, after germination, twenty-one day old seedlings were subjected to NaCl concentrations (50, 100 and 150 mM). Salinity negatively affected all investigated physiological parameters in both crops. Treatment of seeds withTrichodermaimproved plant growth andTh-treated plants exhibited substantial physiological adjustment in a saline environment compared toTh-untreated plants. TheTh-treated plants under salt stress showed higher relative water content and stomatal conductance, better photosynthetic performance and higher pigment concentrations, as well as higher catalase and superoxide dismutase activities. Moreover, proline content in salt stress environment was higher inTh-treated plants, while H2O2content declined. The physiological role ofTrichoderma harzianumin mitigating the salt related consequences of both crop plants is discussed.

Grape Seeds Extract as Brain Food: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Souad El Gengaihi ◽  
Doha H. Abou Baker
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Grape Seed Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Amyloid Peptide ◽  
Grape Seeds ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Reduced Risk

Interest in the biological role of bioactive compounds present in medicinal herbs has increased over the last years. Of particular interest are plants that have an anti-Alzheimer activities. Several plants can be useful for Alzheimer (AD) management. Such as these which have anti-inflammatory activity, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory action, antiapoptotic, slow the aggregation of amyloid peptide and antioxidant activities. Grape seed extract (GSE) is a complex mixture of several compounds, mostly represented by polyphenols and flavonoids. Their consumption is safe and is recognized to exert several health benefits. GS flavonoids have been associated with the reduced risk of chronic diseases, we present some findings on the potential benefits of GSE for the treatment of AD.

Physiological Role of Cyclic Electron Flow in Higher Plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Wei HUANG ◽  
Shi-Bao ZHANG ◽  
Kun-Fang CAO
Keyword(s):  
Higher Plants ◽  
Electron Flow ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Cyclic Electron Flow

Dose-Related Toxicity of Copper and Cadmium in Striped Bass Larvae from the Chesapeake Bay: Field Considerations

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Chesapeake Bay ◽  
Striped Bass ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Toxic Concentrations ◽  
And Control ◽  
Spawning Tributaries

Copper and cadmium monitoring in Chesapeake Bay sediments indicates that metal contamination exists in nursery areas for striped bass (Moronesaxatilis), which has been in serious decline over the last 17 years. Whole water metal concentrations in one spawning river were within an order of magnitude of published acutely toxic concentrations. Larval striped bass were exposed in the laboratory to copper and cadmium concentrations which were acutely toxic over a 96h period (24 and 19 µg L−1, respectively), and to sub-lethal concentrations of these metals over a three week period. Larvae from acutely toxic metal treatments, sub-lethal metal concentrations and control tanks were analyzed for cadmium and copper and the frequency distribution of metal body burdens was compared with field data. The distribution of copper concentrations in laboratory-exposed larvae was completely within the range of field specimens, and there was considerable overlap in cadmium frequency distributions from laboratory and field larvae. These results together with other published data suggest that environmental metal concentrations in some spawning tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay may pose a threat to striped bass, and the suggestion is made that greater efforts should be made to link laboratory and field toxicological data.

The Renal Outer Medullary Potassium Channel (ROMK): An Intriguing Pharmacological Target for an Innovative Class of Diuretic Drugs

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 2627-2636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Calderone ◽  
Alma Martelli ◽  
Eugenia Piragine ◽  
Valentina Citi ◽  
Lara Testai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Role ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Diuretic Activity ◽  
First Line ◽  
Potassium Homeostasis ◽  
Diuretic Drugs ◽  
Pharmacological Target ◽  
Diuretic Agents ◽  
Effective Drugs

In the last four decades, the several classes of diuretics, currently available for clinical use, have been the first line option for the therapy of widespread cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular diseases. Diuretic drugs generally exhibit an overall favourable risk/benefit balance. However, they are not devoid of side effects. In particular, all the classes of diuretics cause alteration of potassium homeostasis. <p> In recent years, understanding of the physiological role of the renal outer medullary potassium (ROMK) channels, has shown an intriguing pharmacological target for developing an innovative class of diuretic agents: the ROMK inhibitors. This novel class is expected to promote diuretic activity comparable to (or even higher than) that provided by the most effective drugs used in clinics (such as furosemide), with limited effects on potassium homeostasis. <p> In this review, the physio-pharmacological roles of ROMK channels in the renal function are reported, along with the most representative molecules which have been currently developed as ROMK inhibitors.

Study of antioxidant potential in leaves, stems, nuts of Juglans regia L.

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Raja* ◽  
Ivvala Anand Shaker ◽  
Inampudi Sailaja ◽  
R. Swaminathan ◽  
S. Saleem Basha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Free Radical Damage ◽  
Radical Damage

Natural antioxidants can protect the human body from free radicals and retard the progress of many chronic diseases as well as lipid oxidative rancidity in foods. The role of antioxidants has protected effect against free radical damage that may cause many diseases including cancer. Primary sources of naturally occurring antioxidants are known as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Several studies suggest that regular consumption of nuts, mostly walnuts, may have beneficial effects against oxidative stress mediated diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. The role of antioxidants has attracted much interest with respect to their protective effect against free radical damage that may cause many diseases including cancer. Juglans regia L. (walnut) contains antioxidant compounds, which are thought to contribute to their biological properties. Polyphenols, flavonoids and flavonols concentrations and antioxidant activity of Leaves, Stems and Nuts extract of Juglans regia L. as evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, Nitric acid, hydroxyl and superoxide radical scavenging activity, lipid peroxidation and total oxidation activity were determined. The antioxidant activities of Leaves, Stems and Nuts extract of Juglans regia L. were concentration dependent in different experimental models and it was observed that free radicals were scavenged by the test compounds in all the models.

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