Genetic regulation of root traits for soil flooding tolerance in genus <i>Zea</i>

The experiment compared the relative tolerance of some advanced lines and a variety of lentil viz. BD3859, BD3905, BD3867, ILL5087, ILL5133 and BINAmasur1 (variety) to soil flooding. The growth rates of the genotypes considerably reduced when flooding imposed at vegetative stage. However, the genotypes responded differently to flooding onward during recovery period. Leaf and roots showed highly vulnerable to flooding. Flooding promoted extensive leaf senescence and desiccation. Flooding induced damaging of root system was highly striking, despite there existed remarkable recoveries in some genotypes. The adverse effect of flooding was less pronounced on stem than other plant components. However, shoot growth reduction was 76-86% relative to control. Relative growth rate (RGR) of most plant components showed negative rate during flooding, but it varied from negative to positive during recovery period. Considering total plant biomass, flooding tolerance (FT) indices indicated that BINAmasur1 and BD3859 had comparatively better degree of tolerance to excess water. In contrast, ILL5133 and ILL5087 were susceptible to flooding for having negative FT indices.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v18i2.17460 Progress. Agric. 18(2): 17 - 24, 2007

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Early rooting and flooding tolerance in cuttings from a Populus deltoides full-sib family under greenhouse conditions

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/cjfr-2020-0137 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Maria Emilia Rodríguez ◽

Irina Mozo ◽

Silvia Cortizo ◽

Eduardo Pablo Cappa ◽

Virginia Martha Luquez

Keyword(s):

Populus Deltoides ◽

Root Traits ◽

Leaf Traits ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Separate Experiment ◽

Phenotypic Correlation ◽

Flooding Tolerance ◽

Narrow Sense Heritability ◽

Shoot Weight ◽

Biomass Plant

Populus deltoides is an important forest tree, with elite genotypes propagated mainly as unrooted dormant cuttings. Several areas where P. deltoides is planted periodically experience flooding episodes. The aims of this work were to analyze the early rooting capability and flooding tolerance of a P. deltoides full-sib family, and to identify growth, wood, and leaf traits correlating with flooding tolerance. We analyzed the early rooting capability of the parental genotypes and 30 clones from their F1 under greenhouse conditions. The rooting percentage of the cuttings ranged from 50 to 100%. There was a positive genetic correlation between shoot weight and root traits (number, biomass and total length). In a separate experiment, 2-month-old plants growing in pots from the same genotypes were subjected to two treatments: watered (control) and flooded for 35 days. Most genotypes showed an intermediate flooding tolerance with respect to the parental clones. Height, diameter, growth rate, biomass, plant leaf area, leaf number and leaf increase rate had a positive phenotypic correlation with flooding tolerance, while wood density did not. Height and diameter are traits recommended for selection because they correlate with flooding tolerance, are easy to measure, and have moderate to high narrow sense heritability.

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Understanding a Mechanistic Basis of ABA Involvement in Plant Adaptation to Soil Flooding: The Current Standing

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10101982 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1982

Author(s):

Yancui Zhao ◽

Wenying Zhang ◽

Salah Fatouh Abou-Elwafa ◽

Sergey Shabala ◽

Le Xu

Keyword(s):

Crop Production ◽

Flooding Tolerance ◽

Agricultural Crop ◽

Stress Hormone ◽

Critical Signal ◽

Soil Flooding ◽

Morphological Adaptations ◽

Physiological Adjustments ◽

Mechanistic Basis ◽

Made In

Soil flooding severely impairs agricultural crop production. Plants can cope with flooding conditions by embracing an orchestrated set of morphological adaptations and physiological adjustments that are regulated by the elaborated hormonal signaling network. The most prominent of these hormones is ethylene, which has been firmly established as a critical signal in flooding tolerance. ABA (abscisic acid) is also known as a “stress hormone” that modulates various responses to abiotic stresses; however, its role in flooding tolerance remains much less established. Here, we discuss the progress made in the elucidation of morphological adaptations regulated by ABA and its crosstalk with other phytohormones under flooding conditions in model plants and agriculturally important crops.

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Mapping the Salt Stress-Induced Changes in the Root miRNome in Pokkali Rice

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom10040498 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 498 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kavita Goswami ◽

Deepti Mittal ◽

Budhayash Gautam ◽

Sudhir K. Sopory ◽

Neeti Sanan-Mishra

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Plant Physiology ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Rice Variety ◽

Genetic Regulation ◽

Root Traits ◽

Genetic Network ◽

Transcriptional Level ◽

Induced Changes ◽

Cellular Components

A plant’s response to stress conditions is governed by intricately coordinated gene expression. The microRNAs (miRs) have emerged as relatively new players in the genetic network, regulating gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. In this study, we performed comprehensive profiling of miRs in roots of the naturally salt-tolerant Pokkali rice variety to understand their role in regulating plant physiology in the presence of salt. For comparisons, root miR profiles of the salt-sensitive rice variety Pusa Basmati were generated. It was seen that the expression levels of 65 miRs were similar for roots of Pokkali grown in the absence of salt (PKNR) and Pusa Basmati grown in the presence of salt (PBSR). The salt-induced dis-regulations in expression profiles of miRs showed controlled changes in the roots of Pokkali (PKSR) as compared to larger variations seen in the roots of Pusa Basmati. Target analysis of salt-deregulated miRs identified key transcription factors, ion-transporters, and signaling molecules that act to maintain cellular Ca2+ homeostasis and limit ROS production. These miR:mRNA nodes were mapped to the Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) to identify the correlated root traits for understanding their significance in plant physiology. The results obtained indicate that the adaptability of Pokkali to excess salt may be due to the genetic regulation of different cellular components by a variety of miRs.

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Constitutive and Plastic Root Traits and Their Role in Differential Tolerance to Soil Flooding among Coexisting Species of a Lowland Grassland

International Journal of Plant Sciences ◽

10.1086/431805 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 166 (5) ◽

pp. 805-813 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Agustín A. Grimoldi ◽

Pedro Insausti ◽

Viviana Vasellati ◽

Gustavo G. Striker

Keyword(s):

Root Traits ◽

Soil Flooding ◽

Coexisting Species

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Photosynthetic responses of citrus trees to soil flooding

Physiologia Plantarum ◽

10.1034/j.1399-3054.1991.810102.x ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 7-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Joseph C. V. Vu ◽

George Yelenosky

Keyword(s):

Soil Flooding ◽

Photosynthetic Responses ◽

Citrus Trees

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Experimentally altered rainfall regimes and host root traits affect grassland arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities

10.32942/osf.io/cu4jh ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Coline Deveautour ◽

Suzanne Donn ◽

Sally Power ◽

Kirk Barnett ◽

Jeff Powell

Keyword(s):

Fungal Community ◽

Community Assembly ◽

Root Length ◽

Specific Root Length ◽

Root Traits ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Fungal Communities ◽

Rainfall Regime ◽

Precipitation Regimes ◽

Rainfall Regimes

Future climate scenarios predict changes in rainfall regimes. These changes are expected to affect plants via effects on the expression of root traits associated with water and nutrient uptake. Associated microorganisms may also respond to these new precipitation regimes, either directly in response to changes in the soil environment or indirectly in response to altered root trait expression. We characterised arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities in an Australian grassland exposed to experimentally altered rainfall regimes. We used Illumina sequencing to assess the responses of AM fungal communities associated with four plant species sampled in different watering treatments and evaluated the extent to which shifts were associated with changes in root traits. We observed that altered rainfall regimes affected the composition but not the richness of the AM fungal communities, and we found distinctive communities in the increased rainfall treatment. We found no evidence of altered rainfall regime effects via changes in host physiology because none of the studied traits were affected by changes in rainfall. However, specific root length was observed to correlate with AM fungal richness, while concentrations of phosphorus and calcium in root tissue and the proportion of root length allocated to fine roots were correlated to community composition. Our study provides evidence that climate change and its effects on rainfall may influence AM fungal community assembly, as do plant traits related to plant nutrition and water uptake. We did not find evidence that host responses to altered rainfall drive AM fungal community assembly in this grassland ecosystem.

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