Effect of Caffeine on the Body Fat and Lipid Metabolism of Rats Fed on a High-Fat Diet

Obesity has been recognized as one of the most important risk factors for a variety of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension/cardiovascular diseases, steatosis/hepatitis, and cancer. Keishibukuryogan (KBG, Gui Zhi Fu Ling Wan in Chinese) is a traditional Chinese/Japanese (Kampo) medicine that has been known to improve blood circulation and is also known for its anti-inflammatory or scavenging effect. In this study, we evaluated the effect of KBG in two distinct rodent models of obesity driven by either a genetic (SHR/NDmcr-cp rat model) or dietary (high-fat diet-induced mouse obesity model) mechanism. Although there was no significant effect on the body composition in either the SHR rat or the DIO mouse models, KBG treatment significantly decreased the serum level of leptin and liver TG level in the DIO mouse, but not in the SHR rat model. Furthermore, a lower fat deposition in liver and a smaller size of adipocytes in white adipose tissue were observed in the DIO mice treated with KBG. Importantly, we further found downregulation of genes involved in lipid metabolism in the KBG-treated liver, along with decreased liver TG and cholesterol level. Our present data experimentally support in fact that KBG can be an attractive Kampo medicine to improve obese status through a regulation of systemic leptin level and/or lipid metabolism.

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Loss of Selenoprotein V Predisposes Mice to Body Fat Accumulation (OR11-02-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz044.or11-02-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Lingli Chen ◽

Jiaqiang Huang ◽

Yuanyuan Wu ◽

Fazheng Ren ◽

Xin Gen Lei

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Body Fat ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

The Body ◽

High Fat ◽

Fat Accumulation ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Body Weights ◽

Its Gene ◽

Selenoprotein V

Abstract Objectives Metabolic function of selenoprotein V (SELENOV) remains unknown, although we previously showed a strong correlation of its gene expression with the high-fat diet-induced obesity in pigs. This study was conducted to explore the role and mechanism of SELENOV in body fat metabolism. Methods We applied the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-targeting deletion to generate Selenovknockout (KO) mice (C57BL/6 J background). Male KO and their wild-type (WT) (8 weeks old, n = 10 per genotype by treatment group) were fed a normal diet (NF, 10% calories coming from fat) or a high-fat diet (HF, 60% calories coming from fat) for 27 weeks. At the end, body weights and composition of mice were recorded, and tissues were collected to assay for gene expression and protein production related to lipid metabolism. Results Body weights of the KO mice fed the NF or HF diet were 16–19% higher (P < 0.05) than those of the WT mice. Total fat mass of the KO mice was 54% higher (P < 0.05) than the WT mice fed either diet, whereas total lean mass of the KO mice was 5 and 35% lower (P < 0.05) than that of WT mice fed the NF and HF diets, respectively. Gene expression of key enzymes (Fasn, Acaca, Dgat1, and Lpl) involved in lipogenesis was elevated (P < 0.05) in the white adipose tissue of the KO mice compared with the WT mice. In contrast, differences in gene expression of enzymes related to lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation (Atgl, Hsl, Ces1d, and Cpt1a) between the two genotypes were exactly the opposite (P < 0.05). Consistently, levels of proteins related to lipid accumulation (pACC, ACC, FAS, and LPL) were upregulated (P < 0.05) and proteins related to lipolysis (ATGL, HSL, and pHSL) were down-regulated (P < 0.05) in the KO mice compared with the WT mice. Conclusions Knockout of Selenov predisposed the male mice to elevated lipogenesis and attenuated lipolyis, leading to the body fat accumulation. This illustrated role and mechanism of SELENOV helps explain our previously-reported correlation between its gene expression and the high-fat diet-induced obesity in pigs. Funding Sources This research was supported in part by a NSFC grant #31,320,103,920.

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Modulatory effects of functional rice cultivars giant embryo and Aranghyangchal on the body weight and lipid metabolism in mice fed with a high fat diet

Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s12892-013-0055-0 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 167-171

Author(s):

Mi Young Kang ◽

Jung Eun Moon ◽

Sang Chul Lee

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

The Body ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

High Fat ◽

Giant Embryo

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Effect of Walnut Meal Peptides on Hyperlipidemia and Hepatic Lipid Metabolism in Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13051410 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 1410

Author(s):

Xiao-Yue Yang ◽

Di-Ying Zhong ◽

Guo-Liang Wang ◽

Run-Guang Zhang ◽

You-Lin Zhang

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

The Body ◽

Liver Fat ◽

High Fat ◽

Apo B ◽

Expression Of Genes ◽

Triglyceride Content

As a natural active substance that can effectively improve blood lipid balance in the body, hypolipidemic active peptides have attracted the attention of scholars. In this study, the effect of walnut meal peptides (WMP) on lipid metabolism was investigated in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The experimental results show that feeding walnut meal peptides counteracted the high-fat diet-induced increase in body, liver and epididymal fat weight, and reduce the serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-cholesterol and hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride content. Walnut meal peptides also resulted in increased HDL-cholesterol while reducing the atherosclerosis index (AI). Additionally, the stained pathological sections of the liver showed that the walnut meal peptides reduced hepatic steatosis and damage caused by HFD. Furthermore, walnut meal peptide supplementation was associated with normalization of elevated apolipoprotein (Apo)-B and reduced Apo-A1 induced by the high-fat diet and with favorable changes in the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism (LCAT, CYP7A1, HMGR, FAS). The results indicate that walnut meal peptides can effectively prevent the harmful effects of a high-fat diet on body weight, lipid metabolism and liver fat content in rats, and provide, and provide a reference for the further development of walnut meal functional foods.

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Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in the arcuate nucleus stimulates lipid metabolism to control body fat accrual on a high-fat diet

Regulatory Peptides ◽

10.1016/j.regpep.2003.08.005 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 117 (2) ◽

pp. 89-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Katherine E Wortley ◽

Guo-Qing Chang ◽

Zoya Davydova ◽

Susan K Fried ◽

Sarah F Leibowitz

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Body Fat ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Arcuate Nucleus ◽

High Fat ◽

Control Body

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Supplementation of Non-Dairy Creamer-Enriched High-Fat Diet with D-Allulose Ameliorated Blood Glucose and Body Fat Accumulation in C57BL/6J Mice

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9132750 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (13) ◽

pp. 2750 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ga Young Do ◽

Eun-Young Kwon ◽

Yun Jin Kim ◽

Youngji Han ◽

Seong-Bo Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Body Fat ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Control Group ◽

High Fat ◽

Food Component ◽

Fat Accumulation

D-allulose, which has 70% of the sweet taste of sucrose but nearly no calories, has been reported to inhibit the absorption of lipids and suppress body weight gain in obese mice. Fats in non-dairy creamer consist of highly saturated fatty acids, which can cause various lipid disorders when consumed over a long period. We investigated whether D-allulose supplementation alleviates the effects of a non-dairy creamer-enriched high-fat diet on lipid metabolism. High-fat diets enriched with non-dairy creamer were administered to C57BL/6J mice with or without D-allulose supplementation for eight weeks by the pair-feeding design. Lipid metabolic markers were compared between the non-dairy creamer control group (NDC) and non-dairy creamer allulose group (NDCA). Body, adipose tissue, and liver weights, and fasting blood glucose levels, were significantly lower in the NDCA group than in the NDC group. Fecal fatty acid and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in the NDCA group than in the NDC group. Supplementing a non-dairy creamer-enriched high-fat diet with D-allulose improved overall lipid metabolism, including the plasma and hepatic lipid profiles, hepatic and adipose tissue morphology, and plasma inflammatory adipokine levels in mice. These results suggest that D-allulose can be used as a functional food component for preventing body fat accumulation from a high-fat diet that includes hydrogenated plant fats.

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