scholarly journals Chemical Studies on Biologically Active Secondary Metabolites from Mushrooms: Plant Growth Regulators, Osteoclast-Forming Suppressing Compounds, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Suppressive Compounds and Fruiting-Body Inducing Compounds from Mushrooms

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-239
Author(s):  
Jing WU ◽  
Hirokazu KAWAGISHI
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Fruiting Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Chemical Studies

scholarly journals Inducing resistance of cucumber plants to diseases by using plant growth regulators

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
O. Onyshchenko ◽  
O. Chaiuk
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Resistance Inducers

Goal. To investigate the influence of plant growth regulators (PGR) and microfertilizer as plant resistance inducers for reducing the development of cucumber diseases in film greenhouses. Methods. Field and laboratory. Results. Analysis of the activity of total peroxidase showed a positive dynamics of activation of this enzyme - an increase of 1,2 – 2,2 times, which is 14,3 – 54,6%. It was the highest in the version with the use of Epin extra and salicylic acid. For the third day after plant treatment, the enzyme activity increased to 74.7-75.1 mg-ekv/g·s, Due to increased plant resistance, a decrease in the level of infestation of cucumber plants is noted. Depending on the drugs, the intensity of development of root rot in the average years of research was kept within 12.3-17.7 % at 30.5 % in the control. The smallest development of root rot was observed after application of microfertilizer CompleMet – 12.3 %. Treatment of plants by growth regulators led to a decrease in the level of damage of cucumber by downy mildew. The smallest development of the disease was noted in variants with Vimpel Maxi, Epin extra and CompleMet – 8.5% at 13.7% in control. Conclusions. The tendency to increase the level of activity of peroxidase in cucumber plants after treatment with plant growth regulators is revealed, which indicates an increase in the activity of one of the key non-specific protective reactions and, consequently, unspecific plant resistance. The effectiveness of PGR on the basis of humic acids, biologically active substances and microfertilizer CompleMet as an inducer of plant resistance to diseases has been established. The most effective against root rot is microfertilizer CompleMet – 60 % among growth regulators: Vimpel Maxi, salicylic acid, Epin extra (biological efficiency – 56, 55, 52 % respectively). Influence from the action of PGR against downy mildewis observed at the initial stages of disease development. A noticeable effect is observed when applying Epin extra, Vimpel Maxi and CompleMet (biological efficiency – 38%).

scholarly journals Plant growth regulators interact with elevated temperature to alter heat stress signaling via the Unfolded Protein Response in maize

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena M. Neill ◽  
Michael C. R. Byrd ◽  
Thomas Billman ◽  
Federica Brandizzi ◽  
Ann E. Stapleton
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Unfolded Protein ◽  
The Unfolded Protein Response ◽  
Protein Response

ABSTRACTPlants are increasingly exposed to high temperatures, which can cause accumulation of unfolded protein in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This condition, known as ER stress, evokes the unfolded protein response (UPR), a cytoprotective signaling pathway. One important branch of the UPR is regulated by splicing of bZIP60 mRNA by the IRE1 stress sensor. There is increasing evidence that commercial plant growth regulators may protect against abiotic stressors including heat stress and drought, but there is very little mechanistic information about these effects or about the regulatory pathways involved. We evaluated evidence in the B73 Zea mays inbred for differences in the activity of the UPR between permissive and elevated temperature in conjunction with plant growth regulator application. Treatment with elevated temperature and plant growth regulators increased UPR activation, as assessed by an increase in splicing of the mRNA of the IRE1 target bZIP60 following paclobutrazol treatment. We propose that plant growth regulator treatment induces bZIP60 mRNA splicing which ‘primes’ plants for rapid adaptive response to subsequent endoplasmic reticulum-stress inducing conditions.

Differential effects of plant growth regulators on physiology, steviol glycosides content, and antioxidant capacity in micropropagated tissues of Stevia rebaudiana

Biologia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Javed ◽  
Buhara Yucesan ◽  
Muhammad Zia ◽  
Ekrem Gurel
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Steviol Glycosides ◽  
Defence Mechanism ◽  
Differential Effects

AbstractPlants naturally produce secondary metabolites on exposure to abiotic/biotic stress. Production of secondary metabolites, like phenols or flavonoids, is a defence mechanism against different stresses. This study explores the influence of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on the growth and secondary metabolites of

scholarly journals Sterilization protocols and the effect of plant growth regulators on callus induction and secondary metabolites production in in vitro cultures Melia azedarach L.

AMB Express ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ahmadpoor ◽  
Nasser Zare ◽  
Rasool Asghari ◽  
Parisa Sheikhzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Metabolites Production

AbstractMelia azedarach L. is a valuable source of antioxidants and secondary metabolites. This study is a first extensive report about the effect of different serialization protocols and plant growth regulators (PGRs) on explant disinfection efficiency, callus induction and secondary metabolites production and accumulation in callus cultures of M. azedarach L. In this regard, the effect of plant growth regulators on callus induction and secondary metabolites production were examined. In addition, different sterilization agents were evaluated for disinfection of chinaberry leaf explants. The results showed that the lowest percentage of explant contamination and browning with the highest percentage of callus induction and callus growth obtained with explants pretreated with benomyl (2 g/L) for 2 h and sterilized with 7% H2O2 for 10 min and NaOCl 2% (without pH adjustment) for 12 min. Although adjusting the pH of NaOCl to pH  = 7 and 10 significantly reduced the microbial contamination and increased the percentage of contamination-free cultures of M. azedarach L., adversely influenced the explant viability and callus induction and growth. The highest percentage of callus induction obtained on the MS medium containing 3 mg/L NAA/2,4-D and 1 or 3 mg/L Kin/BAP, and the highest callus yield (1804.833 mg/explant) belonged to the MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/L 2,4-D and 5 mg/L Kin. The callus cultures grown on the MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L NAA and 1 mg/L Kin produced the highest amount of Quercetin (2.06 mg/g fresh weight), Rutin (5.56 mg/g fresh weight) and Kaempferol (1.84 mg/g fresh weight).

The Effects of NH4+ and NO3− and Plant Growth Regulators on the Accumulation of Nutrients, Carbohydrates and Secondary Metabolites of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

Sugar Tech ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hourieh Tavakoli Hasanaklou ◽  
Ali Ebadi Khazineh Ghadim ◽  
Foad Moradi ◽  
Sodabeh Jahanbakhsh Ghodehkahriz ◽  
Abdolghayoum Gholipouri
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni

scholarly journals Influence of plant growth regulators and salicylic acid on the production of some secondary metabolites in callus and cell suspension culture of Satureja sahendica Bornm.

2021 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sarieh TARIGHOLIZADEH ◽  
Rouhollah MOTAFAKKERAZAD ◽  
Morteza KOSARI-NASAB ◽  
Ali MOVAFEGHI ◽  
Sakineh MOHAMMADI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Cell Suspension Culture ◽  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Fresh Mass

<p class="042abstractstekst">The impact of combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs) on callus culture of <em>Satureja sahendica </em>Bornm. was investigated. In nodal explants, the response of secondary metabolite production to different concentrations of PGRs was analyzed regarding the presence and absence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The explants were cultured on MS media in presence of auxins (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and naphthylacetic acid) and cytokinins (thidiazuron and kinetin); which were used in equal concentrations of 0.5, 1, and 2 mg l<sup>-1</sup>. The treatment of 2 mg l<sup>-1</sup> 2,4-D + 2 mg l<sup>-1 </sup>Kin (MD3) led to the highest production of total phenolics (4.303 ± 0.449 mg GAE g<sup>-1</sup>) and flavonoids (24.903 ± 7.016 mg QE g<sup>-1</sup>). Moreover, the effect of salicylic acid (SA) on the production of secondary metabolites in cell suspension culture of <em>Satureja sahendica</em> was evaluated. The cell suspension culture was established by culturing the nodal-derived friable callus in the liquid medium containing different concentrations of SA (0, 100, 150, 200 µM). An inverse relationship exists between the fresh mass and secondary metabolites contents. In addition, there was a significant difference among concentrations of SA in the production of total phenolics and flavonoid compounds. SA enhances secondary metabolites production and decreases cell fresh mass.</p>

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