Increase in Egg Production in Households using Low Cost Rations as Feeds for Indigenous Chickens in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-246
Author(s):  
Innocent Kariuki ◽  
◽  
Soonsung Hong ◽  
Sukwon Kang ◽  
Geoffrey Ngae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Indigenous Chickens

Yeast derivatives and wheat germ in the adult diet modulates fecundity in a tephritid pest

2018 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Goane ◽  
P.M. Pereyra ◽  
F. Castro ◽  
M.J. Ruiz ◽  
M.L. Juárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Brewer’S Yeast ◽  
Brewer's Yeast ◽  
Adult Diet ◽  
Ovary Maturation

AbstractAnastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann), a pest of great economic importance in South America, needs urgently to be controlled by environmentally friendly methods such as the sterile insect technique for which mass rearing of insects is required. Because oogenesis takes place during the adult stage, mass-rearing facilities should provide the females a diet that maximizes egg production at the lowest cost. Accordingly, we investigated the effect of artificial protein sources in the adult diet (yeast derivatives of different cost but with similar amino acids profiles, and the addition of wheat germ) on fecundity. Additionally, we evaluated different ratios of yeast derivatives or wheat germ on ovary maturation, fecundity, and fertility as well as their association with the nutrient content of females. Females fed hydrolyzed yeast and yeast extract attained the highest fecundity level, and those fed brewer's yeast the lowest. Reducing the amount of hydrolyzed yeast, an expensive protein source, in the diet negatively affected fecundity and ovary maturation. Increasing the amount of brewer's yeast, a low-cost protein source, did not favor fecundity. The addition of wheat germ in the adult diet improved fecundity regardless of the yeast derivate considered. Percentage of egg hatch was not affected by the diet. Nutrient content of A. fraterculus females varied according to the adult diet provided and mating status. Our findings provide novel baseline information to understand the role of nutrition on reproductive performance of A. fraterculus females and are discussed in the context of resource allocation. They also provide valuable advances in the search for cost-effective adult diets at fruit fly mass rearing facilities.

scholarly journals EGG PRODUCTIVITY OF LAYING HENS OF VARIOUS CROSSES

2020 ◽  
pp. 206-211
Author(s):  
А. А. Astrakhantsev ◽  
◽  
N. А. Lekontseva ◽  
V. V. Naumova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Egg Products ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Productivity Indicators ◽  
The Cost

Breeders of edible eggs, using various crosses of chickens, try to reduce the cost of production. In this regard, interests of hen crosses that produce egg products with low feed costs and low cost. One of these egg crosses of hens is “Lohmann brown light”. At the same time, domestic poultry farms successfully use the “Lohmann Braun classic”cross poultry. The aim of the study was to evaluate the egg productivity indicators of laying hens of the industrial herd of crosses “Lohmann brown classic”and” Lohmann brown light”. The study was carried out in the conditions of LLC Poultry Farm “Varaksino” of the Udmurt Republic. For the research, 2 groups of hens were formed, consisting of 6 batches each. As a result, hens of the studied crosses were characterized by approximately the same viability and level of livestock preservation – 94.1 – 94.3 %. Crosses of hens “Lohmann brown classic” and “Lohmann brown light” had minor differences in quantitative and qualitative indicators of egg production. Thus, egg production for the initial and average laying hens in the groups was at the level of 348.2 – 350.5 and 353 – 355.2 eggs, respectively. The amount of egg mass from the cross “Lohmann brown classic” hens was 22.9 kg, and from the cross “Lohmann brown light” - 22.6 kg. On an equal background of feeding, there were no differences in the cost of feed for the production of 10 eggs (1.29 – 1.31 kg) and 1 kg of egg mass (2.03 – 2.05 kg) in the studied hen crosses.

scholarly journals New insights in oocyte dynamics shed light on the complexities associated with fish reproductive strategies

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Serrat ◽  
Fran Saborido-Rey ◽  
Cristina Garcia-Fernandez ◽  
Marta Muñoz ◽  
Josep Lloret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Potential Fecundity ◽  
Primary Oocyte

AbstractInformation on temporal variations in stock reproductive potential (SRP) is essential in fisheries management. Despite this relevance, fundamental understanding of egg production variability remains largely unclear due to difficulties in tracking the underlying complex fluctuations in early oocyte recruitment that determines fecundity. We applied advanced oocyte packing density theory to get in-depth, quantitative insights across oocyte stages and seasons, selecting the commercially valuable European hake (Merluccius merluccius) as a case study. Our work evidenced sophisticated seasonal oocyte recruitment dynamics and patterns, mostly driven by a low-cost predefinition of fecundity as a function of fish body size, likely influenced also by environmental cues. Fecundity seems to be defined at a much earlier stage of oocyte development than previously thought, implying a quasi-determinate – rather than indeterminate – fecundity type in hake. These results imply a major change in the conceptual approach to reproductive strategies in teleosts. These findings not only question the current binary classification of fecundity as either determinate or indeterminate, but also suggest that current practices regarding potential fecundity estimation in fishes should be complemented with studies on primary oocyte dynamics. Accordingly, the methodology and approach adopted in this study may be profitably applied for unravelling some of the complexities associated with oocyte recruitment and thereby SRP variability.

Indigenous chicken genetic resources in Bangladesh: current status and future outlook

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 73-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K.F.H. Bhuiyan ◽  
M.S.A. Bhuiyan ◽  
G.K. Deb
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Production System ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cash Income ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Indigenous Chickens

SummaryLivestock, especially poultry, is a promising sector for poverty reduction in Bangladesh. Approximately 140 millions chickens are scattered throughout 68 000 villages in the country, mostly of indigenous, non-descript type. The production system for indigenous chickens is smallholder backyard scavenging in nature with each family keeping an average of 6–7 chickens to meet family requirements, and from which a cash income can also be derived when necessary. Indigenous chickens produce about 75% of the eggs and 78% of the meat consumed domestically. Among said indigenous chicken genetic resources, non-descript Deshi, Aseel and Naked Neck breeds are noteworthyThe non-descript Deshi chicken constitutes about 90% of the indigenous population. Also known as ‘Murghi’, they have undergone unknown periods of natural selection and are a reservoir of excellent genetic diversity. They show high levels of morphological and phenotypic variability and increased fitness under natural settings. Studies reveal that they may be regarded as one breed or population because of the small genetic distances among them. Deshi chickens are characterized by black (75%) and red (25%) plumage colour; black (39%), yellow (32%) and white (29%) shank color; black (99%) eye color; bright red (59%) and pale (41%) comb colour; white (82%) and yellow (17%) skin colour; no definite (61%) and lacing (17%) feather pattern; medium (70%) and large (19%) body size; single comb (97%) and rudimentary spur (98%); medium egg size (80%); light brown (67%) and white (27%) egg shell colour. Regarding production traits, Deshi chickens have average hatch weight of 29 g; body weight at 4, 8, 12 weeks; weekly weight gain (0–12 weeks) of respectively of 77, 175, 315, 24 grams; age at first egg (175 days); weight of pullet (0.9 kg); mature body weight (1.3 kg); hatchability (52%); fertility (83%); annual egg production (45 -50 eggs); 9% mortality up to 500 days of age.The indigenous chicken population of Bangladesh has been undergoing genetic erosion since the 1960s, following the introduction of improved stock from developed countries. Efforts to sustain commercial hybrid broiler and layer chicken farming under intensive and semi-intensive production models have been tested, but efficiency of systematic characterization, screening, breed improvement and conservation programmes with the indigenous Deshi chickens at the smallholder village levels (in-situ) of Bangladesh are yet to be tested. Such an initiative may help to save these creatures from the grip of thethreat of extinction. This in turn may help to sustain village chicken production system in Bangladesh and could be a useful micro-economic strategy in the on-going poverty alleviation process in the country.

scholarly journals PERFORMANCES OF THE INDIGENOUS CHICKENS OF NIGERIA AND THE APOLLO 1. EGG WEIGHT, RATE OF PRODUCTION AND FACTORS AFFECTING THEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79
Author(s):  
A. Osu ◽  
D. Almut
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Indigenous Chickens ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Two Generations

Data on the Ife Breed of the indigenous chicken and the Apollo, an imported commercial egg strain were analysed for effect of breed, time and generation of hatch, body weight at various ages, and age at sexual maturity on egg weight and rate of egg production to eight months. There were highly significant generation and breed differences, with a mean of 116 eggs for the Ife Breed compared to 106 for the Apollo over two generations. Other factors that significantly affected egg production were body weight and age at sexual maturity, and mature egg weight. Mean pullet year egg weight showed breed and hatch differences and were significantly affected by body weight and age at sexual maturity. Mean egg weight for the Ife Breed was 32.3 compared to 48.7 for the Apollo.

scholarly journals Production performance and egg quality evaluation of indigenous chickens across different agro-ecologies of Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-145
Author(s):  
Berhanu Bekele ◽  
◽  
Aberra Melesse ◽  
Wodmeneh Esatu ◽  
Tadelle Dessie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Feed Resources ◽  
Indigenous Chickens ◽  
Growth Performances

Indigenous chickens were evaluated for their egg production, growth performances, and external and internal egg quality parameters across three agro-ecologies. For experiment 540 (180 male and 432 female) chickens were distributed to the three agro-ecologies (lowland, midland, and highland) at their 20 weeks age. Body weight was recorded from each chicken during distribution, 4th week, and 8th week after distribution into pre-selected households. Egg production potential was identified from the indigenous chickens across different agro-ecologies. Moreover, egg quality traits were evaluated from randomly selected 270 (90 from each agroecology) eggs. Egg production of indigenous chickens in the highland was 47.7 which was highly significantly (P = 0.0001) lower number than of midland (54.2) and lowland (51.4). Except for Shell weight, all the external egg quality parameters evaluated were exhibited significant differences across different agro-ecologies. Among the internal egg quality parameters only albumen weight had a significantly (P = 0.007) higher in midland than highland. Most of the variation in egg weight was due to the positive correlation with egg length (69%), and egg width (67%). There was a variation for performance and egg quality traits of indigenous chickens in different agro-ecologies, especially better in midland, which might be resulted from the variation in environment, feed resources availability, and better management followed by households.

scholarly journals Performance study of Non-descript, Hilly and Naked Neck indigenous chicken at fifth generation

2020 ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
S Faruque ◽  
AKFM Bhuiyan ◽  
MOA Rahman ◽  
MSK Sarker ◽  
NR Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Naked Neck ◽  
Indigenous Chickens ◽  
Fifth Generation ◽  
Research Institute

The present study was conducted at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka to assess the performances of three Indigenous Chicken genotypes under intensive management. A total of 1128-day-old chicks comprising of 3 types of chicken namely Naked Neck (NN), Hilly (H) and Non-descript Deshi (ND) were hatched in one batch for this study. Significant (p<0.001) body weight differences among the genotypes were observed at 12th and 16th weeks of age, with the highest body weight observed for H genotype (1250.71±27.71, and 1502.54±36.81g) among the other two genotypes. NN genotype (2.85%) had significantly higher chick mortality than ND (0.68 %) and H (2.08 %) genotypes at 0-8 weeks of age. The age at first egg laid was significantly (p<0.001) affected by genotype. The age at which Indigenous Chickens start laying eggs ranged from 152.79 to 161.95 days. The Hen-day egg production (HDEP%) observed in the present study were affected significantly (p<0.001) by genotype. In this study, the average HDEP% of ND, H and NN were found to be 38.44±2.18, 30.43±2.10 and 41.95±2.11. Eight week body weight of males ND, H and NN birds were expected to increase by 64.7, 46.1 and 43.9g, respectively. While in females ND, H and NN birds, the expected responses were 21.5, 27.9 and 10.7g, respectively Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 153-158, 2018

scholarly journals Rural production of tropically adapted breeds of chickens in rural areas of Kwara state, Nigeria

10.5219/1199 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1013-1017
Author(s):  
Olayinka Alabi ◽  
Ayoola Shoyombo ◽  
Segun Jegede ◽  
Olarewaju Oluba ◽  
Oghenerobor Akpor
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Indigenous Chicken ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Supplemental Feed ◽  
Extensive System ◽  
Indigenous Chickens ◽  
Rural Production ◽  
Total Coverage ◽  
Non Parametric

Chicken keeping is a common thing with most household in rural areas of Nigeria. The birds are raised under extensive system of production with little or no feed provided by the farmers for the birds, hence there is the need to compare the rate of egg production of six different breeds of chickens reared under the same conditions in the rural areas. Twelve villages were randomly selected from the long list of villages in Kwara, 20 households per village and 4 villages per senatorial district, with a total coverage of 240 households for the study. The birds that were used for the study were indigenous chicken (Fulani), improved indigenous chickens (Shika Brown, Funaab Alpha and Noiler) and imported tropically adapted birds (Sasso and Kuroiler). Thirty six weeks old pre-vaccinated and brooded chickens of different breeds given to the farmers were managed under the traditional poultry scavenging system in all the three senatorial districts. The non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test was used for the comparison between districts and breeds. There were no significant differences in egg production per senatorial district, egg production from different breeds and production from different senatorial districts remained averagely low. Low egg production by all the breeds showed that scavenging way of rural chicken production should be improved on for better productivity. This can be achieved through supplemental feed formulated and produced  from locally available feed ingredients for the chickens. 

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