Microwave Sterilization of Oil Palm Fruits: Effect of Power, Temperature and D-value on Oil Quality

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Sarah ◽  
Mohd. Rozainee Taib
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Microwave Sterilization ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
D Value

Enzymatic Inactivation of Oil Palm Fruits: Comparison of Microwave Irradiation and Steam Bath Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maya Sarah ◽  
Mohd Rozainee Taib ◽  
Abdul Adamu
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Irradiation ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
High Power ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Power Level ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Microwave Sterilization ◽  
High Power Level ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Stripping Efficiency

The study on microwave irradiation and steam batch process to sterilize oil palm fruits is carried out to investigate their effectiveness on lipase inactivation. The inactivation parameters, palm oil quality, and stripping efficiency were evaluated. Evaluation on the inactivation parameters, such as decimal reduction time (D-value) and kinetic constant (k), were conducted to study the sterilization dependency on time and temperature. Microwave sterilization required only 14.085 to 16.949 minutes to inactivate lipase at temperature of 76.5°C (max), while steam batch sterilization required more than 90 minutes to obtained similar level of free fatty acid (FFA) at higher temperature (80 to 105°C). The quality of palm oil was indicated by the concentration of FFA in palm oil. Sterilization of either by microwave irradiation or steam batch sterilization reduced lipase’s activity significantly, which is indicated by FFA concentration of below 1%. Stripping efficiency from microwave sterilization at various power level after 16 minutes were 27% (medium power level), 58.5% (medium high power level), and 61% (high power level), respectively.

scholarly journals Modelling microwave heating of an oil palm mesocarp

2018 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 01017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Law ◽  
Jessie Chang
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Heating Efficiency ◽  
Heating Model ◽  
Palm Fruits

An oil palm mill often uses steam in sterilization and fruit detachment processes. Consequently, a large amount of wastewater is produced. To reduce the wastewater, microwave (MW) heating of oil palm fruits has been studied and positive results were reported in open literature. Nevertheless, MW heating of oil palm fruits requires proper control to avoid overheating, which deteriorates the oil quality. MW heating efficiency depends not only on the electromagnetic strength, but also on the complex permittivity of oil palm fruits. This study reports the MW heating model of an oil palm mesocarp. The three-dimensional model solved Maxwell’s Electromagnetic waves equation, diffusion equation of moisture content, and heat conduction equation. The model was validated with mesocarp’s experimental data of moisture content and temperatures. The electromagnetics, moisture, and temperature distributions of the mesocarp were studied. The simulation results showed that the volumeand surface-averaged temperature were similar, thus the surface temperature might be used as a good approximation to the volumetric temperature. Besides, the model also showed that radiation and convection were the main heat loss mechanisms. This validated model can be used for designing a microwave heating reactor for oil palm fruits.

scholarly journals Histochemistry of backcross 1 of oil palm seeds at different storage periods

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Ernayunita Ernayunita ◽  
Taryono Taryono ◽  
Prapto Yudono
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Endosperm Tissue ◽  
Seed Deterioration ◽  
Seed Content ◽  
Deterioration Process ◽  
Histochemical Tests ◽  
Food Reserves

Oil palm backcross 1 is the result of the crossing between E. oleifera and E. guineensis, followed by backcrossing to one of its parents. It has several advantages, including slow height growth and good oil quality, thereby having the potential to be developed. However, it also has a short seed shelf life, which might be inherited from E. oleifera that has relatively quick seed deterioration. This is problem to the breeding program, and there have not been many studies on the seed deterioration process. A histological examination can determine the composition of food reserves in seed endosperm tissue. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the histochemistry of seeds concerning the process of seed deterioration. Histochemical tests with Sudan III, Milon, and IKI reagents were used as histochemical tests of fat, protein and carbohydrate seed content with different seed storage periods, i.e. 4, 3, 2, and less than 1 year. The result showed that the fat content decreased during the storage periods. Based on carbohydrates and proteins staining, there were only very few substances , which were difficult to distinguish among the storage periods, so that this analysis could not be used as the determining indicator of seed deterioration. The fat content was a determining factor of seed deterioration and quality. The oil palm seed storage up to 3-4 years led to the reduction in the fat content in significant quantities compared to the fresh seeds stored less than 1 year as they still contained a lot of fat in the cell.

Training Needs Assessment of Palm Oil Processors in Ijebu North Local Government Area, Ogun State

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-161
Author(s):  
Titilope Omolara Olarewaju ◽  
Felix Oaikhena Idumah ◽  
Agatha Itohan Oseghale ◽  
Lucy Adeteju Orumwense ◽  
Olugbenga Simeon Oke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Training Needs ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
Family Farms ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Training Needs Assessment ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Perceived Constraints

The study assessed training needs of palm oil processors in Ogun State, Nigeria. A well-structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from 90 palm oil processors. The data was analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Majority of the respondents were young, married, and experienced in palm oil processing. Women are mostly involved in palm oil processing using manual method of processing with oil palm fruits sourced more from family farms. Respondents require training for manual and mechanized processing methods. Socioeconomic factors have significant influence on different stages of palm oil processing. Poor extension service, high cost of labour, and processing machine were the most perceived constraints to palm oil processing in the study area. The study therefore concludes that there is need for training in oil palm processing. Extension service providers should intensify efforts in this regard so as to boost the palm oil supply both within and outside the country.

scholarly journals Investigation of Ergonomics Risk Factors for Musculoskeletal Disorders among Oil Palm Workers Using Quick Exposure Check (QEC)

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezrin Hani Sukadarin ◽  
Baba Md Deros ◽  
Jaharah Abd Ghani ◽  
Ahmad Rasdan Ismail ◽  
Maznon M. Mokhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunch ◽  
Actual Load ◽  
Risks Factors ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Postural Analysis ◽  
Crude Analysis ◽  
Pushing And Pulling

Oil palm workers perform daily activities that exposed themselves to various ergonomics risk factors. To harvest oil palm fruits from tall trees, specific technique is required. To quantify the ergonomics risks factors, postural analysis was conducted using Quick Exposure Check (QEC) system. It was found oil palm workers were exposed to many postural problems while performing harvesting and collecting fresh fruit bunch (FFB) activities. However, to quantify the actual load, many limitations of the QEC have been revealed such the missing of legs assessment, the crude analysis for arm and shoulder, no pushing and pulling assessment and the biased may be existed due to the workers perception on the ergonomics factors. Thus, it can be concluded that QEC system was not suitable for conducting postural analysis during harvesting in oil palm plantation especially in tall trees due to the above limitations.

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