Variety diversity effect on the chemical composition and dry matter degradation characteristics of residue and by-products of oil palm fruits

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musibau Adungbe BAMIKOLE ◽  
Uamai Julius IKHATUA
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Diversity Effect ◽  
Dry Matter Degradation ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
By Products

Inoculant effects on the fermentation quality, chemical composition and saponin content of lucerne silage in a mixture with wheat bran or corn husk

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 2249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jipeng Tian ◽  
Risu Na ◽  
Zhu Yu ◽  
Zhongkuan Liu ◽  
Zhenyu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Corn Husk ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Fermentation Quality ◽  
By Products

This study evaluated the effects of lactic acid bacteria inoculants on the fermentation quality and chemical composition of lucerne silage (A), a mixture of lucerne and wheat bran (A+WB), and a mixture of lucerne and corn husk (A+CH). The application rates of wheat bran in A+WB or corn husk in A+CH were 10%, 15%, and 20% of the whole fresh material. These different materials were treated with distilled water (Control), Lactobacillus plantarum 1 (LAB1), L. plantarum 2 (LAB2), L. plantarum 8 (LAB8) or a commercial inoculant (LALMAND) at a rate of 106 CFU/g of fresh forage. As the application rate of the by-products increased, the dry matter, lactate, propionate, and neutral detergent fibre (after heat-stable amylase treatment) contents increased, and the pH and the acetate, ammonia nitrogen, crude protein, and non-fibre carbohydrate contents decreased. The A+WB showed better fermentation quality than A and A+CH. The inoculants had beneficial effects on the silages, but the effects varied. The results indicate that the use of LAB1, LAB2, or LAB8 was better with A, whereas LALMAND was preferable for use with A+WB or A+CH. The saponin content decreased during ensiling and was positively correlated with the pH and the acetate and ammonia nitrogen content but negatively correlated with the dry matter content. The increase in the application rate of by-products and the addition of LALMAND further decreased the saponin content. Overall, the combined effects of the inoculants, by-products, and different application rates improved the fermentation quality and chemical composition and led to greater a reduction of saponin in lucerne silage, but the selection of suitable types and application rates of by-products and inoculants is essential.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF THE INCORPORATION OF REJECTS OF CASHEW NUTKERNELS IN SOWFEED ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MILK

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 794-798
Author(s):  
Yao Koffisylvanus Aubert ◽  
◽  
Brou Gboko Konan Gatien ◽  
Kadjo Vincent ◽  
Kimse Moussa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Large White ◽  
Food Ration ◽  
Lipid Contents ◽  
Set Up ◽  
By Products

In order to obtain more and more resistantpigletsduring lactation, thisexperimentwas set up. Its objective was to assess the quality of the milkproduced by the sowafter the use of new agricultural by-products in the feeding of lactatingsows.Thus, downgradedalmondswereintroducedinto the diets.Three types wereformulated and tested on threeseparate lots of 10 sows [(Large White x Pietrain) X (Landrace x Duroc)] each.Thesedietsconsisted of 0, 6 and 9% downgradedalmonds. Releases of cashew kernels in the food ration had no significanteffect on the dry matter, protein content of colostrum 1, 2, 3 and milk.In contrast, the use of 9% cashew kernelrejectssignificantlyincreased (P <0.05) the proportions of lipid in colostrums and in milk.The lipid contents increased by 1.07% 1.01% 1.05% and 1.10% respectively for colostrums 1, 2, 3 and milk. Thesehigherlipid proportions couldincrease the organicenergylevel of piglets and makethem more resistant to microbialattack.

scholarly journals Dry matter degradation kinetics of selected tropical forage in Nili-Ravi buffalo and Cholistani cows at heifer and lactating stages using NorFor in situ standards

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naeem Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Tropical Forage ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Dry Matter Degradation

Current methods of ruminant ration formulation in Pakistan use foreign-based nutrient availability values. These values may not be optimal for all geographic areas, as variation in environment, agronomic factors, animal species, and diet characteristics may not be considered. The aim of present study was to establish a database of the chemical composition and dry matter degradation parameters of tropical forage commonly fed to ruminants in Pakistan and South Asian countries using Nili-Ravi buffalo and Cholistani cattle at heifer and lactating stages. Six cereal grain and four legume species were grown in 3 locations under standard agronomic conditions and sampled at booting and at 50% flowering stage for cereal and legumes, respectively. Dried and milled feeds were analyzed for chemical composition and in situ dry matter degradation parameters using 1 g samples in bags placed in the rumen of 2 Nili-Ravi buffalo heifers, 2 lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes, 2 Cholistani heifers, and 2 lactating Cholistani cows. The forage family (cereal vs. legumes), species, and geographic location of growth significantly influenced (P < 0.001) chemical composition and in situ degradation fractions. Animal species and developmental stage showed no effect on degradation fractions (P > 0.05). Legume-by-heifer interactions significantly increased (P < 0.05), and legume-by-lactating cow interaction tended (P = 0.065), to increase the rate of degradation (Kd). The selected forages were degraded to a similar extent independent of animal species or developmental stage, and legumes are degraded at higher rates and to a greater extent than are cereals. A moderately significant relationship between Kd and effective dry matter degradability (DMD) suggests that Kd could be the single most important predictor of forage degradability in the rumen.

Chemical composition, dry matter and protein degradability coefficients of pistachio hulls silage treated with urea and molasses

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 164-164
Author(s):  
P. Vahmani ◽  
A.A. Nasserian ◽  
R. Valizadeh ◽  
J. Arshami ◽  
H. Nasirimoghadam
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Pistachio Nuts ◽  
By Products ◽  
Protein Degradability

Pistachio hulls are pistachio processing by-products produced during de-hulling of pistachio nuts soon after harvesting. Total pistachio by-products in Iran have been increased at an average rate of about 300000 Tons per year. Chemical composition of Pistachio hulls contained 12%CP, 5%EE, 34% NDF, 21% ADF, and 9% ash (DM basis). The dry matter content of fresh Pistachio hulls is about 28%. Reducing the moisture content of this by-product with dryer systems is a cost effective process and can not be applied by most of the producers. Finding other alternative methods for preserving and using this by-product is highly required. The objective of the present study was to assess changes in Pistachio hulls silage (PHS) quality associated with the inclusion of different levels of urea (U) and molasses (M), and to compare in situ DM and protein degradability of PHS with dried pistachio hulls (DPH).

scholarly journals Effects of replacement of para-grass with oil palm compounds on body weight, food intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen functions and blood parameters in goats

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-929
Author(s):  
C. Buranakarl ◽  
S. Thammacharoen ◽  
S. Semsirmboon ◽  
S. Sutayatram ◽  
S. Chanpongsang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
By Products

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of dietary supplementation with oil palm frond (leaf) (OPF) with and without oil palm meal (OPM) on nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal fermentation and growth performance in goats.Methods: Six female crossbred goats were fed for 28 days of 3 diet treatments; 100% paragrass (T1); 50% para-grass + 50% OPF (T2), and 30% para-grass + 50% OPF + 20% OPM (T3). Body weight, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, and urine volume, food intake, dry matter intake and water intake were measured daily. Nutrient digestibility was determined from five consecutive days of last week in each diet. Ruminal fluid, urine and blood were collected at the end for determination of rumen protozoa and volatile fatty acid contents, urinary allantoin excretion, blood cell count and chemistry profiles.Results: Goats fed T2 and T3 showed higher dry matter and nutrients intakes while protein digestibility was suppressed compared with those for T1. Crude fat digestibility declined in T2 but maintained after adding the OPM (T3). High fat intake by giving OPF and OPM corresponded to a higher ruminal acetate/propionate ratio (C2/C3) and serum cholesterol level. An increased urinary allantoin/creatinine ratio was found in T2 and T3 compared with T1, implying an increased number of ruminal microbes.Conclusion: Increased dry matter intake in T2 and T3 suggested that oil palm by-products are partly useful as a replacement for para-grass in goats. Replacement with the by-products increased plasma cholesterol level, which suggested that these products are a useful energy source. Changes in rumen parameters suggested an increased microbial number and activity suitable for acetate production. However, the limited digestibility of protein implies that addition of high protein feeds may be recommended to increase body weight gain of goats.

scholarly journals Use of by-products in a total mixed ration silage

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 3473-3480
Author(s):  
Daison Henrique Marocco ◽  
◽  
Patrick Favero ◽  
Rodrigo Guralski ◽  
Clovisnei Basi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Soybean Hulls ◽  
Product Availability ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Aerobic Stability ◽  
Orange Pulp ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
By Products

The objective of this study was to evaluated fermentation losses and silage quality with the addition of different by-products in TMR. A completely randomized design was used with four treatments: Control (CTL, with hay, corn silage, cracked corn, soybean meal, wheat bran and minerals); CTL plus the addition of fresh orange pulp (FOP); CTL plus soybean hulls (SBH) or CTL plus wet brewery wastes (WBW), with six replicates. The ingredients were mixed and ensiled in 24 PVC experimental silos. After 56 days of ensiling, fermentation losses (effluents, dry matter and gases), and the TMR silage pH and chemical composition were analyzed; aerobic stability was evaluated over seven days after the silos were opened. Lower dry matter (P ? 0.0001) was observed in TMR ensiled with wet (WBW and FOP) compared to dry (SBH) by-products. Greater ADF (P = 0.031) was observed in SBH when compared to others by-products. WBW and FOP increased dry matter (P ? 0.0001) and effluent losses (P ? 0.0001) when compared to CTL and SBH. SBH treatment remained stable after 176-hour, which differ (P = 0.0015) compared with the other treatments (range from 94.5 to 99 hours of exposure to air). The density (kg DM/m3) changed (P ? 0.0001) among treatments. The inclusion of SBH in TMR silages had the greatest density, followed by CTL, WBW and FOP. The density was negatively correlated with DM losses ( r= - 0,81; P ? 0.0001). The pH differ (P = 0.003) among treatments. Highest pH of TMR silage was observed for SBH (3,67) and the lowest (3,56) for FOP. Soybean hulls successful improved aerobic stability and density, whereas aerobic stability and density were decreased and fermentation losses increased when fresh orange pulp and wet brewery were used. Little effects on chemical composition were observed, thereby agro-industrial by-products can be used in TMR silages as long as there is adequate product availability and pricing.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document