Lipase activity, mesocarp oil content, and iodine value in oil palm fruits ofElaeis guineensis,Elaeis oleifera, and the interspecific hybrid O×G (E. oleifera×E. guineensis)

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 674-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Cadena ◽  
Fausto Prada ◽  
Aidé Perea ◽  
Hernán Mauricio Romero
Keyword(s):  
Iodine Value ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Palm Fruits

scholarly journals Impacts of the dry season on the gas exchange of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and interspecific hybrid (Elaeis oleífera x Elaeis guineensis) progenies under field conditions in eastern Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristihian Jarri Bayona-Rodríguez ◽  
Iván Ochoa-Cadavid ◽  
Hernán Mauricio Romero
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Photosyn Thesis

Elaeis guineensis palms and its interspecific hybrid (E. oleifera x E. guineensis) were planted in 2004 in the Cuernavaca farm of Unipalma S.A., located in the municipality of Paratebueno (Cundinamarca, Colombia). The palms were planted in two fields: Mecasaragua and Aurora. The first field has never been irrigated, and the second one (Aurora) has always been flood-irrigated during the dry season according to the parameters of the plantation. In this study, physiological parameters (gas exchange and water potential) were assessed in three seasons of the year 2013 (dry season, dry-to-wet transition season and wet season). Significant gas exchange differences were found among the seasons in the field with no irrigation (Mecasaragua). Likewise, differences between the genetic materials were observed during the dry season. For example, the photosyn thesis decreased by 75% compared with the palms planted in the irrigated field. No differences among seasons or materials were found in the irrigated field (Aurora). E. guineensis palms were more sensitive to water stress compared with the OxG interspecific hybrid. Both genetic materials responded rapidly to the first rains by leveling their photosynthetic rates and demonstrated an excellent capacity to recover from water stress.

scholarly journals Phenology of the oil palm interspecific hybrid Elaeis oleifera × Elaeis guineensis

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Hormaza ◽  
Eloina Mesa Fuquen ◽  
Hernán Mauricio Romero
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera

scholarly journals Development of Image Based Modeling for Determination of Oil Content and Days Estimation for Harvesting of Fresh Fruit Bunches

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd. Hudzari Razali ◽  
Wan Ishak Wan Ismail ◽  
Abdul Rahman Ramli ◽  
Md. Nasir Sulaiman ◽  
Mohd. Haniff Harun
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Fresh Fruit ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Outdoor Environment ◽  
Oil Palm Plantation ◽  
Fresh Fruit Bunches ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Relationship Of

In this study, the relationship of oil extraction rate (OER) and fruit ripeness will be determined. The sample of oil palm fruits was collected from the unripe until the overripe stage and the oil content of the mesocarp for fresh fruit bunches (FFB) was extracted by using bunch analysis procedure to get the oil extraction rate. Using the same samples of FFB, the pixel value of images which measure in hue, was determined by developed image analysis software. The images were captured under an outdoor environment in an oil palm plantation. The sunlight intensity of environment was recorded using Extech light meter at various times of the day from morning to afternoon in the oil palm plantation. The result of the experiment that showed a good relationship was found between the oil content of FFB with its image pixel values. The mathematical model was developed in determining the optimum days for FFB harvesting.

scholarly journals Heat treatment and germination of seeds of interspecific hybrid between American oil palm (Elaeis oleifera (H.B.K) Cortes) and African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanderlei Antônio Alves Lima ◽  
Ricardo Lopes ◽  
Márcia Green ◽  
Raimundo Nonato Vieira Cunha ◽  
Samuel Campos Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
African Oil Palm

The oil palm (E. guineensis ) is the African origin and the world's leading source of vegetable oil. The interspecific hybridization of the African oil palm (E. guineensis) with American oil palm (E. oleifera) aims to improve resistance to diseases, to improve oil quality and lower plant height. EMBRAPA (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Brazilian Corporation of Agricultural Research) has developed the first Brazilian interspecific hybrid cultivar (HIE) between American oil palm and African oil palm. The procedures adopted for commercial seed germination assessment have shown an average germination rate of 32%. The objective of this work was to assess the effect of the period of heat treatment and seed water content that are ideal for breaking dormancy and obtaining maximum germination. A completely randomized design was adopted, in a 4 x 3 factorial design, with four ranges of moisture contents: 18-19; 19-20; 20-21 and 21-22%, and three periods of heat treatment: 55, 75 and 100 days, with three replicates of 500 seeds. The percentage of germination, the first count and the germination speed index were assessed. To break dormancy and germination, the hybrids seeds of HIE, oleifera versus guineensis, should have their water content adjusted to values between 19 and 22%, and be subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 39 ± + 1 ºC and relative humidity of approximately 75% for 75 days.

Screening for lipase activity in the oil palm

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Sambanthamurthi ◽  
N. Rajanaidu ◽  
S. Hasnah Parman
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acid ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Activation Assay ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Selection For

The oil palm mesocarp contains an endogenous lipase which is strongly activated at low temperature. Lipase activity is thus very conveniently assayed by prior exposure of the fruits to low temperature. More than 100 oil palm samples from the germplasm collection of the Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia (now known as the Malaysian Palm Oil Board) were screened for nonesterified fatty acid activity using both the lowtemperature activation assay and a radioactivity assay. The results showed good correlation between assay procedures. The different samples had a very wide range of lipase activity. Elaeis oleifera samples had significantly lower lipase activity compared with E. guineensis (var. tenera) samples. Even within E. guineensis (var. tenera), there was a wide range of activity. The results confirmed that lipase activity is genotype-dependent. Selection for lipase genotypes is thus possible and this will have obvious commercial value.

Photosynthetic activity of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) and interspecific hybrid genotypes (Elaeis oleifera × Elaeis guineensis), and response of hybrids to water deficit

2021 ◽  
Vol 287 ◽  
pp. 110263
Author(s):  
Wilmer Tezara ◽  
Tania S. Torres Domínguez ◽  
Daniel W. Loyaga ◽  
Rene Nazareno Ortiz ◽  
Víctor H. Reynel Chila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera

scholarly journals Performance of fatty acid composition, iodine value, carotene content, height and height increment of oil palm interspecific hybrids

Food Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (S4) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
J. Alyasa ◽  
Shamsiah A. ◽  
A. Mohd Din
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Iodine Value ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Carotene Content

A total of sixteen oil palm interspecific hybrid progenies were evaluated for their fatty acid composition, iodine value, carotene content, height and height increment at Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) Bagan Datuk, Malaysia. Based on the results, unsaturated fatty acids were higher with a range of 60% compared to current breeding materials. Iodine value showed a considerable amount of the oil palm interspecific hybrid which was around 65. Carotene among some individuals showed an outstanding value of 3424 ppm. Height and height increment showed lower value than current breeding materials with an average 0.17 m height increment per year. Heritability values showed that the genetic component gave higher influence towards height and height increment while the fatty acid composition and carotene content were largely influenced by the environment.

scholarly journals Potensi fungisida organik untuk pengendalian Ganoderma pada tanaman kelapa sawit [Potency of organic fungicide to controle Ganoderma sp. of oil palm]

2017 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Happy WIDIASTUTI ◽  
Deden Dewantara ERIS ◽  
Djoko SANTOSO
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Palm Trees ◽  
Management Application ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Fruit Oil ◽  
Palm Fruits ◽  
Organic Pesticides

Ganoderma sp. is an important pathogen causes stem rot disease in the cultivation of oil palm. Control of Ganoderma sp. using formulas contain natural organic active ingredients being developed by Indonesian Research Institute for Biotechnology and Bioindustry. Organic fungicide in two formula i.e.   liquid  and  pasta was  applied for a  period  of 3 months by drenching the uncolonized tissue of stem. Five treatments tested were drenching applications of organic fungicide  1) per week in liquid formula, 2) every 2 weeks in liquid formula, 3) every 4 weeks in liquid formula, 4) every 4 weeks in paste formula, and 5) control. Each of the treatments was treated on the 25 palm trees. The performance of the plant and Ganoderma sp. were observed for five months and subsequential incubation continued for 2 months to analyzed the levels of N, P, K and Cu in the leaves and the oil content of the palm fruits while FFB production was observed from 7 up to 13 months after application. Results of the experiments showed that the application of organic fungicide increased the growth of palm roots and especially weekly application produced the best compared with other treatments. There was a tendency of opening of leaf spear and induce oil palm to form a female flowers, increased levels of N, P, and K particularly on the treatment of applications every two weeks. The production of fruit average (PFA) and weights bunches at 5 months after application seems to rise particularly in the application of organic fungicide every week. Palm fruit oil content based either on fresh or dry weight was higher in applications of organic fungicide every 2 weeks compared with other treatments.[Keywords: Ganoderma diseases management, application times, organic pesticides, mature plants]  AbstrakGanoderma sp. jamur penyebab penyakit busuk pangkal batang merupakan patogen utama pada tanaman kelapa sawit. Pengendalian Ganoderma sp. menggunakan formula berbahan aktif organik alami sedang dikembangkan Pusat Penelitian Bioteknologi dan Bioindustri Indonesia. Fungisida organik diberikan dalam jangka waktu 3 bulan  yang diaplikasi dengan cara terlebih dahulu mengikis batang sawit terserang hingga jaringan segar. Lima perlakuan yang diuji adalah aplikasi fungisida organik tiap  1) minggu dalam formula cair, 2) 2 minggu dalam formula cair, 3) 4 minggu dalam formula cair, 4) 4 minggu dalam formula pasta, dan 5) kontrol. Masing-masing perlakuan diaplikasi pada 25 pohon kelapa sawit. Keragaan tanaman dan Ganoderma sp. diamati selama lima bulan dan selanjutnya inkubasi dilanjutkan selama 2 bulan untuk analisis kadar hara N, P, K dan Cu daun dan kadar minyak buah sawit, sedangkan produksi TBS diamati dari 7 hingga 13 bulan setelah aplikasi. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian fungisida organik tiap minggu menghasilkan perakaran yang paling banyak dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.  Terdapat kecenderungan terjadi pembukaan daun tombak dan peningkatan jumlah pohon yang membentuk bunga betina, peningkatan kadar hara N, P, dan K khususnya pada perlakuan aplikasi fungisida organik tiap dua minggu. Rata rata  bobot  tandan  (RBT)  dan bobot tandan  pada 5 bulan setelah aplikasi nampak meningkat khususnya pada perlakuan aplikasi fungisida organik tiap minggu. Kadar minyak buah sawit baik berdasarkan  bobot basah maupun kering lebih tinggi pada perlakuan aplikasi fungisida organik tiap 2 minggu dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.  [Kata kunci: pengendalian Ganoderma, frekuensi aplikasi, fungisida organik, tanaman sawit menghasilkan]

scholarly journals Reassessment of the Genome Size in Elaeis guineensis and Elaeis oleifera, and Its Interspecific Hybrid

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. GEI.S15522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julceia Camillo ◽  
André P. Leão ◽  
Alexandre A. Alves ◽  
Eduardo F. Formighieri ◽  
Ana L.s. Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Hybrid Genome ◽  
Size Estimates ◽  
African Oil Palm

Aiming at generating a comprehensive genomic database on Elaeis spp., our group is leading several R&D initiatives with Elaeis guineensis (African oil palm) and Elaeis oleifera (American oil palm), including the whole-genome sequencing of the last. Genome size estimates currently available for this genus are controversial, as they indicate that American oil palm genome is about half the size of the African oil palm genome and that the genome of the interspecific hybrid is bigger than both the parental species genomes. We estimated the genome size of three E. guineensis genotypes, five E. oleifera genotypes, and two interspecific hybrids genotypes. On average, the genome size of E. guineensis is 4.32 ± 0.173 pg, while that of E. oleifera is 4.43 ± 0.018 pg. This indicates that both genomes are similar in size, even though E. oleifera is in fact bigger. As expected, the hybrid genome size is around the average of the two genomes, 4.40 ± 0.016 pg. Additionally, we demonstrate that both species present around 38% of GC content. As our results contradict the currently available data on Elaeis spp. genome sizes, we propose that the actual genome size of the Elaeis species is around 4 pg and that American oil palm possesses a larger genome than African oil palm.

VEGETATIVE AND BUNCH COMPONENTS OF FIRST PSEUDOBACKCROSS OF Elaeis oleifera BRAZIL AND SURINAME ORIGIN IN NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Heri Adriwan Siregar ◽  
Hernawan Yuli Rahmadi ◽  
Retno Diah Setiowati ◽  
Edy Suprianto
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Elaeis Oleifera ◽  
Almost All ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Hybrid Cross

An Attempt to combine the superior traits of Elaeis oleifera and Elaeis guineensis have been done through an interspecific hybrid cross and followed by pseudo-backcross 1 (pBC1). Observation of vegetative morphology and bunch components are presented in this paper. Two populations of pBC1 E. oleifera from the Suriname and Brazil origin were planted in 1990, 1993, 1995, and 2005, and were intensively observed for vegetative morphological properties and bunch components in November 2016 to February 2018. The results showed that almost all the individuals of pBC1 grew upright such as E. guineensis, no longer growing horizontally like the wild E. oleifera and the interspecific hybrid populations. The datas showed that the Suriname population plant architecture are compact or smaller than the Brazilian origin including the height increment and the size of the stem, the frond architecture and its components. Similarly, the bunch components show that the pBC1 Brazil is slightly superior to Suriname pBC1.

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