Environmental Assessment of Soil Along Highways (Novosibirsk)

These studies were performed for the first time at the territory of Novosibirsk. Some of the methods have not been previously used in environmental assessment along the major highways. The approbation of these methods can make a certain contribution to the theory of bioindication and biological testing (including the data on the environmental identity of individual species of plants and soil photoautotrophs). Using biological methods has allowed to evaluate the effects of living systems’ exposure to chronic pollution by vehicles’ emissions, which is impossible to achieve with traditionally used physicochemical methods that determine the concentration of certain pollutants only at a given time in a given sample. in the soils of Novosibirsk were found: 63 species of soil algae and cyanobacteria belonging to 42 geniuses, 38 families, 19 orders of 7 classes, 4 groups. Changes of taxonomic and phytocenological organization algocyanobacterial groups can serve as indicators of the environmental conditions, in particular, they can diagnose the degree of stress. The article demonstrates the possibility of applying biological methods to estimate the ecological state of technospheric territories.

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Classic Prescription, Kai-Xin-San, Ameliorates Alzheimer’s Disease as an Effective Multitarget Treatment: From Neurotransmitter to Protein Signaling Pathway

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2019/9096409 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sirui Guo ◽

Jiahong Wang ◽

Huarong Xu ◽

Weiwei Rong ◽

Cheng Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Pc12 Cells ◽

Protein Signaling ◽

Pi3k Inhibitor Ly294002 ◽

Single Target ◽

Biological Methods ◽

Cognition Impairment ◽

First Time

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a widespread neurodegenerative disease caused by complicated disease-causing factors. Unsatisfactorily, curative effects of approved anti-AD drugs were not good enough due to their actions on single-target, which led to desperate requirements for more effective drug therapies involved in multiple pathomechanisms of AD. The anti-AD effect with multiple action targets of Kai-Xin-San (KXS), a classic prescription initially recorded in Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang and applied in the treatment of dementia for thousands of years, was deciphered with modern biological methods in our study. Aβ25-35 and D-gal-induced AD rats and Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cells were applied to establish AD models. KXS could significantly improve cognition impairment by decreasing neurotransmitter loss and enhancing the expression of PI3K/Akt. For the first time, KXS was confirmed to improve the expression of PI3K/Akt by neurotransmitter 5-HT. Thereinto, PI3K/Akt could further inhibit Tau hyperphosphorylation as well as the apoptosis induced by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Moreover, all above-mentioned effects were verified and blocked by PI3K inhibitor, LY294002, in Aβ25-35-induced PC12 cells, suggesting the precise regulative role of KXS in the PI3K/Akt pathway. The utilization and mechanism elaboration of KXS have been proposed and dissected in the combination of animal, molecular, and protein strategies. Our results demonstrated that KXS could ameliorate AD by regulating neurotransmitter and PI3K/Akt signal pathway as an effective multitarget treatment so that the potential value of this classic prescription could be explored from a novel perspective.

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Molecular analysis of the microflora in chronic venous leg ulceration

Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.1099/jmm.0.05030-0 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 365-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

K.E. Hill ◽

C.E. Davies ◽

M.J. Wilson ◽

P. Stephens ◽

K.G. Harding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Individual Species ◽

Venous Leg Ulcer ◽

Bacterial Populations ◽

Cultural Methods ◽

Rdna Sequences ◽

Oral Microflora ◽

16S Rdna Sequences ◽

First Time

There is growing evidence to suggest that the resident microflora of chronic venous leg ulcers impairs cellular wound-healing responses, thereby playing an important role in maintaining the non-healing phenotype of many of these wounds. The significance of individual species of bacteria will remain unclear until it is possible to characterize fully the microflora of such lesions. The limitations and biases of culture-based microbiology are being realized and the subsequent application of molecular methods is revealing greater diversity within mixed bacterial populations than that demonstrated by culture alone. To date, this approach has been limited to a small number of systems, including the oral microflora. Here, for the first time, the comprehensive characterization of the microflora present in the tissue of a chronic venous leg ulcer is described by the comparison of 16S rDNA sequences amplified directly from the wound tissue with sequences obtained from bacteria that were isolated by culture. The molecular approach demonstrated significantly greater bacterial diversity than that revealed by culture. Furthermore, sequences were retrieved that may possibly represent novel species of bacteria. It is only by the comprehensive analysis of the wound microflora by both molecular and cultural methods that it will be possible to further our understanding of the role of bacteria in this important condition.

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Pearl Oyster: From National Icon To Guardian of Qatar's Marine Environment

University of the Future: Re-Imagining Research and Higher Education ◽

10.29117/quarfe.2020.0051 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alexandra Leitao BenHamadou1 ◽

Zenaba Khatir ◽

Noora Al-Shamary ◽

Hassan Hassan ◽

Zainab Hizan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Marine Environment ◽

Monitoring Program ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Pearl Oyster ◽

Ecological Effects ◽

Biological Organization ◽

Management Planning ◽

National Icon ◽

Biological Methods ◽

First Time

The NPRP9-394-1-090 project “Pearl Oyster: from national icon to guardian of Qatar's marine environment” had as main aim to develop and apply an integrated suite of chemical and biological methods as early warning tools to assess the “health” of Qatar’s marine environment. The central theme consisted in an investigative monitoring program around the use of the pearl oyster, Pictada imbricata radiata, as a sentinel or guardian species. We have characterized the main environmental contaminants of concern at a selected number of sites around the Qatari coast (UmmBab, Al Khor, Al Wakra and Simaisma), during 2 years, in summer and winter. Potential ecological effects of contaminants (targeted and untargeted) were investigated at different biological organization levels (gene, chromosome, cell, individual, population), through a multidisciplinary approach, using classical and genotoxicological endpoints, integrative histopathology and transcriptomic responses to the different environmental stresses. To our knowledge, this is the first time an integrated approach connecting all these disciplines has been applied in the Qatari marine environment. We present here the main results, of this 3 years project, obtained in all different disciplinary approaches. The results of this project will leave a legacy of resources for future Qatari researchers, including an open access transcriptome data base and the first description of common pathologies observed in the pearl oyster P. i. radiata. Moreover, they will also represent a sound science-based baseline data essential for conservation and management planning, by integration of the data from all the different disciplines applied in the project to assess the potential ecological effects of contaminants at different biological levels.

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A biodiversity hotspot for Microgastrinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) in North America: annotated species checklist for Ottawa, Canada

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.63.10480 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 633 ◽

pp. 1-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jose Fernandez-Triana ◽

Caroline Boudreault ◽

Joel Buffam ◽

Ronald Maclean

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

General Pattern ◽

Late Summer ◽

The United States ◽

Early Summer ◽

Individual Species ◽

Early Fall ◽

Two Peaks ◽

Annotated Checklist ◽

First Time

Microgastrinae wasps (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) from the city of Ottawa and its surroundings (a 50-km radius circle, ~7,800 km2) were studied based on 1,928 specimens collected between 1894 and 2010, and housed in the Canadian National Collection of Insects. A total of 158 species from 21 genera were identified, which is by far the highest number of species ever recorded for a locality in North America. An annotated checklist of species is provided.Choerasparasitellae(Bouché, 1834) andPholetesornanus(Reinhard, 1880) are recorded for the first time in the Nearctic (previously only known from the Palearctic region),Cotesiadepressa(Viereck, 1912) is recorded for the first time in Canada (previously only known from the United States), andCotesiahemileucae(Riley, 1881) andProtapantelesphlyctaeniae(Muesebeck, 1929) are recorded for the first time in the province of Ontario. In Ottawa the most diverse genera areCotesia,Apanteles,Microplitis,Pholetesor,Microgaster, andDolichogenidea, altogether comprising 77% of the species found in the area. A total of 73 species (46%) were represented by only one or two specimens, suggesting that the inventory for Ottawa is still relatively incomplete. Seasonal distribution showed several peaks of activity, in spring, summer, and early fall. That general pattern varied for individual species, with some showing a single peak of abundance either in the summer or towards the end of the season, others species attaining two peaks, in late spring and late summer, or in early summer and early fall, and yet others attaining up to three different peaks, in spring, summer and fall. At least 72 of the Microgastrinae species from Ottawa have been previously associated with 554 species of Lepidoptera as hosts – but those historical literature records are not always reliable and in many cases are based on data from areas beyond Ottawa. Thus, our knowledge of the associations between the 158 species of microgastrine parasitoids and the caterpillars of the 2,064 species of Lepidoptera recorded from Ottawa is still very incomplete.

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One-pot synthesis of the new Hydroxamic acid and its complexes with metals

Letters in Organic Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1570178619666220111121743 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

Author(s):

Gulu Abbasova ◽

Ajdar Medjidov

Keyword(s):

Nmr Spectroscopy ◽

Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽

Hydroxamic Acid ◽

Uv Spectroscopy ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

One Pot ◽

Ethanol Medium ◽

Physicochemical Methods ◽

Colored Complexes ◽

First Time

Abstract: A one-pot conversion of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthoic aldehyde to hydroxamic acid was described. An efficient photoorganocatalytic method of synthesis was developed. The obtained hydroxamic acid was identified by various physicochemical methods such as IR, UV- and NMR-spectroscopy. Solid colored complexes of copper (II) and iron (II), respectively, green and brown colours with the obtained hydroxamic acid were synthesized in ethanol medium for the first time. The molar ratio of ligand and metal in the complex was 2:1. Their structures were established using IR, UV- spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis.

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Variable impact of late-Quaternary megafaunal extinction in causing ecological state shifts in North and South America

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1505295112 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 113 (4) ◽

pp. 856-861 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Anthony D. Barnosky ◽

Emily L. Lindsey ◽

Natalia A. Villavicencio ◽

Enrique Bostelmann ◽

Elizabeth A. Hadly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Late Quaternary ◽

Critical Role ◽

Ecological Impacts ◽

Individual Species ◽

Ecological State ◽

Ecological Changes ◽

Two Factors ◽

Large Animals ◽

Short Time

Loss of megafauna, an aspect of defaunation, can precipitate many ecological changes over short time scales. We examine whether megafauna loss can also explain features of lasting ecological state shifts that occurred as the Pleistocene gave way to the Holocene. We compare ecological impacts of late-Quaternary megafauna extinction in five American regions: southwestern Patagonia, the Pampas, northeastern United States, northwestern United States, and Beringia. We find that major ecological state shifts were consistent with expectations of defaunation in North American sites but not in South American ones. The differential responses highlight two factors necessary for defaunation to trigger lasting ecological state shifts discernable in the fossil record: (i) lost megafauna need to have been effective ecosystem engineers, like proboscideans; and (ii) historical contingencies must have provided the ecosystem with plant species likely to respond to megafaunal loss. These findings help in identifying modern ecosystems that are most at risk for disappearing should current pressures on the ecosystems’ large animals continue and highlight the critical role of both individual species ecologies and ecosystem context in predicting the lasting impacts of defaunation currently underway.

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Regional oil wildlife response capability in northwest Australia—a collaborative approach by oil and gas operators and agencies

The APPEA Journal ◽

10.1071/aj14090 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 455

Author(s):

Gregory Harrison ◽

Nick Quinn ◽

Andrew Best

Keyword(s):

Oil Spill ◽

Environmental Assessment ◽

Working Group ◽

Oil And Gas ◽

Government Agency ◽

Collaborative Approach ◽

Marine Oil ◽

Contingency Plans ◽

First Time ◽

Northwest Australia

In January 2012, the National Offshore Petroleum Safety and Environmental Authority (NOPSEMA) took over the environmental assessment of environmental plans (EP) and oil spill contingency plans (OSCP) in Australia's Commonwealth waters. The requirement to demonstrate capability highlighted several areas of improvement to provide an effective oiled wildlife response (OWLR). An OWL working group was established by several operators with the initial agreement to engage the Australian Marine Oil Spill Centre (AMOSC) as the response agency. The working group of operators has now established an OWLR Plan that was developed in collaboration with AMOSC and the Department of Parks and Wildlife and has provided an industry and government agency coordinated approach to OWLR for the first time.

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Amerila (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae) of Cameroon with morphological remarks on male and female genitalia

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4674.2.8 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4674 (2) ◽

pp. 283-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

ŁUKASZ PRZYBYŁOWICZ ◽

VINCENT MAICHER ◽

GYULA M. LÁSZLÓ ◽

SZABOLCS SÁFIÁN ◽

ROBERT TROPEK

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Organs ◽

Biological Data ◽

Individual Species ◽

Regional Studies ◽

Field Sampling ◽

Male And Female ◽

Mount Cameroon ◽

Tiger Moths ◽

First Time ◽

Female Reproductive Organs

Amerila is one of the most studied Afrotropical genera of Arctiinae. However, based on a regionally constrained sample of specimens from Mount Cameroon, we show how superficial our knowledge on these tiger moths is. Among six collected Amerila species, A. femina’s female is described here for the first time, and A. mulleri and A. roseomarginata had never been recorded before in the country. Moreover, novel biological data are presented, including individual species’ elevational ranges. Finally, female reproductive organs of the genus are illustrated here for the first time. The value of such regional studies is highlighted, with some remarks on necessary requirements of such small-scaled field sampling.

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Blood Residues on Fluted Points from Eastern Beringia

American Antiquity ◽

10.2307/2694774 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 21-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Thomas H. Loy ◽

E. James Dixon

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Projectile Points ◽

Human Predation ◽

Pleistocene Mammals ◽

Game Hunting ◽

Biological Methods ◽

Fluted Points ◽

First Time ◽

Big Game Hunting

Blood residues have been microscopically and chemically detected on fluted projectile points from eastern Beringia. From these residues a variety of large mammal species, including mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius), have been identified using biochemical and molecular-biological methods. This is the first time a direct association has been made between the use of fluted projectile points and human predation of extinct fauna and other large Pleistocene mammals in arctic and subarctic North America. This suggests the northern fluted-point assemblages are part of the Paleoindian big-game hunting tradition that was widespread in North America at the close of the Pleistocene.

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Copper(II) complexes of glycylglycine and imidazole

Australian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1071/ch9680671 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 671 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

R Driver ◽

WR Walker

Keyword(s):

Formation Constant ◽

Physicochemical Methods ◽

First Time

As a result of an investigation of copper(11) complexes containing both glycylglyoine and imidazole, the following compounds are described for the first time: CuHA(Im)2ClO4,H2O, Cu2A2Im,8H2O, and CuAIm,H2O (H2A = glycylglycine = gg, HA = gg-, A = gg2-, and Im = imidazole). The complex CuA,3H2O has also been isolated and used to determine the formation constant of CuA+Im ↔ CuAIm. This has the value log K = 3.8 � 0.3. The structures of these compounds have been investigated by physicochemical methods and are discussed.

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