scholarly journals SPEEDS OF SPRING WHEAT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPENDING ON HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Marina Poskrebysheva ◽  
Rafael' Ismagilov
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Phenological Phases

Studies were conducted to study the effect of air temperature and the amount of precipitation on the growth and development of spring wheat plants. Analysis and quantitative description of the dependence of the duration of interphase periods was carried out by methods of correlation and regression analysis, changes in the duration of periods by calculating the coefficient of variation. For analysis, we used the results of long-term field observations (2014–2019) over the time of the onset of phenological phases in spring wheat varieties of the mid-ripe group in the Ural steppe, as well as published data of Davlekanovskiy GSU of the Republic of Bashkortostan for 1993–2016. An increase in temperature during all periods of vegetation accelerates the growth and development of plants, an increase in rainfall, on the contrary, slows down these processes. The change in hydrothermal conditions most strongly affects the duration of tillering – heading and heading – waxy ripeness periods. The coefficient of variation of their duration is 26.9 and 28.7, respectively. With an increase in air temperature by 1°C in the range of 11.3 ... 20.50С, the tillering-heading interfacial period decreases by 0.408 days, and the ripening of spring wheat grain (at a temperature of 10.7 ... 24.2°C) is accelerated by 0.424 of the day. An increase in precipitation by 10 mm in the range of 1.0 ... 126.2 mm slows the onset of heading by 0.39 days, waxy ripeness of grain (with a total of 0 ... 131.1 mm) - by 0.40 days. Statistical models of the dependence of the duration of interphase periods of growth and development of spring wheat plants on the amount of precipitation and average daily temperature can be used to predict the calendar dates of the onset of phenological phases and the operational adjustment of technological operations to care for sowing

scholarly journals SPEEDS OF SPRING WHEAT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT DEPENDING ON HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Marina Poskrebysheva ◽  
Rafael' Ismagilov
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Phenological Phases

Studies were conducted to study the effect of air temperature and the amount of precipitation on the growth and development of spring wheat plants. Analysis and quantitative description of the dependence of the duration of interphase periods was carried out by methods of correlation and regression analysis, changes in the duration of periods by calculating the coefficient of variation. For analysis, we used the results of long-term field observations (2014–2019) over the time of the onset of phenological phases in spring wheat varieties of the mid-ripe group in the Ural steppe, as well as published data of Davlekanovskiy GSU of the Republic of Bashkortostan for 1993–2016. An increase in temperature during all periods of vegetation accelerates the growth and development of plants, an increase in rainfall, on the contrary, slows down these processes. The change in hydrothermal conditions most strongly affects the duration of tillering – heading and heading – waxy ripeness periods. The coefficient of variation of their duration is 26.9 and 28.7, respectively. With an increase in air temperature by 1°C in the range of 11.3 ... 20.50С, the tillering-heading interfacial period decreases by 0.408 days, and the ripening of spring wheat grain (at a temperature of 10.7 ... 24.2°C) is accelerated by 0.424 of the day. An increase in precipitation by 10 mm in the range of 1.0 ... 126.2 mm slows the onset of heading by 0.39 days, waxy ripeness of grain (with a total of 0 ... 131.1 mm) - by 0.40 days. Statistical models of the dependence of the duration of interphase periods of growth and development of spring wheat plants on the amount of precipitation and average daily temperature can be used to predict the calendar dates of the onset of phenological phases and the operational adjustment of technological operations to care for sowing

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF SPRING WHEAT VARIETIES ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Николай Малов ◽  
Nikolay Malov
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Potential Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Phenological Phases

The article deals with the growth and development of spring wheat plants, depending on the variety in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic. The rate and rhythm of development of field crops, the time of onset of phenological phases and the duration of the vegetation period generally determine the hereditary nature of plant varieties and the cumulative effect of all factors of plant life. A variety is a biological foundation on which all other elements of high productivity are built and one of the main factors of stable production of spring wheat grain. Strong and valuable varieties of spring wheat with a high potential yield, good responsiveness to mineral fertilizers and changes in agrotechnics during cultivation, resistant to unfavorable weather conditions during the vegetative period of plants, lodging, diseases, forming strong grain quality are used for cultivation. In this case, the variety is considered as the cheapest and available means of increasing the productivity of plants. In our studies for all the years of research, the onset of phenological phases of development depended on both varietal features, meteorological conditions during the vegetative period of plants and the biological characteristics of the varieties under study.

scholarly journals AUTUMN GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF WINTER WHEAT PLANTS ON THE IRRIGATED LANDS DEPENDING ON HYDROTHERMAL CONDITIONS, VARIETIES AND TERMS OF SOWING

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
S. O. Zaiets
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Autumn Period ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Actuality. For the last few years the instability in grain productions in the Steppe zone has been observed that is mainly connected with the fluctuations of agrometeorological conditions and global climatic change. Climate change made corrections in terms of sowing of winter crops, which are one of the main factors of technological process, which productivity of the crops depends on. Goal. To determine the influence of agrometeorological conditions, varieties and terms of sowing on the growth and development of plants during the autumn period of vegetation when cultivating winter wheat varieties on irrigated lands. Methods. The researches were conducted at the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture NAAS using the methodology of field and laboratory experiments on irrigated lands (IOZ  NAAS, 2014). Results. During the study period it was determined that the hydrothermal conditions and the duration of the autumn period for winter wheat vegetation were significantly different. When sowing on the 20th of September, on the 1st of October, and on the 10th of October, the duration of the autumn vegetation period in 2016 was 56, 46 and 36 days, in 2015 - 100, 90 and 80 days and in 2017 - 114, 104 and 94 days respectively. When sowing on the 20th of October, winter wheat plants vegetated during 26, 70 and 84 days, respectively. Sowing terms affected winter wheat sprout population in different ways - when sowing on the 20th of September, it averaged to 372 plants/m2, on the 1st of October - 407 plants/m2, on the 10th of October – 386 plants/m2 and on the 20th of October - 392 plants/m2. It was determined that at different terms of sowing the plants entered in winter period with uneven growth and development. When sowing on the 20th of September all the varieties in autumn tillered, and in average for three years they created 4.1-5.0 shoots, developed more herbage mass of 713-761 g/m2 in comparison to other terms of sowing. The later wheat was sown, the less the plant tillering was, therefore, less herbage mass was formed. Conclusions. Agrometeorological conditions of autumn period and terms of sowing significantly affect the population of sprouts and growth processes of the plants of current winter wheat varieties. The highest plant population of all the varieties was formed when sowing on the 1st of October, the least one was formed by the varieties Mariia and Kokhana at early sowing on the 20th of September, and variety Ovidii – at early sowing on the 20th of September, and at late sowing on the 20th of October. That is, the Ovid variety is more responsive to the terms of sowing and to the deviation from the optimal (October 1) and leads to a decrease in the sprouting density. When sowing on the 20th of September and on the 1st of October all the varieties tillered intensively in autumn time, and they formed 4.1-5.0 and 3.3-3.7 shoots, respectively, developed more herbage mass comparatively to other terms of sowing -  713-761 and 313-381 g/m2 respectively. Having these terms of sowing the most intensive tillering was observed on the varieties Mariia and Kokhana, and when sowing in delayed terms no one variety had an advantage over the others.

scholarly journals FORECASTING OF SPRING WHEAT YIELD BY METEOROLOGICAL INDICATORS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE TETYUSHSKY DISTRICT OF THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-464
Author(s):  
Yu.P. Perevedentsev ◽  
I.D. Davlyatshin ◽  
A.A. Lukmanov ◽  
A.B. Mustafina
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Calculated Data ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Actual Yield ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the spring wheat yield in the Tetyushsky municipal district of the Republic of Tatarstan and meteorological parameters characterizing the temperature and humidity regime in the 50-year period 1970-2019 is considered. A multiple regression equation is obtained, where the predictors are the yield of spring wheat, and the predictors are the average precipitation for may-June, the average amount of precipitation for the growing season (may-August), precipitation for the year and June, air temperature for June, and the average air temperature for the period may-June. Correlations were found between individual meteorological parameters, as well as between the actual yield and meteorological indicators. It is shown that meteorological conditions (precipitation and air temperature) of the spring-summer period (may-June) have the greatest impact on the crop. Analysis of the regression equations showed that there is a satisfactory agreement between the actual and calculated data on spring wheat yield, which allows using them for predictive purposes.

scholarly journals Analysis and assessment of agroclimatic conditions of cultivation and yield of technical crops on the territory of Armenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
pp. 02005
Author(s):  
Varduhi Margaryan ◽  
Gennady Tsibulskii ◽  
Ksenia Raevich
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Actual Data ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Yielding Varieties ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
High Technologies ◽  
Phenological Phases

The necessary agroclimatic conditions for the growth and development of technical crops on the territory of the republic, the terms of the phenological phases, the prerequisites for the development of their cultivation space, the level of yield and crop yields have beenanalyzed and evaluated. As a source of information, the actual data of agrometeorological observations of the GEO «Center for Hydrometeorology and Monitoring» of the Ministry of Environment of the Republic of Armenia and the National Statistical Service are used. For the period 2012-2020, there is a tendency to reduce the acreage of technical crops. So that the Republic of Armenia is not only a country importing technical crops, but also an exporting country, apply modern high technologies of cultivation, expand irrigated areas, introduce new high-yielding varieties, pay special attention to more efficient use of microclimatic resources.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of using zeolite in the processing of spring wheat seeds

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00054
Author(s):  
Kamila Garafutdinova ◽  
Gulnara Rakhmanova ◽  
Elena Prishchipenko ◽  
Lilia Gaffarova
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Spring Wheat Variety ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The article presents the results of vegetation studies on dusting the seeds of agricultural crops with zeolite. The experiment used seeds of spring wheat variety Ulyanovskaya-105 and mechanically activated zeolite of the Tatar-Shatrashansk deposit of the Republic of Tatarstan. The activated zeolite was obtained by mechanical activation using a crushing and screening plant at OAO Zeolites of the Volga Region, the particle size is 0.20 mm. The effect of dusting seeds with zeolite in various doses (25 kg/t, 50 kg/t, 75 kg/t, and 100 kg/t) on the growth and development of spring wheat plants, as well as on the quality indicators of grain, has been evaluated. The results revealed a positive effect of agro mineral on such parameters as seed germination (increase by 2.0–12.0%), chlorophyll content in plants in the tillering phase (by 7.4–33.3%), as well as on morphometric and biochemical parameters - plant height (by 2.5% -10.1%), the number of grains in the ear (by 7.7%), plant biomass (by 1.7% -7.9%) and the protein content in the grain (by 0.6-4.2%).

ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY AND ECOLOGICAL PLASTICITY OF SPRING SOFT WHEAT VARIETIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Нижегородцева ◽  
Lyubov Nizhegorodtseva ◽  
Турнин ◽  
Sergey Turnin ◽  
Амиров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Ecological Plasticity ◽  
Spring Soft Wheat ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
The Republic

The article presents the results of studies on assessment the productivity and the plasticity of spring soft wheat varieties in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan. The groups of varieties, differing in yield and biometric indicators, were underlined. The high dependency of productivity of spring wheat varieties to plant height index at Tatarstan was shown.

scholarly journals A VARIETY IN THE SPRING WHEAT PROTECTION SYSTEM FROM LEAFY DISEASES

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Данил Асхадуллин ◽  
Danil Ashadullin ◽  
Дамир Асхадуллин ◽  
Damir Ashadullin ◽  
Нурания Василова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Brown Rust ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Brown Leaf ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Maximum Field

In 2018, 21 varieties of spring soft wheat were recommended for cultivation in Tatarstan, with a specific weight of 79.2% in the structure of the harvested area under spring wheat. Determining the degree of resistance to diseases of these varieties allows you to properly plan protective measures throughout the republic. Studies were conducted in 2015-2018 on the experimental fields of Tatar Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences. Varieties, recommended for cultivation, differ in the degree of field resistance to the main fungal diseases. The Ester and Zlata varieties have the maximum field resistance to powdery mildew (average 7 points), Chelyaba Stepnaya and Tulaykovskaya Nadezhda varities have the minimum (4 points). Most spring wheat varieties are susceptible to the local brown leaf rust population. The following varities remain resistant to leaf brown rust: Tulaykovskaya 10, Ekada 113, Tulaykovskaya 108, Arkhat, Ulyanovskaya 105, Tulaykovskaya Nadezhda. Moreover, the homogeneity of the genetics of most resistant varieties (caused by the resistance gene Lr19) does not allow epiphytoties of leaf brown rust in the future. According to the 2016-2018 studies, the least degree of stem rust damage was observed in the varieties: Tulaykovskaya 10, Ekada 113, Tulaykovskaya 108, Arkhat, Ulyanovskaya 105 and Tulaykovskaya Nadezhda, on average, 5-10%. There are no varieties, which are immune to stem rust. In 2017 in the conditions of the massive development of dark brown spotting, there were no signs of disease on the leaf of Kazanskaya Yubileinaya variety, the resistance of this variety is determined by the Sb1 gene. The maximum susceptibility to dark brown leaf spotting has the Simbirtsit and Idelle varieties. An integrated resistance to the studied diseases have varieties: Ekada 113, Tulaykovskaya 108 and Arkhat.

The effect of plant population and CCC on Spring wheat varieties with and without a dwarfing gene

1971 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. Lovett ◽  
E. J. M. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growth Analysis ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Dwarfing Gene ◽  
Final Harvest

SUMMARYThe growth and development of the spring wheat varieties Kolibri, Sirius and TB 435 ranging in height from relatively tall to semi-dwarf were compared when sown at 50, 200 and 800 plants m−2, with and without a spray application of CCC at the six-leaf stage. Growth analysis measurements were made throughout the season. Yield and yield components were determined at final harvest.A number of varieties x density and variety x CCC interactions were found which support the hypothesis that genotypic variation and environmentally induced differences in GA metabolism affect the agronomic performance of the crop.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF WEATHER CONDITIONS OF THE GROWING SEASON ON THE YIELD OF SPRING WHEAT AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE OB RIVER REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
I. N. Sharkov ◽  
S. A. Kolbin
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
June July ◽  
Selyaninov Hydrothermal Coefficient

The purpose of the study is to identify the dependence of spring wheat productivity on agrometeorological indicators of the vegetation period at various levels of nitrogen nutrition in the central forest-steppe of the Ob Region. Wheat of medium early varieties was grown in a wheat-barley crop rotation at doses N0, N30, N60 and N90 against the background of a full range of plant protection products. The correlation between wheat productivity and agrometeorological indicators was evaluated based on the results of 13 years of research. To characterize the hydrothermal conditions, we used the reserve of productive moisture in the soil, the amount of precipitation and air temperature, the Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient , and the Ponko wetting coefficient. Over the years, grain yield varied from 7.2 to 43.6 kg / ha, Selyaninov coefficient - from 0.18 to 1.67. The highest correlation coefficients (0.7–0.8) were obtained between wheat productivity and indicators of hydrothermal conditions in June - July. Moreover, with the amount of precipitation of this period, the dependence was positive, with air temperature - negative. No reliable relationship was found between grain yield and spring stock of productive moisture in the soil. The tightness of the relationship between wheat productivity and the Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient and Ponko hydration coefficient was the same, with the highest correlation coefficients also obtained for June – July. The increase in wheat grain from nitrogen fertilizer increased significantly as the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season improved. Based on the obtained values   of the fertilizer nitrogen payback by increasing the crop, it was concluded that the current price ratio - the sale of grain by the farms and their purchase of nitrogen fertilizers (approximately 1:7) is unfavorable for the development of intensive crop cultivation technologies.

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