Labor Productivity Elasticity by Production Factors in the Central Federal District of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Basovskaya ◽  
Leonid Basovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Central Federal District ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Labor Ratio ◽  
Capital Labor Ratio ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Positive Effect

To identify the determinants of labor productivity, correlation between labor productivity and various indicators were evaluated, reflecting the influence of a wide range of socio-economic and innovative factors in the regions of Russia for 2015-2018. It has been established that many indicators characterizing socio-economic and innovative factors do not have a significant relationship with labor productivity and are multicollenarity (they have correlation relationships among themselves). For each year, according to statistics from the regions of the Central Federal District of Russia, econometric models constructed in the form of a well-known standard internal linear function - an analogue of the Cobb-Douglas production function. The obtained models testify to a positive impact on the labor productivity of the capital-labor ratio, the level of export, the level of income distribution inequality, the number of workers engaged in research and development, which indicates the contribution of science to the spread of new technological structures in the economy. A significant positive effect on labor productivity of income inequality testifies to the action in the country of economic mechanisms operating in developed countries.

Production Functions of Labor Productivity in Modern Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Basovskiy ◽  
Elena Basovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Export Markets ◽  
Labor Ratio ◽  
Capital Labor Ratio ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Goods Market ◽  
Regions Of Russia

To identify determinants of labor productivity, correlation relationships of productivity of various indicators was evaluated, reflecting the influence of a wide range of socio-economic and innovative factors in the regions of Russia for 2015-2017. It has been established that many indicators characterizing socio-economic and innovative factors do not have a significant relationship with labor productivity and are multicollenarity (they have correlation relationships among themselves). For each year, according to statistics of 82 regions of Russia, econometric models in the form of a well-known standard internal linear function - an analog of the Cobb-Douglas production function are constructed. The obtained models indicate a positive impact on labor productivity, capital-labor ratio, foreign investment, wage levels, income inequality, inflation in industrial goods and export markets. The obtained simulation results showing a significant positive effect on labor productivity exerted by income inequality and the inflation rate on the industrial goods market, which indicates the action of economic mechanisms in the country in developed countries. When performing research, it was found that the positive impact of capital-labor ratio on productivity in 2015-2017 was reduced. This indicates a decrease in the efficiency of use of fixed capital in countries, about the crisis in the country's economy.

On the Influence of Production Factors on Labor Productivity in the Regions of the Central Federal District of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Elena Basovskaya ◽  
Leonid Basovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Income Distribution ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Export Activity ◽  
Central Federal District ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Fixed Assets

On the basis of econometric models of labor productivity in the regions of the Central Federal District, estimates of private - regional coefficients of labor productivity elasticity by productivity factors were obtained. Fixed assets are used most effectively in the Belgorod and Moscow regions and in Moscow. The least efficient use of fixed assets is in the Ivanovo, Bryansk and Tver regions. Mechanisms for stimulating labor productivity associated with inequality in income distribution function most effectively in Belgorod, Moscow regions and in Moscow. Mechanisms for stimulating labor productivity associated with inequality of income distribution are the least effective in Ivanovo and Bryansk regions. The most effective scientific activity is in the Belgorod and Moscow regions and in Moscow. The least effective scientific activity is in the Ivanovo and Bryansk regions. The most effective export activity is in the Belgorod and Moscow regions and in Moscow. The least efficient export activities are in Ivanovo, Bryansk and Kostroma regions.

Elasticity of Labor Productivity by Production Factors in the Regions of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Elena Basovskaya ◽  
Leonid Basovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Production Functions ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Labor Ratio ◽  
Capital Labor Ratio ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
Regions Of Russia

On the basis of models of production functions with an explanation level of 80-90%, built using cross-sectional data for the regions of the country, partial values of the coefficients of elasticity of labor productivity by production factors were obtained. Partial (regional) values of the coefficients of elasticity of labor productivity are calculated using the particular regression equations of models of production functions. The factors included the capital-labor ratio, wages, the price index of industrial goods, the coefficient of funds (an indicator of income inequality), the share of exports in the gross regional product. The regions are identified in which these factors have the maximum and minimum impact on labor productivity.

The Influence of Socio-Economic and Innovative Factors on Labor Productivity in the Central Federal District

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Leonid Basovskiy ◽  
Elena Basovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Federal District ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Academic Degrees

In order to identify the influence of socio-economic and innovative factors on labor productivity, econometric models were built based on cross-sectional statistics from the regions of the Central Federal District. It has been established that in order to increase productivity, it is necessary to increase investment in new fixed assets, foreign investment, the number of workers with higher education, the level of wages, develop transport infrastructure, expand the use of computers and the Internet, the number of researchers with academic degrees. In addition, the number of employees of territorial executive bodies should reduce, the number of university students and scientists with academic degrees should increase, the innovative activity of organizations should increase, and exports should be stimulated.

Influence of New Technologies and Human Capital on theContribution of New Ways to Economy of Regions of Central Federal District

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Леонид Басовский ◽  
Leonid Basovskiy ◽  
Елена Басовская ◽  
Elena Basovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Gdp Per Capita ◽  
Labor Ratio ◽  
Capital Labor Ratio ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
A Share

The updated econometric estimates of the influence of new technologies and human capital on the contribution of new technological structures to the per capita GDP in the regions of the Central and North-Western federal districts of Russia are obtained. The article estimates coefficients of elasticity of the contribution of new ways to GDP per capita by the use of the new technologies estimated by capital-labor ratio of work by new fixed assets and by the use of the human capital estimated by a share of busy workers with the higher education. In case of big sizes of coefficients of elasticity of the contribution of new ways to GDP per capita on the use of the new technologies estimated by capital-labor ratio of labor by new fixed assets it is reasonable to increase the investments into fixed assets of the region. In case of big sizes of coefficients of elasticity of the contribution of new ways to GDP per capita on the use of the human capital estimated by a share of busy workers with the higher education it is reasonable to increase, first of all, a share of workers with the highest education.

Effects of Human Capital on Profits of Russia’s Enterprises and Organizations

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 17-19
Author(s):  
Басовская ◽  
Elena Basovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Capital Assets ◽  
Labor Ratio ◽  
Capital Labor Ratio ◽  
Basic Capital

Through econometric models construction the author evaluates the effects of capital-labor ratio and human capital, where the latter is characterized by the employees’ educational level, on profits of enterprises and organizations, operating in Russia. In 2009 the capital-labor ratio and the human capital, as estimated by the employees’ educational level, could be considered responsible for no less, than 39% of profitability of enterprises and organizations. For the most part this effect is due to the capital-labor ratio, while the lesser, though essential part of the said effect is due to the employees human capital. It is shown, that the elasticity of profit in terms of employees human capital exceeds manifold the profit elasticity in terms of capital-labor ratio, meaning that the effect of changes in human capital level on the labor productivity exceeds manifold that of changes in capital-labor ratio. Therefore, to enhance the human capital through better education of employees is more beneficial, than to increase investments in basic capital assets.

The Main Factors of Labor Productivity in the Regions of the Central Federal District

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 4-8
Author(s):  
Leonid Basovskiy ◽  
Elena Basovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Information Economy ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
Advanced Degrees ◽  
Central Federal District ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
School Graduation

The transition to a postindustrial — information economy is capable of ensuring multiple growth in labor productivity. Until now, there is unequivocal opinion on the system of factors of economic growth and increase in labor productivity; research results are often contradictory. To identify factors that determine labor productivity, a correlation analysis of the relationships between labor productivity and indicators characterizing socio-economic and innovative factors in the regions of the Central Federal District is performed. It was revealed that in 2015, 2016 and 2017 labor capital, non-obsolete fixed assets, investments in fixed assets, foreign investments, employed workers with higher education, the level of wages and income inequality, the number of students, the development of transport infrastructure, the use of computers and the Internet, the number of employees engaged in scientific research developments, including those with advanced degrees, graduate school graduation, innovative activity of organizations, and exports had a significant effect. The number of employees in government bodies has a negative effect. The multicollenarity of the indicators characterizing the tested factors will allow us to consider that half of the identified factors are independent.

Growth Paths in the Solow Model with Alternative Trajectories of the Number of Workers

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-40
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Filipowicz ◽  
Robert Syrek ◽  
Tomasz Tokarski
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Special Functions ◽  
Error Function ◽  
Solow Model ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
Solow Growth Model ◽  
Nonstandard Growth ◽  
Labor Ratio ◽  
Capital Labor Ratio

The aim of the study is a comparative analysis of growth paths of basic macroeconomic variables (labor productivity and capital labor ratio) in the Solow growth model with three alternative assumptions about the trajectory of the number of workers. There are standard trajectory (the number of workers increasing exponentially), logistics trajectory (the number of workers is growing to the certain asymptote) and so-called Gaussian trajectory (the number of workers is similar to the density function of Gaussian distribution). In the result, nonstandard growth paths of macroeconomic variables are defined by certain functions compose with hypergeometric function and Gauss error function (so called Gaussian special functions). Moreover, labor productivity and capital labor ratio for logistic trajectory is growing to asymptote, which is located higher than in the original Solow model. The labor productivity and capital labor ratio for Gaussian trajectory of the number of workers increase to infinity.

The Effect of Unions on Productivity in a Multinational Manufacturing Firm

ILR Review ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert N. Mefford
Keyword(s):  
Production Function ◽  
Labor Relations ◽  
Multinational Firm ◽  
Management Performance ◽  
Manufacturing Firm ◽  
Labor Ratio ◽  
Labor Quality ◽  
Similar Line ◽  
Capital Labor Ratio ◽  
Positive Effect

This paper examines the effect of unions on productivity in 31 plants of a large multinational firm in the years 1975–82. The plants, 60 percent of which are unionized, all produce a similar line of products using material-intensive, labor-intensive, low-technology methods. Results obtained by estimating a translog production function indicate that unionization's overall effect on productivity is positive. Specific findings are that unionization increases the capital-labor ratio and improves management performance, but it also raises the absenteeism rate. A net positive effect on productivity remains even when these channels of union influence are controlled for, a result that, the author suggests, may reflect an improved labor relations climate or improved labor quality associated with unionization.

The Elasticity of Labor Productivity by Factors of Production in Modern Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Leonid Basovskiy ◽  
Elena Basovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Gross Regional Product ◽  
Export Share ◽  
Producer Price ◽  
Labor Ratio ◽  
Capital Labor Ratio ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The correlation between labor productivity and indicators reflecting the influence of socio-economic and innovative factors in the regions of Russia for 2015-2018 were evaluated. For each year, according to statistics from 82 regions of Russia, econometric models are constructed that allow obtaining elasticity coefficients of labor productivity by capital-labor ratio, foreign investment, average monthly wage, income inequality, producer price index of industrial goods, export share in gross regional product. The prospects of economic policy aimed at increasing labor productivity were estimated.

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