scholarly journals Trends in Prevalence and the Differentials of Unhealthy Dietary Habits by Maternal Education Level among Korean Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-143
Author(s):  
Yunseo Chung ◽  
Kyunghee Jung-Choi ◽  
Bo Young Kim ◽  
Kyoung Ae Kong
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Education ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Korean Adolescents

Maternal educational inequalities about adverse pregnancy outcomes observed in a rural area of a province of China during a time period (2010–2018)

2022 ◽  
pp. jech-2021-217754
Author(s):  
Lixin Li ◽  
Yanpeng Wu ◽  
Yao Yang ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
Yan Zhuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Educational Inequalities ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

BackgroundThe relationship between maternal education and adverse pregnancy outcomes is well documented. However, limited research has investigated maternal educational disparities in adverse pregnancy outcomes in China. This study examined maternal educational inequalities associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in rural China.MethodsWe conducted a population-based cohort study using participants enrolled in the National Free Preconception Health Examination Project in Yunnan province from 2010 to 2018. The primary outcome was stillbirth, and the secondary outcome was adverse pregnancy outcomes, defined as a composite event of stillbirth, preterm birth or low birth weight. The study was restricted to singleton births at 20–42 weeks’ gestation. Univariate and multivariate log-binomial regression models were performed to estimate crude risk ratios (RRs) and confounding-adjusted RRs (ARRs) for stillbirth and adverse pregnancy outcomes according to maternal education level.ResultsA total of 197 722 singleton births were included in the study. Compared with mid-educated women, low-educated women were at a significantly increased risk of stillbirth (ARR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.38) and adverse pregnancy outcomes (ARR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.16). However, the risk of stillbirth (ARR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.35) was significantly higher for high-educated women compared with mid-educated women.ConclusionCompared with women with medium education level, women with lower education level were more likely to experience adverse pregnancy outcomes, including stillbirth, and women with higher education level were more likely to experience stillbirth.

scholarly journals Comparison of national cross-sectional breast-feeding surveys by maternal education in Europe (2006–2016)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 848-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Sarki ◽  
Alexandr Parlesak ◽  
Aileen Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Member States ◽  
Mandatory Education ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Low Education

AbstractObjectiveBreast-feeding is an important determinant of health of mothers and their offspring. The present study aimed to compare breast-feeding rates across Europe disaggregated by maternal education and establish what proportion achieves at least 50 % exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) at 6 months.Design/SettingSecondary analysis of national or sub-national studies’ breast-feeding data for EU Member States plus Norway and Iceland, published in 2006–2016. Nineteen EU Member States plus Norway reported rates of EBF and any breast-feeding disaggregated by maternal education, of which only thirteen could be matched to the International Standard Classification of Education.ParticipantsMothers and their infants aged 0–12 months.ResultsData on EBF rates at 6 and 4 months were found in only four and six countries, respectively. At 6 months, EBF rates of 49 % in Slovakia and 44 % in Hungary were closest to WHO’s target of at least 50 % EBF. At 4 months, mothers with high education level in Denmark, the Netherlands and Germany had the highest EBF rates (71, 52 and 50 %, respectively). Mothers with low education level were less likely to initiate breast-feeding and cessation occurred early. The inequality gap ranged from 63 % in Irish mothers to no gap or very low levels of inequality in Poland, Sweden and Norway.ConclusionsMore mothers with high, compared with low, education initiate breast-feeding and practise EBF for longer. More European policies should be targeted to protect, support and promote breast-feeding, especially among mothers with only mandatory education.

scholarly journals Iron-deficiency anemia and associated factors among preschool children in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Luciana Neri NOBRE ◽  
Angelina do Carmo LESSA ◽  
Hilda Christiane de OLIVEIRA ◽  
Joel Alves LAMOUNIER ◽  
Sylvia do Carmo Castro FRANCISCHINI
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Iron Depletion ◽  
The City

ABSTRACT Objective: Study the prevalence of iron depletion and iron-deficiency anemia and their associated factors in preschool children. Methods: Cross-sectional study with five-year old preschool children from a birth cohort of the city of Diamantina, Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Socioeconomic, demographic, and dietary characteristics were obtained through a questionnaire administered to each child mother or guardian. Iron depletion (normal hemoglobin and low serum ferritin levels) and iron-deficiency anemia (hemoglobin level than 11g/dL) were detected after collecting 5mL of venous blood of preschool children. Poisson regression was used to identify the factors associated with iron depletion and iron-deficiency anemia. Results: A total of 228 preschool were evaluated, corresponding to 97.4% of the children from a cohort study followed-up up to the end of their first year of life. Iron depletion and iron-deficiency anemia were detected, respectively, in 15.9% and 18.9% of the preschool children evaluated. Iron depletion was not associated with any variable studied, while low maternal education level was associated with iron-deficiency anemia (PR=1.83; P=0.03). Conclusion: Iron-deficiency anemia is considered as a mild public health problem among 5-year old children in the city of Diamantina, Minas Gerais. Higher maternal education level was a protective factor against this deficiency, and therefore it is as an important marker for the occurrence of iron-deficiency anemia in the population studied.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Untreated Early Childhood Caries of 5-Year-Old Children in Hong Kong: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 11934
Author(s):  
Faith Miaomiao Zheng ◽  
Iliana Gehui Yan ◽  
Duangporn Duangthip ◽  
Sherry Shiqian Gao ◽  
Edward Chin Man Lo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Childhood Caries

This cross-sectional survey investigated untreated early childhood caries (ECC) and its associated factors among 5-year-old children in Hong Kong. Children were recruited using a multistage sampling method. One dentist examined the children in kindergarten to diagnose untreated ECC (dt) at the cavitation level. Each child’s demographic information, snacking behaviour, and oral health-related practice were collected using a parental questionnaire. The relationships between the untreated ECC and demographic information, snacking behaviours, and oral health-–related practice were analysed by zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression analysis. This survey recruited 404 children. Their dt score was 2.8 ± 3.8. The significant untreated ECC (SiUC) index, which was one-third of the children with the highest dt score, was 7.1 ± 3.6. Their untreated ECC prevalence was 57%, which was associated with the district the child lived in. Most children with untreated ECC (71%, 164/231) had never visited a dentist. Children who brushed without toothpaste had more untreated ECC. Children coming from low-income families and with a lower maternal education level had a higher risk of ECC. In conclusion, untreated ECC was prevalent and unevenly distributed among 5-year-old children in Hong Kong. Its prevalence was associated with toothpaste use, family income, maternal education level and the district they lived in.

scholarly journals Dietary Habits Associated with Anemia Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Services

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyasiro S Gibore ◽  
Agatha F Ngowi ◽  
Mariam J Munyogwa ◽  
Mwanaisha M Ali
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Prevalence Of Anemia

Abstract Background Anemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality of pregnant women and increases the risks of fetal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Approximately 50% of all anemia is estimated to be caused by low dietary intake of iron, poor absorption of dietary iron, or blood loss. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence and assess the dietary habits associated with anemia among pregnant women receiving antenatal care in Unguja Island, Tanzania. A cross-sectional study was conducted to select 338 pregnant women at Kivunge, Mwembeladu and Mnazimmoja hospitals from March to June, 2018. Hemoglobin concentration was measured using a HemoCue photometer on capillary blood. Sociodemographic data and dietary habits were collected using a structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using the SPSS version 21.0. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the predictors of anemia among pregnant women. The overall prevalence of anemia was 80.8%. Of these 68.64% had mild anemia, 11.24% had moderate anemia and 0.89% had severe anemia. Anemia was significantly associated with inadequate dietary diversity (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.16, 95%CI = 0.57–2.36, p < 0.05), drinking tea or coffee with meal (AOR = 0.06, 95%CI = 0.03–0.13, p < 0.001), consuming less than three meals per day (AOR = 2.92, 95%CI = 1.60–5.84, p < 0.001), higher education level (AOR = 3.4, 95%CI = 1.6–7.2, p < 0.0001), birth interval of less than two years (AOR = 3.6, 95%CI = 1.1–11.9, p < 0.05) and multigravida (AOR = 1.2, 95% = 0.3–4.4, p < 0.0001). The prevalence of anemia in this study demonstrates a severe public health problem among pregnant women. Inadequate dietary diversity coupled with inadequate daily meal intake and consumption of tea or coffee were the dietary habits predictors of anemia among pregnant women. Other predictors of anemia were higher education level, multigravida and birth interval of less than two years. Nutrition policy interventions are needed in order to complement antenatal care services by providing important information on healthy eating habits during pregnancy.

scholarly journals The Effects of Socioeconomic Status, Parental Education Level, Oral and Dental Health Practices, Dietary Habits and Anthropometric Measurements on Dental Health in 12-Year-Old School Children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyan ASLAN CEYLAN ◽  
YUSUF ASLAN ◽  
AYSE OZFER OZCELİK
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Health Practices ◽  
Parental Education Level

Abstract Background Dental caries is the most common progressive chronic disease in school-age children with an increasing prevalence as children grow up. This study aims to examine the effects of socioeconomic status, parental education level, oral and dental health practices, dietary habits and anthropometric measurements on dental health in 12-year-old schoolchildren. Methods The sample of the study consisted of 254 children (44.1% boys and 55.9% girls) in three schools, which were identified as low, moderate and high socioeconomic status. Results It was found that 70.9% of the children have dental caries on their permanent teeth. The frequency of seeing a dentist, the status of receiving oral and dental health education and the frequency of changing toothbrush vary according to the socioeconomic status. Oral and dental health indicators were determined to be affected by the frequency and duration of tooth brushing. It was found that dmft values of the children consuming molasses and table sugar are higher. There is a negative correlation between oral and dental health indicators and anthropometric measurements and parental education level. Conclusions Dietary habits, anthropometric measurements, oral and dental health practices, gender, and parental socioeconomic status and education level were shown to be effective on caries risk.

scholarly journals The occurrence of periodontal diseases and its correlation with different risk factors among a convenient sample of adult Egyptian population: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 1740
Author(s):  
Marwa M.S. Abbass ◽  
Dina Rady ◽  
Israa Ahmed Radwan ◽  
Sara El Moshy ◽  
Nermeen AbuBakr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Or Education ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Egyptian Population

Background: Even though extensive studies on the prevalence of periodontal diseases in various populations worldwide have been carried out, data for the Egyptian population is limited.  The present study was carried out to evaluate the occurrence and the severity of periodontal disease and its correlation with different risk factors. Methods: Periodontal examination was performed on 343 adults attending the outpatient clinics of the Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, as well as three private clinics. Socio-demographic data, brushing frequency, body mass index (BMI) and dietary habits were recorded using a questionnaire. Results: It was found that 58.9% of participants had calculus deposits. The occurrence of periodontitis was 89.8%, where 70.8% of participants had stage I and 15.2% had stage II, while only 4.4% and 2.05% suffered from stage III and stage IV, respectively. Calculus was positively correlated with age, grains, and sugar in drinks and negatively correlated with socioeconomic status, education level, brushing frequency and milk. Calculus was not correlated with gender and BMI. Periodontitis was positively correlated with age, carbohydrates other than bread, grains, and crackers, as well as caffeinated drinks, while negatively correlated with gender, socioeconomic status, brushing frequency. Periodontitis was not correlated with BMI or education level. Conclusion: The present study clarifies that age, brushing frequency, carbohydrates and caffeinated drinks consumption are significant factors influencing the occurrence and the severity of periodontal diseases.

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