scholarly journals Effect of Lessepsian Immigrant Species on Demersal Catches Operating Along the Egyptian Mediterranean Waters

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Amal E. Philips ◽  
Evelyn Ragheb ◽  
Shnoudy A. Bakhoum
Keyword(s):  
Immigrant Species

The non-marine invertebrate fauna of Deception Island (Maritime Antarctic): a baseline for a comprehensive biodiversity database

Polar Record ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (199) ◽  
pp. 297-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.H. Downie ◽  
P. Convey ◽  
S.J. McInnes ◽  
P.J.A. Pugh
Keyword(s):  
Marine Invertebrate ◽  
South American ◽  
Deception Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctic ◽  
Invertebrate Fauna ◽  
American Immigrant ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Small Collection ◽  
Biodiversity Database ◽  
Immigrant Species

AbstractA small collection of samples from terrestrial and fresh-water habitats on Deception Island in the Maritime Antarctic South Shetland archipelago yielded 14 invertebrate taxa, including four species, which are new to the island. The database of the total Deception fauna contains 57 invertebrate taxa. These, like the flora, show evidence of posteruption colonisation by Antarctic and South American immigrant species, and historic human impact. This baseline inventory allows future monitoring of natural and anthropogenic changes to invertebrate fauna of Deception Island.

Insects found in birds’ nests from the Neotropical Region (except Argentina) and immigrant species of Neotropical origin in the Nearctic Region

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2187 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
OSVALDO DI IORIO ◽  
PAOLA TURIENZO
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Antarctic Region ◽  
Present Contribution ◽  
Neotropical Birds ◽  
The World ◽  
Immigrant Species ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Nearctic Region

Neotropical birds’ nests have received a great deal of attention because sylvatic species of Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) and parasitic flies of the genus Philornis (Diptera: Muscidae) were discovered inside them. Those insects known in birds’ nests from Argentina, the chacoan region of Bolivia, and the southern portion of Brazil and Uruguay were extensively but not completely summarized by Turienzo & Di Iorio (2007). The present contribution summarizes all insects known to occur in birds’ nests from the Neotropical Region (except for Argentina and the Antarctic Region of adjacent countries), updating Hicks’ catalogues for this part of the world. Regarding birds, the list comprises 172 taxa identified to species (in 38 families), 8 to genus (in 6 families), 6 to family (in 4 families), and 27 birds´nests not identified. Regarding insects of the Neotropical region, 123 were identified to species (13 Blattaria; 5 Coleoptera; 26 Diptera; 34 Hemiptera; 15 Hymenoptera; 23 Psocoptera; 6 Siphonaptera; 1 Thysanura), 96 to genus (5 Blattaria; 8 Coleoptera; 48 Diptera; 4 Hemiptera; 6 Hymenoptera; 25 Psocoptera), 63 to superfamily, family or subfamily (1 Blattaria; 21 Coleoptera; 10 Diptera; 7 Hemiptera; 14 Hymenoptera; 1 Isoptera; 3 Orthoptera; 5 Psocoptera; 1 Thysanoptera), and 34 to order (6 Blattaria [including 1 Mantodea]; 6 Coleoptera; 3 Diptera; 3 Embioptera; 2 Hemiptera; 3 Hymenoptera; 1 Thysanoptera; 2 Isoptera; 4 Lepidoptera; 1 Orthoptera; 1 Phthiraptera; 2 Psocoptera). Associations of Neotropical insects with birds´nests were extracted from 392 references including original and posterior citations. Some North American species of insects that are neotropical immigrants are discussed, while a few other had been accidentally introduced in both directions. Synonymies, old combinations, misidentifications, original localities, amounts of insects, and repositories when they were stated, are provided.

Mediterranean fish biodiversity: an updated inventory with focus on the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3263 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER NICK PSOMADAKIS ◽  
STEFANO GIUSTINO ◽  
MARINO VACCHI
Keyword(s):  
Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Ligurian Sea ◽  
Mediterranean Areas ◽  
Thermophilic Species ◽  
Atlantic Origin ◽  
Southern Mediterranean ◽  
Southern Tyrrhenian Sea ◽  
Immigrant Species ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Mediterranean Fish

In this paper we update the Mediterranean fish inventory, analyse the biogeographic features of this fauna and provideexhaustive biodiversity data for the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas. According to the data available in 2010, the Mediterraneanfish diversity can be summarized as follows: 602 (including sub-species) bony fish species (Osteichthyes), 79 cartilaginous fishspecies (Chondrichthyes) and 3 cyclostomes (Agnatha); making a total of 684 species belonging to 173 families (147Osteichthyes, 24 Chondrichthyes, 2 Agnatha). Most species 403 (58.9%) have an Atlantic origin, 128 (18.7%) species arecosmopolitan, 90 (13.2%) species are Indo-Pacific, and 63 (9.2%) are endemic to the Mediterranean. In the Ligurian Sea,northern Tyrrhenian and southern Tyrrhenian Sea, the richness can be estimated at 454, 426 and 447 species, respectively. Themost speciose families for the Mediterranean as a whole, but also for the three intra-mediterranean areas studied are theGobiidae, Sparidae, Labridae and Blenniidae; whereas Carangidae is a numerically important family mainly at theMediterranean level. The percentage of endemic fishes within the intra-mediterranean areas studied gradually decrease acrosslatitude from the Ligurian Sea (9.4%) to the northern (8.7%) and southern (8.0%) Tyrrhenian Sea. The updated fish inventorycontains 81 Lessepsian and 48 Atlantic immigrant species, which represent 11.8% and 7.0% of the whole Mediterranean fishcommunity, respectively. The Ligurian Sea (3.1%) houses a higher amount of immigrants with respect to the northern (1.6%)and southern (2.7%) Tyrrhenian sectors.Field observations made during this study indicate that both the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas are presently subjected toincreasing colonization events by thermophilic species spreading from the southern Mediterranean and to a lesser degree by the arrival of exotic species either of Atlantic or Indo-Pacific origin.

An Experimental Approach to the Reclamation of a Limestone Quarry Floor: The First Three Years

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean M. Dixon ◽  
David J. Hambler
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Limestone Quarry ◽  
Pioneer Vegetation ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Immigrant Species ◽  
Moss Community

‘Three-inch [7.5 cm] crusher-run’ limestone proved entirely suitable as a substratum for the rapid establishment of pioneer vegetation on a quarry floor, but only with the addition of fertilizers. A manure derived from sewage and an NPK fertilizer mixture proved suitable additives. A grass variety (Festuca rubra var. fallax Hack.) was sown, and became established on the substratum treated with either additive. Immigrant mosses soon became dominant in a grass/moss community on the manured substratum, whilst F. rubra retained its ascendancy on the NPK-treated material. The moss-dominated community was not attractive to Rabbits, whereas the grass-dominated community proved attractive to these animals which are accepted as beneficial for conservation in this particular context.Further observations are required to assess (a) whether the by-passing of a cryptogamic stage in the prisere encouraged by the NPK mixture is a worthwhile objective, (b) whether the observed dominance of mosses encouraged by manure will be broken by F. rubra, and (c) whether the establishment of desirable immigrant species occurs differentially between the treatments. Meanwhile a perceptible degree of rehabilitation within three years may be claimed as a result of treatments producing a total plant cover of between 40% and 70%.

Genetic composition of resident populations influences establishment success of immigrant species

Oecologia ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc De Meester ◽  
Gerald Louette ◽  
Cathy Duvivier ◽  
Celien Van Damme ◽  
Erik Michels
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Establishment Success ◽  
Resident Populations ◽  
Immigrant Species

scholarly journals Multiple macroevolutionary routes to becoming a biodiversity hotspot

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. eaau8067 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Igea ◽  
A. J. Tanentzap
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Spatial Complexity ◽  
Immigrant Species

Why is species diversity so unevenly distributed across different regions on Earth? Regional differences in biodiversity may stem from differences in rates of speciation and dispersal and colonization times, but these hypotheses have rarely been tested simultaneously at a global scale. Our study reveals the macroevolutionary routes that have generated hotspots of mammal and bird biodiversity by analyzing the tempo and mode of diversification and dispersal within major biogeographic realms. Hotspots in tropical realms had higher rates of speciation, whereas those in temperate realms received more immigrant species from their surrounding regions. We also found that hotspots had higher spatial complexity and energy availability, providing a link between the environment and macroevolutionary history. Our study highlights how assessing differences in macroevolutionary history can help to explain why biodiversity varies so much worldwide.

Immigration of southern fish species to south-west England linked to warming of the North Atlantic (1960–2001)

2002 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R.D. Stebbing ◽  
S.M.T. Turk ◽  
A. Wheeler ◽  
K.R. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Water Fish ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Immigrant Species ◽  
The Uk ◽  
South West England

Evidence is provided that warming of the North Atlantic is responsible for the northward extensions of the ranges of warm water fish species, causing increasing numbers of southern immigrant species to appear off the Cornish coast of the UK. The increasing number of immigrant species is significantly correlated with temperature increases in the North Atlantic over the last 40 years.

Road construction enables establishment of a novel predator category to resident anuran community: a case study from a primary lowland Bornean rain forest

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Konopik ◽  
Karl-Eduard Linsenmair ◽  
T. Ulmar Grafe
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest ◽  
The Road ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Immigrant Species ◽  
The Impact

Abstract:For a total of 17 mo, we investigated the impact of a road constructed through pristine tropical lowland rain forest, on the composition and structure of the resident anuran community in the Ulu Temburong National Park (Brunei Darussalam). One year after road construction, eight new anuran species had immigrated into the impacted area. Encounter surveys were conducted and radio-transmitters attached to a total of 16 frogs to identify habitat use and distribution of the largest (>130 mm SVL) immigrant species (Limnonectes ingeri) in comparison with a similar sized resident congener. A strong preference for roadside habitat was found for the immigrant. However, several incursions of more than 500 m beyond the road into the pristine forest were also recorded. Over 200 stomach content samples as well as stable nitrogen isotope ratios of 76 individuals were used to assess the trophic ecology of the two species. Invertebrate diet composition did not differ. However, the immigrant species ate over 400% more frogs than its resident congener and had a significantly higher δ15N ratio, indicating a higher position in the food web. This suggests that L. ingeri acts as a new top frog predator in the system and indicates that it may have a significant negative impact on the local anuran community. Overall, road construction in the absence of logging has led to the immigration of new frog species with impacts far beyond the linear disturbance of the road itself.

scholarly journals Different macroevolutionary routes to becoming a biodiversity hotspot

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Igea ◽  
A. J. Tanentzap
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspot ◽  
Energy Availability ◽  
Spatial Complexity ◽  
Immigrant Species

AbstractWhy is species diversity so unevenly distributed across different regions on Earth? Regional differences in biodiversity may stem from differences in rates of speciation and dispersal and colonization times, but these hypotheses have rarely been tested simultaneously at a global scale. Here we uncovered the routes that generated hotpots of mammal and bird biodiversity by analyzing the tempo and mode of diversification and dispersal within major biogeographic realms. Hotspots in tropical realms had higher rates of speciation whereas those in temperate realms received more immigrant species from their surrounding regions. We also found that hotspots had higher spatial complexity and energy availability, providing a link between the environment and macroevolutionary history. Our study highlights how assessing differences in macroevolutionary history can help to explain why biodiversity varies so much worldwide.

Larval development of a warm-water immigrant barnacle, Solidobalanus fallax (Cirripedia: Archaeobalanidae) reared in the laboratory

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1039-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga M. Korn ◽  
Aleksey S. Elfimov
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Immigrant Species ◽  
Naupliar Development ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cephalic Shield ◽  
Water Species

In 1994 a warm-water barnacle Solidobalanus fallax was recorded for the first time in the UK (Southward, 1995). The naupliar development of this immigrant species is now described, from larvae reared in the laboratory. The planktotrophic nauplii of S. fallax reached the cyprid stage 8 d after hatching, at 25°C. Larval development includes six naupliar and one cyprid stage, following the typical pattern of the thoracican Cirripedia. Naupliar stages have a broad rounded convex cephalic shield without dorsal and marginal spines. Nauplii have a trilobed labrum with the small teeth found in other warm-water species. The abdominal process becomes nearly equal to the dorsal thoracic spine in stage VI. The arrangement of abdominal spines and larval setation are in the usual balanoid pattern. The significant difference of the S. fallax larvae from those of the related temperate-water archaeobalanid species Hesperibalanus hesperius supports the classification of these species into separate genera.

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