scholarly journals Physical activity and gait kinematics in the elderly

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Pitzer Neto ◽  
Airton Rombaldi ◽  
Mirelle Saes ◽  
Fernando Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Stride Length ◽  
Natural Aging ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gait Kinematics ◽  
Inactive Group

<span style="font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: ";Calibri";,sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: ";MS Mincho";; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: ";Times New Roman";; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: JA; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN-US">The paper proposed to analyze the gait kinematics of different physical activity levels. A cross-sectional study, with 60 seniors, divided according to level of physical activity into groups of active, insufficiently active and inactive seniors. The kinematic parameters investigated in gait were stride length, gait speed, distance between the ground and the hallux and the angles of the hip, knee and ankle. Kinovea 0.8 and ImageJ were used for photogrammetric data analysis and STATA 9.2 was used for statistical analysis. Average stride length, gait speed and distance between the hallux and the ground were significantly higher among physically active seniors. As for the ankle joint angle, during the gait phase referred to as toe-off, the angle was greater in the active group (82.98, SD 5.96) compared with the inactive group (86.05, SD 5.44) (p=0.025). Average knee joint angles in degrees during the toe-off phase were 151.02 (SD 10.03) in the active group, 151.12 (SD 7.79) in the insufficiently active and 143.35 (SD 7.08) (p= 0.006) in inactive group. In the acceleration phase the results were 126.81 (SD 7.26), 123.81 (6.60) and 130.4 (6.94) in each group (p=0.015), respectively. Our findings demonstrated that physical activity is important to reduce changes to gait caused by the natural aging process. Physical activity should therefore be widely encouraged among the elderly as a preventive and health promotion in measure this population.</span>

scholarly journals The Sedentary Time and Physical Activity Levels on Physical Fitness in the Elderly: A Comparative Cross Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (19) ◽  
pp. 3697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda M. Silva ◽  
João Petrica ◽  
João Serrano ◽  
Rui Paulo ◽  
André Ramalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inactive Group

Background: Ageing is a life-long process characterized by a progressive loss of physical fitness compromising strength, flexibility, and agility. The purpose of this study was to use accelerometry to examine the relationship between sedentary time, light physical activity (LPA), and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with the elderly’s physical fitness. Additionally, we aimed to examine the association between the aforementioned variables on older adults who fulfilled global recommendations on physical activity for health and on those who did not fulfil these recommendations. Methods: Eighty-three elderly (mean ± SD: 72.14 ± 5.61 years old) of both genders volunteered to participate in this cross-sectional study, being divided into an active group (n = 53; 71.02 ± 5.27 years old) and an inactive group (n = 30; 74.13 ± 5.72 years old) according to the established guidelines. Sedentary and physical activity times were assessed using an ActiGraph® GT1M accelerometer, whereas physical fitness was evaluated with the Senior Fitness Test. Results: MVPA time was correlated with lower body mass index (BMI) ((rs = −0.218; p = 0.048; −0.3 < r ≤ −0.1 (small)) and shorter time to complete the agility test ((rs = −0.367; p = 0.001; −0.5 < r ≤ −0.3 (low)). Moreover, MVPA time was positively correlated with aerobic endurance ((rs = 0.397; p = 0.000; 0.5 < r ≤ 0.3 (low)) and strength ((rs = 0.243; p = 0.027; 0.3 < r ≤ 0.1 (small)). In the inactive group, MVPA time was positively correlated with upper limb flexibility ((rs = 0.400; p = 0.028; 0.5 < r ≤ 0.3 (low)); moreover, sedentary time was negatively correlated with upper limb flexibility ((r = −0.443; p = 0.014; −0.5 < r ≤ −0.3 (low)), and LPA time was negatively correlated with BMI ((r = −0.423; p = 0.020; −0.5 < r ≤ −0.3 (low)). In the active group, MVPA time was correlated with lower BMI ((rs = −0.320; p = 0.020; −0.5 < r ≤ −0.3 (low)), and shorter time to complete agility test ((rs = −0.296; p = 0.031; −0.3 < r ≤ −0.1 (small)). Conclusions: Our results reinforce the importance of promoting MVPA practice among the elderly, thereby allowing physical fitness maintenance or improvement.

scholarly journals Impact of physical activity levels on cardiometabolic parameters and autonomic modulation in elderly: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariane Viana ◽  
Neide Bugliani ◽  
Michelle Sartori ◽  
Camila Martins da Silva ◽  
Iris Callado Sanches ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Autonomic Changes ◽  
Sympathetic Modulation

Abstract Background: By 2030, approximately 20% of the population worldwide will be 65 years of age or older. In this age group, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) will result in 40% of all deaths. Heart rate variability (HRV) appears to be reduced under stress conditions and in many chronic diseases as cardiovascular diseases that appear to be associated with autonomic changes that usually include decreased parasympathetic activation and/or increased sympathetic modulation. Thus, aging is very important for altering neurohumoral mechanisms that control the cardiovascular system. Objective: To analyze the influence of level of physical activity in the HRV in elderly people. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study which included 49 subjects (60 – 86 years), which answered the Baecke questionnaire. Results: The less physically active group had lower levels of plasma HDL (42±2.43mg/dL vs 52±3.8mg/dL) and higher systolic BP (131±117mmHg vs 117±4.07mmHg) when compared to the most active group. The more physically active group showed higher PI of variance (1849.6±387.7ms²) when compared to the moderate (892.1±141.9 ms²) and the less physically active groups (972.3±285.2 ms²). Moreover, the most physically active group presented lower LF/HF balance (1.6±0.2) when compared to the moderate (2.6±0.3) and the less active groups (2.5±0.2). Discussion: The results demonstrated the importance of physical activity to promote hemodynamic, autonomic and lipid profile improvement, suggesting a lower risk of developing or progressing the disease in the elderly.

Predictors of Physical Activity Levels in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Multivariate Approach Based on a Socio-Ecological Framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koren L. Fisher ◽  
Elizabeth L. Harrison ◽  
Brenda G. Bruner ◽  
Joshua A. Lawson ◽  
Bruce A. Reeder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Home Care Services ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Nursing Home Care ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cross Sectional

The purpose of this study was to explore cross-sectional relationships between self-reported physical activity (PA) and personal, social, and environmental factors in community-dwelling adults aged 50 years and older. Accounting for clustering by neighborhood, generalized estimating equations were used to examine associations between selected correlates and the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) score while adjusting for confounders. Data for 601 participants were analyzed: 79% female, 37% married, mean age 76.8 (± 8.7) years, mean PASE score 112.6 (± 64.8). Age, living in seniors’ housing, using nursing/home care services, receiving encouragement to be active, and having benches available in the neighborhood were inversely associated with PASE. Self-efficacy, SF-12 score, PA barriers, social support, and the presence of trails showed positive associations. Several personal, social, and environmental factors associated with PA were identified. The inverse association between PA and living in seniors’ housing units should be considered when developing PA programs for older adults.

Relationship Between Physical Activity and the Availability of Exercise Facilities in an Urban Elderly Population: Cross-sectional Results from China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Houlei Wang ◽  
Zhu ying Wang ◽  
Douye Kang ◽  
xuhui Zhang ◽  
Zhi-jian WU
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Physical Activity Levels ◽  
Nanjing City

Abstract BACKGROUND: Sports facilities have great potential in promoting physical activity. Few studies have explored this relationship in the elderly. Therefore, this study explored the relationship between the community availability of sports facilities and physical activity levels in the elderly. METHODS: Overall, 569 elderly individuals (56.9% female) were randomly selected from 32 communities in Nanjing City. Participants were given accelerometers to wear for 4 consecutive days. A global positioning system and ActiGraph GT3+ device ware used to track, measure duration, and determine spatial details of outdoor activities. It was used to measure the availability of sports facilities within a 500-m buffer zone around the residence of the elderly. Sociodemographic variables and community types were included as covariates. RESULTS: Elderly individuals having 6–7 sports facilities in their buffer zone spent 9.19 minutes (95% confidence interval: 0.05–18.33) longer exercising than did individuals without facilities. Sex, age, and community type significantly influenced the duration of physical activity. After controlling for confounding factors, the physical activity standard reaching rate of the elderly with access to 6–7 sports facilities was 118% higher than that of elderly individuals without access. Further, the compliance rate of the elderly aged 60–65 years and the marginal community was relatively higher. The availability of sports facilities was associated with the probability of achieving the recommended amount of physical activity and moderate to high outdoor physical activity levels of the elderly. CONCLUSIONS: We show that the promotion of physical activity and the improvement of health status are based on facility availability, which in turn affects the physical activity levels of the elderly.

scholarly journals Relationship Between The Level of Physical Activity and The Incidence of Dementia in The Elderly

2021 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Elis Noviati ◽  
Tuti Hidayati ◽  
Resna Litasari ◽  
Reffi Nantia Khaerunnisa ◽  
Yanti Srinayanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Instrument ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Incidence Of Dementia

Background : Dementia is a symptom of a decline in memory, thinking, behavior, and ability to perform everyday activities. One of the risk factors for dementia is physical activity. Good physical activity in the elderly can reduce the risk of dementia. Purpose : This study is to determine the relationship between the level of physical activity and the incidence of dementia in the elderly. Method : This study was an analytical association/correlation with a cross-sectional approach, with a total sample of 51 pages. The research instrument used PASE (Physical Activity Scale for Elderly) to measure the level of physical activity and MoCa (Montre al Cognitive Assessment) to assess cognitive function. Findings : The 15 respondents with a low level of physical activity, 13 respondents ( 86,7 %) had dementia and 2 respondents ( 13,3 %) of them did not have dementia. While 36 with good activity levels, 2 respondents ( 5,6 %) developed dementia and 34 respondents ( 94,4 %) had none Amendment I a. The statistical test used was the chi-square test (p = 0.00 ). ). There is a significant relationship between the level of physical activity and the incidence of dementia in the elderly. Also obtained an OR value of 0.009, meaning that physical activity that is less has a risk of 0.009 times experiencing dementia. Research limitations : Further research can be developed by conducting more specific research on the risk factors that can cause dementia Originality : The different from previous research, namely, in the research method, research instrument, time, and the title is taken.

scholarly journals Handgrip strength and physical activity in frail elderly

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Helena Lenardt ◽  
Maria Angélica Binotto ◽  
Nathalia Hammerschmidt Kolb Carneiro ◽  
Clovis Cechinel ◽  
Susanne Elero Betiolli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Frail Elderly ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Levels

Abstract OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between handgrip strength (HS) and physical activity in physical frailty elderly. METHOD Cross-sectional quantitative study with a sample of 203 elderly calculated based on the population estimated proportion. Tests were applied to detect cognitive impairment and assessment of physical frailty. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis by binary logistic regression were used, and also Student's t-test and Fisher's exact test. RESULTS A total of 99 (64.3%) elderly showed decreased handgrip strength and 90 (58.4%) elderly presented decrease in physical activity levels. There was a statistically significant difference between these two components (p=0.019), in which elderly who have decreased HS have lower levels of physical activity. For low levels of physical activity and decreased HS, there was no evidence of significant difference in the probability of the classification as frail elderly (p<0.001). CONCLUSION The components handgrip strength and physical activity are associated with the frail elderly. The joint presence of low levels of physical activity and decreased handgrip strength leads to a significantly higher probability of the elderly to be categorized as frailty.

scholarly journals Investigating the Role of Physical Activity on Pulmonary Function among Cement Factory Workers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hassan Dashti khavidaki ◽  
Javad Ramezani ◽  
Amir Abbas Minaeifar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Factory Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cement Factory ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Inactive Group

Introduction: Inhalation of suspended particulates in cement plants is one of the most important risk factors for pulmonary and respiratory problems for workers of these factories. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of physical activity on pulmonary function among cement factory workers. Method: This  cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted among 82 cement factory workers. They were selected based on the available sampling method and volunteers were included in the study. According to Beck questionnaire, 48 people were categorized in the inactive and 34 in the active groups. Pulmonary function indices included VC, FVC, FEV1, FEV1, to FVC ratio. Furthermore, the forced expiratory flow of 25-75% (FEF 25-75%) and Spirometry were used to determine the pulmonary capacity of workers. Independent T-test was applied for comparing the two groups and SPSS software ver. 23 was run for data analysis. Results: The results showed that VC, FEV1 / FVC, and FEF 25–75% indices in the active group were significantly higher than the inactive group (p /0,000) (p≥0.01) (p≥0.03). ). Moreover,  FVC and FEV1 indices in the active group were not significantly different (p≥ 0.18) (p 14 0.14) from the inactive group. Discussion: Our investigations showed the positive effect of physical activity and exercise on the pulmonary parameters and respiratory function of the cement factory workers. Therefore, these people are recommended to exercise regularly during the week to prevent respiratory and health problems caused by high concentrations of cement dust.

scholarly journals Relation of chair rising ability to activities of daily living and physical activity in Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mon S. Bryant ◽  
Gu Eon Kang ◽  
Elizabeth J. Protas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Motor Impairment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Many persons living with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have difficulty rising from a chair. Impaired ability to perform the chair rise may be associated with low physical activity levels and reduced ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL). Methods Cross-sectional analysis was performed in 88 persons with PD to study the association of chair rising ability with ADL and physical activity. Results We found that the participants who pushed themselves up from the chair had more severe PD, higher motor impairment and more comorbidity than those who rose from a chair normally. The Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale ADL (UPDRS-ADL), Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living Scale (SE-ADL) and the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE) scores for the participants who pushed themselves up to rise (17.20 ± 7.53; 76.67 ± 13.23; 46.18 ± 52.64, respectively) were significantly poorer than for those who rose normally (10.35 ± 3.79; 87.64 ± 8.30; 112.90 ± 61.40, respectively) (all p < .05). Additionally, PASE scores were significantly poorer for participants who pushed themselves up to rise compared to those who rose slowly (95.21 ± 60.27) (p < .01). Pushing up to rise from a chair was a significant predictor of UPDRS-ADL (β = .357; p < .001; R2 = .403), SE-ADL (β = −.266; p = .009; R2 = .257) and PASE (β = −.250; p = .016; R2 = .162). Conclusions Ability to rise from a chair was associated with ADL limitation and physical activity in persons with PD. Poor ability to rise from a chair may prevent persons from living independently and engaging in physical activity.

The Association Between Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Gait Parameters in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Cross-Sectional Findings From the Obu Study of Health Promotion for the Elderly

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sho Nakakubo ◽  
Takehiko Doi ◽  
Hiroyuki Shimada ◽  
Rei Ono ◽  
Hyuma Makizako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Stride Length ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objective: This study examined the association between excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and gait characteristics (e.g., speed, variability) in community-dwelling older adults. Method: This cross-sectional study included 3,901 individuals aged ≥65 years. Participants answered questions about EDS, sleep duration, and other sleep-related symptoms. Gait speed, stride length, and the variability in stride length were assessed by using a stopwatch and a WalkWay device. Results: EDS was significantly associated with slower gait speed among younger subjects (<75 years, p = .021) and with both slower gait speed ( p = .045) and greater variability in stride length among older subjects (≥75 years, p = .048) in a multivariate analysis adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, medication, number of comorbidities, and education. Discussion: EDS associates with gait ability, particularly in older old adults. Further prospective studies are needed to determine the causal association between gait ability and sleep disturbances, including EDS.

scholarly journals Comparison of Prevalence of Hyperlipidemia, Medical Expenses, Inpatient, Emergency and Outpatient According to the Level of Physical Activity of Korean Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study of 2018 Korea Medical Panel

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-45
Author(s):  
Byung-Kun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Expenses ◽  
Activity Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Activity Groups ◽  
Inactive Group

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to compare the difference in the prevalence of hyperlipidemia according to the level of physical activity in adults, and to compare the difference between annual personal medical expenses, hospitalization, emergency and outpatient use depending on the level of physical activity for hyperlipidemia patients.METHODS The 2018 Korea medical panel data was used (14,489 adults and 2,559 Hyperlipidemia). Physical activity was measured with short form of IPAQ and converted to MET-minutes per week. The days of hospitalization, and personal medical expenses were compared, and frequency analysis, logistic regression, ANOVA and chi-square were performed.RESULTS The prevalence of hyperlipidemia based on the inactive group were decreased both minimally active group (OR = 0.94) and the active group (OR = 0.74, p<0.01). Annual personal medical expenses I (p<.01) and II (p<.01) with hyperlipidemia were all showed significant differences depending on the level of physical activity. On active group basis, medical expenses showed slight differences of 3.0 to 3.2% with the minimally activity group, but that of the inactive group were 19.3 ~ 21.7% higher. The annual days of hospitalization were 6.8 ± 7.2 days in activity group, minimally activity group 7.1 ± 7.2 days, inactive group 11.7 ± 26.0 days. There was no significant difference in the annual days of hospitalization and emergency between the three groups. In particular, the annual days of outpatient increased sharply at the inactive group. Participation in physical activity has been shown to have a significant effect on hospitalization and decreasing use of emergency rooms.CONCLUSIONS Hyperlipidemia prevalence was similar to inactive groups and minimally activity groups, and that of activity groups was 0.74. On medical expenses of hyperlipidemia, the activity and minimally activity group was similar, the inactivity group was 19.3 to 21.7% higher. Physical activity was found to have a positive effect on hospitalization and emergency use reduction.

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